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Servlets & JSPS: - Sharad Ballepu

The document discusses servlets and JSPs, including the servlet lifecycle of initialization, request handling via doGet() or doPost(), and destruction. It also covers the servlet architecture with the web container managing servlets and handling requests, and details about request and response processing as well as session management across requests.

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Deepak Kumar Singh
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35 views26 pages

Servlets & JSPS: - Sharad Ballepu

The document discusses servlets and JSPs, including the servlet lifecycle of initialization, request handling via doGet() or doPost(), and destruction. It also covers the servlet architecture with the web container managing servlets and handling requests, and details about request and response processing as well as session management across requests.

Uploaded by

Deepak Kumar Singh
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Servlets & JSPs

- Sharad Ballepu
[email protected]
www.sharmanj.com
Servlets & JSPs

Agenda

• Introduction
• Servlet Architecture
• Servlet lifecycle
• Request and Response
• Being a Web Container
• Session management
• Overview of JSP
• JSP Elements
• Q&A
Introduction – request-response model

• Request-response model.
HTTP
Request

request
Server
<html>
<head>
<html>
<body>
<head>
…
<body>
…

Client
response
HTTP

HTML
Introduction – what is a request and response

HTTP Request HTTP Response


Key elements of a “request” Key elements of a “response”
stream: stream:

 HTTP method (action to be  A status code (for whether


performed). the request was successful).

 The page to access (a URL).  Content-type (text, picture,


html, etc…).
 Form parameters.
 The content ( the actual
content).
Introduction – What is a Servlet

Where does Servlet come into the picture?


I can serve only
static HTML
pages
Web Server
Application

Not a
problem. I
can handle
dynamic
Helper requests.
Application
Web Server
machine
“The Helper Application is nothing but a SERVLET”
Servlet Architecture -Web Container

• What is a Web Container?

request
GET. GET. GET.
….. ….. …..

Web Web Servlet


Server Container
Client
Servlet Architecture – Web Container

• How does the Container handle a request?

request Servlet
Http request Web
Container
response
Thread
Web
Server
<Html>

response <Body>
……. Service()
Client </Body>
</Html>

doGet()
Servlet Architecture – Web Container

The CONTAINER
What is the role of Web Container ?
S2
• Communication Support
S1
• Lifecycle Management
JSP1
• Multi-threading support

S3
• Security

• JSP Support S4

The container can contain multiple Servlets & JSPs within it


Servlet Architecture – Deployment Descriptor

• How does the Container know which Servlet the client has
requested for? <web-app>
………
<servlet>
A Servlet can have 3 names
<servlet-name>LoginServ</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>com.Login</servlet-class>
 Client known URL name </servlet>

<servlet-mapping>
 Deployer known secret <servlet-name>LoginServ</servlet-name>
internal name <url-pattern>/Logon</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
………..
 Actual file name ………..
</web-app>

Web.xml
Servlet Lifecycle

• The Servlet lifecycle is simple, there is only one main state –


“Initialized”.

Does not exist

constructor()
destroy()
init()

Initialized

Service()
Servlet Lifecycle - Hierarchy

Interface Servlet

Abstract class GenericServlet If not overridden, implements init()


method from the ‘Servlet’ interface,

Abstract class HttpServlet If not overridden, implements service()


method.

Concrete class Your Servlet We implement the HTTP methods


here.
Servlet Lifecycle – 3 big moments

When is it called What it’s for Do you override


it
init() The container To initialize your
calls the init() servlet before
before the servlet handling any Possibly
can service any client requests.
client requests.
service() When a new To determine
request for that which HTTP No. Very unlikely
servlet comes in. method should be
called.

doGet() or The service() To handle the


doPost() method invokes it business logic.
based on the HTTP Always
method from the
request.
Servlet Lifecycle – Thread handling

• The Container runs multiple threads to process multiple


requests to a single servlet.
Container

Client A Client B

Servlet

Thread Thread
A B

response request request response


Request and Response – GET v/s POST

• The HTTP request method determines whether doGet() or


doPost() runs.
GET (doGet()) POST (doPost())

The request contains only the Along with request line


HTTP Request request line and HTTP header. and header it also contains
HTTP body.
Parameter The form elements are passed The form elements are
passing to the server by appending at passed in the body of the
the end of the URL. HTTP request.
Size The parameter data is limited Can send huge amount of
(the limit depends on the data to the server.
container)
Idempotency GET is Idempotent POST is not idempotent
Usage Generally used to fetch some Generally used to process
information from the host. the sent data.
Request and Response – The response

Request

Can the Servlet No Does the Servlet know


Serve the request? Who can serve?
No

Yes

Yes

Send Redirect
Send resource
Request Dispatcher Error page
Being a Web Container – Servlet Config and Context

Servlet Context

Servlet 1 Servlet 2 Servlet 3 JSP 1

Servlet Config Servlet Config Servlet Config Servlet Config


Being a Web Container – init parameters

• What are init parameters?


