University of The Philippines College Entrance Tests Review 2019
University of The Philippines College Entrance Tests Review 2019
University of The Philippines College Entrance Tests Review 2019
GRAMMAR
“Computer is to keyboard as
cellphone is to _____.”
ANALOGY
Analogy
• is a comparison between two things,
and the comparison is used to
determine the relationship between
different sets of things.
Meow is to cat Bark is to dog
Types of Analogies
• Synonym to Antonym : hot is to cold
• Part to Whole : core is to apple
• Function to thing : cook is to stove
• Characteristic to thing : slippery is to ice
• Product to thing : milk is to cow
How to solve analogies?
Eye:See : Ear: ____
a.Manumission
b.Remittance
c.Repulsion
d.Compulsion
Sentence
Completion
Sentence Completion
• Filling up of blanks
• Checks whether you are capable of fitting
the right word in the right blank
• Also checks your “English” and “Logic”
Ex.
Tom and Jerry were both _____, so they
decided to purchase ____ to share.
a.hungry… a soda
b.Exhausted… a meal
c.Starving… medicine
d.Confused… a snack
e.Thirsty… a beverage
Strategies in Sentence
Completion
Strategy 1: Proactive Solving
• To predict something
Ex.
He studied everyday for the exam, but
failed by a narrow margin.
Strategy 3: Root words
What word is that?
Unemployment
The 200th anniversary of Mozart’s death
is being ______ around the world with
concerts featuring his work.
A. liberated
B. commemorated
C. expatiated
D. protracted
Strategy 4: Prefixes and Suffixes
• Letters that are added to the beginning or
end of a word to derive another word from
it
Prefixes
Acu – Sharp Peri - Around
• Accurate Perimeter
• Acupuncture
Suffix
•Telescope
•Microscope
General Case
The prefix “in” is used to negate a word.
•Incapable
•Inappropriate
•Infertile
Exception case:
Inflammable
-same as flammable
Opposite: Nonflammable
Strategy 5: Cause and effect
• Thus
• Subsequently
• Therefore
• Because
• For
• Since
• so
Ex.
I feel extremely tired. And so, I want to
___.
a.Aggresively
b.Abdicating
c.Momentous
d.Recognition
Common
Grammar Mistakes
THE PURPOSE OF GRAMMAR
• Clarity of meaning
• Readability
• Credibility
TYPES OF ERRORS
• Wrong-word errors
• Punctuation errors
• Usage errors
WRONG-WORD ERRORS
TYPES OF WRONG-WORD ERRORS
2. Wrong Meaning
•Use a dictionary.
•Be careful using the thesaurus.
•Watch out for words with the wrong shade of meaning or
the wrong meaning altogether.
3. Commonly Confused Words
• Spell check won’t catch these!
COMMONLY CONFUSED WORDS
Ex.
• The game was over, but the crowd refused to leave.
• Yesterday was her birthday, so they went out to dinner.
2. Use commas after introductory clauses, phrases,
or words that come before the main clause.
Ex.
• While I was eating, the cat scratched at the door.
• To get a seat, you'd better come early.
• Well, perhaps he meant no harm.
3. Use commas to separate three or more
words, phrases, or clauses written in a
series.
Ex.
• The Constitution establishes the legislative,
executive, and judicial branches of
government.
4. Use commas to set apart a parenthetical
phrase in a sentence.
Ex.
• My friend Jessica, who lives in Pili, is a senior
high school student.
SEMICOLONS ;
Ex.
• The participants in the first study were paid; those in
the second were unpaid.
2. Use a semicolon to separate elements in
a series that already contains commas.
Ex.
• The students in the class were from
Lynchburg, Virginia; Washington, D.C.; and
Raleigh, North Carolina.
3.Use a semicolon to join two independent clauses when
the second clause begins with a conjunctive adverb
(however, therefore, moreover, furthermore, thus,
meanwhile, nonetheless, otherwise) or a transition (in
fact, for example, that is, for instance, in addition, in
other words, on the other hand).
Ex.
• I really have no interest in politics; however, I do like to stay
informed by watching the debates.
COLONS
Ex.
• They have agreed on the outcome: informed participants
perform better than do uninformed participants.
• Road construction in Dallas has hindered travel around
town: parts of Main, Fifth, and West Street are closed
during the construction
APOSTROPHES
Ex.
• I don’t like him very much.
1.Use an apostrophe to form a possessive noun.
Ex.
• My mother’s job is better than all my brothers’ jobs put
together.
• Dickens’s later works are much darker than his early
novels.
Rule of thumb:
• Subjects ending in “s” are plural
• Verbs ending in “s” are singular
Thank you!