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    1.3 Cousins of The Compiler

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    srinivasmekala
    The document summarizes the role of different programs involved in creating executable programs from source code. It discusses preprocessors, compilers, assemblers, loaders, and link editors. Preprocessors expand macros and include files. Compilers convert source code to assembly code. Assemblers convert assembly code to relocatable machine code. Loaders place relocatable machine code into memory and alter addresses. Link editors combine relocatable machine code files and libraries to create a single executable program, resolving external references.

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    1.3 Cousins of The Compiler

    Uploaded by

    srinivasmekala
    99 views10 pages
    The document summarizes the role of different programs involved in creating executable programs from source code. It discusses preprocessors, compilers, assemblers, loaders, and link editors. Preprocessors expand macros and include files. Compilers convert source code to assembly code. Assemblers convert assembly code to relocatable machine code. Loaders place relocatable machine code into memory and alter addresses. Link editors combine relocatable machine code files and libraries to create a single executable program, resolving external references.

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    1.3 Cousins of the Compiler

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    The document summarizes the role of different programs involved in creating executable programs from source code. It discusses preprocessors, compilers, assemblers, loaders, and link editors. Preprocessors expand macros and include files. Compilers convert source code to assembly code. Assemblers convert assembly code to relocatable machine code. Loaders place relocatable machine code into memory and alter addresses. Link editors combine relocatable machine code files and libraries to create a single executable program, resolving external references.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    99 views10 pages

    1.3 Cousins of The Compiler

    Uploaded by

    srinivasmekala
    The document summarizes the role of different programs involved in creating executable programs from source code. It discusses preprocessors, compilers, assemblers, loaders, and link editors. Preprocessors expand macros and include files. Compilers convert source code to assembly code. Assemblers convert assembly code to relocatable machine code. Loaders place relocatable machine code into memory and alter addresses. Link editors combine relocatable machine code files and libraries to create a single executable program, resolving external references.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    of 10

    Cousins of the

    Compiler
    Context of the Compiler
    • Several other programs are required to create
    executable target programs

    PREPROCESSOR

    Source Program

    COMPILER

    Target Assembly program

    ASSEMBLER

    Relocatable machine code

    LOADER / LINK EDITOR Absolute machine code


    Preprocessors
    • Collect Source program segments and also
    expands macros
    • Produce input to compilers
    – Macro processing
    – File inclusion – includes header files
    – Rational preprocessors
    • Augment older languages
    – Language Extensions
    • Adds capabilities to the language
    • Database access statements
    Preprocessors
    • Macro definition
    – Indicated by define
    – Name of macro and body – definition
    – Formal parameters
    • Macro Usage
    – Name and actual parameters
    Preprocessors

    • In TEX:
    \define <macro name> <template> { <body>}
    \define \JACM #1;#2;#3 {{\sl J.ACM}{\bf
    #1}:#2,pp.#3.}
    \JACM 17;4; 715-728
    J.ACM 17:4, pp.715-728.
    Assemblers
    • Compilers may produce assembly code or re
    locatable machine code
    • Assembly code uses mnemonics for opcodes and
    names for addresses
    • Example: Computes b = a+2

    MOV a, R1
    ADD #2, R1
    MOV R1, b
    Two pass Assembly
    • Makes 2 passes
    • First pass all identifiers denoting storage
    locations are found and stored in symbol
    table; addresses are also assigned
    IDENTIFIER ADDRESS
    a 0
    b 4
    Two pass Assembly
    • Second pass – scans input and translates
    operation code into bits
    • Output: Relocatable machine code
    – Can be loaded in any location
    – Load (0001) / Store (0010) / Add (0011)
    – Register
    – Tag (00 – Ordinary address mode / 10 – Immediate mode)
    – * - Relocation bit

    0001 01 00 00000000 *
    0011 01 10 00000010
    0010 01 00 00000100 *
    Loaders
    • Input: relocatable machine code
    – Alters addresses
    – Places into memory
    Link Editors

    • Creates a single program from several files


    of re locatable machine code and library
    routines
    • External References
    – External Symbol Directory

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