Generator Protection

Generator Design Data:

QFSN-C
Model

660MW(776.5MVA)
Rated power

22KV
Rated voltage

20.377KA
Rated current

Rated power factor 0.85(lagging)

Rated excitation current

Rated excitation voltage 468.21V(calculated value)

156.2 V
Rated noload excitation voltage

50HZ
Rated frequency

3000r/min
Rated speed

Connection mode Double star

6
Outlet terminal number
Capability Curve
 Types of Generator Faults
1. Internal Faults

Inter-turn Faults Field winding Earth Faults Excitation System Faults

2. External Faults

Transformer Faults Line Faults

S.NO Protection Setting Interlock Tripping Cause
Generator Differential Protection(87G) Initial Setting – 0.25Ie
This offers a selective and high speed Initial Slope – 0.08
Trips both Generator
01 protection for the generator against any Instant Setting – 4Ie and Turbine
internal fault such as winding earth fault, Maximum Slope – 0.5
phase to phase short and inter-turn faults. Instantaneous Tripping

Generator Stator Earth Fault

Protection(51G & 59N)
1. 100% Stator Earth Fault
In this protection, some High freq Zero Seq Voltage
setting Low - 7.5V
Low current signal will be injected
on neutral side and will isolate the Zero Seq Voltage
setting High - 15V Trips both Generator
02 Generator during fault even Time delay - 1sec and Turbine
Generator on stand still condition.
100% of winding will be saved
Third harmonic
2. 95% Stator Earth Fault Protection setting – 0.3
This protection based on Voltage Time delay - 3sec
increase in the Broken Delta
winding during fault, 95% of Stator
wining will be saved

Alarm setting –
Rotor Earth Fault Protection(64F)
Stage-1 20K.Ohm
Tripping setting –
In this stage the relay operates when 10K.Ohm Trips both Generator
the Grounded resistance below the set
03 value. Time Delay – 3.5sec and Turbine
Stage-2
Tripping setting – 1V
In this stage the relay will operate on Time Delay – 1.0sec
voltage injection principle.
S.NO Protection Setting Interlock
1. Rotor under
Zone 1 - Voltage
2.56Ohms/0.3sec 2. Stator under
04 Loss of Excitation Protection(40Z) Zone 2 - voltage Trips only HVCB
Relay will operate on Fault Impedance. 33.97Ohms/0.5sec 3. Reduced power
output
4. VT Failure

Under/Over Voltage
Protection(27&59) OV setting – Secondary side MCB
143V/0.5sec Trips both HVCB and
05 Relay will operate during UV setting – 99V/2.5sec VT Failure Field Breaker
Decrease/Increase in voltage of the
Stator terminal.
Overall & GT:
Generator Over all Diff Initial Slope – 0.4Ie
Protection(87O) Initial Slope – 0.15
The overall differential protection Instant Setting – 4Ie
Maximum Slope – 0.7 Trips both Generator
06 covers Generator transformer, UT: HVCB Close feedback and Turbine
Generator and Unit auxiliary Initial Slope – 0.4Ie
Transformers also. This will act as a Initial Slope – 0.15
back up to generator differential Instant Setting – 8Ie
protection Maximum Slope – 0.7
Instantaneous Tripping
Over Fluxing Protection(24)
Over fluxing relay, which measures the
ratio of voltage to frequency, is used to
protect the transformer under this Stage-1 V/Hz – 1.3/1sec Trips both HVCB and
condition. This relay will have two-step Stage-2 V/Hz –
07 action, first step to initiate lowering the 1.1/20sec Above 100% voltage Field Breaker
excitation and second step to trip the
generator after a time delay if the
condition persists.
S.NO Protection Setting Interlock
Reverse Power Protection(32) 1. HVCB close feedback
The reverse power flow using Power setting – 1% 2. Turbine steam inlet Trips both HVCB, Field
08 breaker and Turbine
directional power relay with a time Time delay – 63sec valve
delay 3. VT Failure
Zone 1 – 3.3Ohms
Zone 2 – 4.29ohms
Generator Pole Slipping Protection(78) Trips only HVCB
09 Relay will operate on Fault impedance Zone 3 – 1.88Ohms VT Failure
Sensitive Angle –
90Deg
Zero Seq Voltage
setting
Low side – 2V
Generator Inter turn Protection High side – 6V VT Failure Trips both Generator
10 This protection is provided for faults Time Delay – 0.2sec and Turbine
between turns of the same phase. Back up Negative
sequence voltage
setting(U2) – 7.7V
Current setting – 5.8A
Start up/Shut down Protection
This Protection will operates when GT Diff setting – 0.7Ie Trips both Generator
11 earth fault or phase-phase faults UT Diff setting – 0.5Ie Frequency and Turbine
during low speed operation of Generator - 0.4Ie
Generator.
Error Power on Protection Current setting – 0.7A Trips both Generator
12 This protection is provided against Error closing delay – Frequency and Turbine
incorrect closing of HVCB Poles. 0.2S
Under frequency –
Under/Over Frequency 48Hz/300min
Protection(81O&U) Trips both Generator
47.5Hz/1min VT Failure
13 Relay will operates when frequency is Over frequency – and Turbine
lower/highger than the its setting for
specified time Interval. 51.5Hz/30sec
51Hz/3min