• Difference between Servlet Context and Config Init parameters

Context Init Parameters Servlet Init Parameters

Scope Scope is Web Container Specific to Servlet or JSP

Servlet code getServletContext() getServletConfig()

Deployment Within the <web-app> element Within the <servlet> element


Descriptor but not within a specific for each specific servlet
<servlet> element
Being a Web Container - Attributes

• What exactly, is an attribute?


• Difference between Attributes and parameters

Attributes Parameters

Context Context
Types Request Request
Session Servlet Init
We cannot set Init
Method to set setAttribute(String, Object) parameters.

Return type Object String

getInitParameter
Method to get getAttribute(String) (String)
Session Management – Session Tracking

• How sessions work? new


1 2
request, “dark”
ID# 42
“dark”
HttpSession
Client A

response, ID# 42 setAttribute(“dark”)


4 3
Container

ID# 42
“ale” “dark”
#42

Client A 1 HttpSession
request, “ale”, ID# 42
2
Container
Session Tracking – Cookies

HttpSession session = request.getSession(); Here’s your


cookie with
session ID
inside…
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Set-Cookie: JSESSIONID=0ABS
Content-Type: text/html
Client A Server: Apache-Coyote/1.1
<html>
…
</html>

Container
OK, here’s HTTP Response
the cookie
with my
request

POST / login.do HTTP/1.1

Cookie: JSESSIONID=0ABS
Accept: text/html……

Client A
HTTP Request Container
Session Tracking – URL Rewriting

URL ;jsessionid=1234567
Container
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Content-Type: text/html
Server: Apache-Coyote/1.1
<html>
<body>
< a href =“ http:// www.sharmanj.com/Metavante;jsessionid=0AAB”>
click me </a>
Client A </html>
HTTP Response

GET /Metavante;jsessionid=0AAB

HTTP / 1.1
Host: www.sharmanj.com
Accept: text/html

Client A HTTP Request Container


JSP Overview - Servlets v/s JSPs

JSPs : Java within HTML


Servlets : HTML within Java
Presentation logic
business logic

public void doGet(request, response) <html>


{ <body>
PrintWriter out = response.getWriter(); <% String name =
String name = request.getParameter(name); %>
request.getParameter(name);
out.println(“<html><body>”); Hello <%= name %>
out.println("Hello” + name);
out.println(“</body></html>”); </body>
} </html>
JSP Overview - What is a JSP

• In the end, a JSP is just a Servlet.

Is translated to Compiles to Is loaded and


Initialized as
Import javax. 0010 0001
writes servlet. 1100 1001
JSP HttpServlet.* 0001 0011 Servlet

MyJsp.jsp MyJsp_jsp.java MyJsp_jsp.class MyJsp_jsp


Servlet
JSP Elements

• Scriptlets
• <% int I = 10; %>
• <% Dog d = new Dog(); %>
= out.println(i);
• Expressions
• <%= i %>
= out.println(d.getName());
• <%= d.getName() %>

• Declarations
• <%! int i=10; %>
• <%! void display() { System.out.println(“Hello”); } %>

• Directives
• Pages - <%@ page import=“foo.*, bar.*” %>
• include - <%@ include file=“/foo/myJsp.jsp” %>
• taglib - <%@ taglib uri=“Tags” prefix=“cool” %>
JSP Elements – JSP to Servlet

• Where does the JSP code land in the Servlet?


<%@ page import=“foo.*” %> import javax.servlet.HttpServlet.*
import foo.*;
<html> public class MyJsp_jsp extends
<body> HttpServlet
{
<% int i = 10; %> int count = 0;
<%! int count = 0; %> public void display()
{
Hello! Welcome out.println(“Hello”);
}
<%! Public void display() public void _jspService(req, res)
{ {
out.println(“Hello”); int i = 0;
} %> out.println(“<html>\r<body>”);
out.println(“Hello! Welcome”);
</body> }
</html> }
Q&A

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