TLE-CARPENTRY
Good Morning Class!
February 10, 2021
Can accidents be
prevented?
TLE-CARPENTRY
Importance of
Safety
and Health in the
Construction
Industry
Occupational Safety and Health
promotion and maintenance of the highest
degree of physical, mental and social well-
being of workers
prevention safety and health hazards
protection workers from adverse effects to
health
placing and maintenance of the worker in an
environment adapted to his/her ability.
Global OSH Situationer
International Labour Organization Report
270 Million accidents reported
350,000 of which are fatal
160 Million work-related illnesses / diseases
reported
Global OSH Situationer
2,000,000 workers DIE every year
More than 100,000 work fatalities occur every month
more than 5,000 everyday
4 every minute
Each year, 22,000 children are killed by work
accidents!
Construction Industry
At least 60,000 fatalities occur at construction
sites, around the world, every year
1 fatal accident occurs every 10 minutes
Around 17% of all fatalities at work (1 in
every 6) are construction fatalities
OSHC Study
Factors That Contribute
to the Occurrence of Accidents
in the Construction Industry
Leading Causes of
Accidents
Type of Trade
Month of Occurrence
Time of Accident
Assessing the Knowledge,
Attitude and Practices (KAP) of
Construction Workers and
Managers on OSH (2004)
FGD-Supervisors
Attitudes
Supervisors believe that accidents are not
preventable, specially during rush work.
Accident happens due to worker’s negligence and
over familiarity with work
To prevent accidents, workers need discipline and
adherence to safety policies and regulations
FGD : Workers’ Attitude
Workers’ attitudes toward safety
Accidents are not preventable
They can avoid accident if they stay alert, strong, careful,
able to drive away fear
They are responsible for their own safety
Others believe that their safety is responsibility of the
supervisor
They need safety information, PPE, and other safety
protection
Accident
An occurrence or event that is:
• unexpected,
• unforeseen,
• unplanned and
• unwanted
that may or may not cause damage, injury,
fatality, loss or work stoppage.
The result is usually apparent
Primary Causes of Accidents
Unsafe Act
Unsafe Condition
Unsafe Act
The human action that
departs from a standard
or written job procedure
or common practice,
safety rules, regulations
or instructions.
Reasons for Unsafe Act
Improper Attitude
Lack of Knowledge or
Skills
Physical Unsuitability
Improper Mechanical or
Physical Environment
Unsafe Condition
The physical or chemical
property of a material,
machine or the
environment which could
result in injury to a
person, damage or
destruction to property or
other forms of losses.
Work System People
Equipment
Environment
Process
Materials
Accident Theory
People Equipment
Environment Process
Materials
Accident Causation
Human Factors
The actions that people take, or do not take, greatly
affect what happens in the workplace
• Employer
• Workers
• Clients
• Guests
Accident Causation
Material Factors
Many of the materials involved in producing goods
and services in the workplace, including waste
products, involve safety hazards.
These hazards include risks from explosions, fires
and unexpected traumatic exposure to highly toxic
substances
Accident Causation
Equipment Factors
Equipment refers to the tools, machines, facilities,
vehicles, and other hardware used in the workplace.
Equipment may be hazardous if a person is exposed
to parts that move, spin, rotate or cut.
Accident Causation
Environmental Factors
The workplace environment is the place where
people, materials and equipment come together to
get work done.
There are many aspects of the environment that
can affect or alter conditions adversely and contribute
to safety hazards.
Accident Causation
Process Factors
A process is the sequence of actions used to
transform materials and human skills into goods or
services.
It is the way work is designed.
Fire Hazards
A serious problem associated with
workplace design is the potential for fire
hazards.
Offices/ workshops/ laboratories contain
large amounts of combustible materials,
such as paper, furniture and gases, which
can easily ignite and emit toxic fumes.
Materials Handling Hazards
Material handling is a major
cause of injury.
– Improper lifting of materials can
cause musculoskeletal disorders
such as sprains, strains, and
inflamed joints.
– Accidents involving mechanized
material handling equipment,
such as fork-lifts and cranes.
Electrical Hazards
Electrical accidents in
workplaces usually occur as a
result of:
– Faulty or defective
equipment
– Unsafe installation, or
– Misuse of equipment
Machinery and Tool Hazards
The biggest hazard comes from moving machine
parts which may accidentally come into contact with a
worker’s body causing injury or death.
Workers may be crushed when a part of their body or
clothing gets caught in rotating shafts, belts or pulleys
Body parts may be severely injured or even severed
by presses, blades and saw
I Direct Costs
T
C
H
E
E
B
O
E
R
R
Y
G
Indirect Costs
Direct Cost of Accidents
Medical Expenses
Equipment Damage
Wasted Raw Materials
Insurance Premiums
Litigation Expenses
Indirect Cost of Accidents
1 Injured Workers
Lesser productivity due to interruption on day of
injury
Loss in efficiency
Loss of income
2 Other Employees
loss productivity due to:
work stoppage out of curiosity
when assisting injured worker
due to inspection
Loss in efficiency out of sympathy to the injured
Additional cost due to completion of added work
Indirect Cost of Accidents
3. Supervisors
lost productivity :
when assisting the injured
due to accident investigation
in preparing reports
during inspection
4. Replacement worker
hiring or training
5. Equipment
downtime
Humane Aspects
Sorrow due to loss
Hardships and inconveniences
Physical pain/discomfort
Psychological problems
Can accidents be
prevented?
Unsafe Act vs.
Unsafe Condition
98% - preventable
• 88% - unsafe act
• 10% - unsafe condition
2% - non-preventable
Focus of OSH
People
People
Equipment
Environment
Materials
Systems to Control
Unsafe Acts/Unsafe Conditions
SOURCE PATH RECEIVER
Pre-contact:
Engineering Control :
Elimination/Minimization Enclosure of the Hazard
Isolation of the Hazard Redirection of Hazard
Systems to Control
Unsafe Acts/Unsafe Conditions
Administrative Control :
Exposure time limitations ,Safe work practices
Alarms and Warning signs, Training and Education
SOURCE PATH RECEIVER
Pre-contact:
Engineering Control :
Elimination/Minimization
Enclosure of the Hazard
Isolation of the Hazard
Redirection of Hazard
Systems to Control
Unsafe Acts/Unsafe Conditions
Administrative Control :
Exposure time limitations ,Safe work practices
Alarms and Warning signs, Training and Education
SOURCE PATH RECEIVER
Pre-contact:
Engineering Control : Point of contact:
Elimination/Minimization
Enclosure of the Hazard Personal Protective
Isolation of the Hazard Equipment (PPE)
Redirection of Hazard Last line of defense
Legal Basis
Book IV, Title I – Occupational Safety
Medical, Dental DO 13 Guidelines
and Health
and Occupational Governing Safety
Standards, (OSHS)
Safety and Health in
as amended
Construction
Industry
55
Why the need for OSH?
Family
Regulatory Agencies
Employee Health
SAFETY
Accident Costs
Production
Corporate
Image Quality
OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH CENTER
Department of Labor and Employment
Website: www.oshc.dole.gov.ph
Email: [email protected]
