CHAPTER 2

DIALYSIS IN MALAYSIA
 Table 2.1.1: Stock and flow - Dialysis Patients, Malaysia
2008-2018
Year 2018 2017 2016 2015 2014 2013 2012 2011 2010 2009 2008
New Dialysis patients 8431 8031 8090 8037 7618 6994 6696 6037 5276 4923 4606
Died 6135 5945 5400 5005 4726 4012 3647 3292 3050 2600 2192
Transplanted 80 101 70 100 90 73 79 103 98 111 110
Lost to Follow-up 71 42 38 38 48 25 34 35 33 21 7
Dialysing at 31st December 44136 42355 40627 38028 35106 32321 29400 26442 23790 21641 19430

(For actual numbers refer to Appendix T2.1.1)

 Table 2.1.1(a): Stock and flow - HD Patients, Malaysia
2008-2018
Year 2018 2017 2016 2015 2014 2013 2012 2011 2010 2009 2008
New Dialysis patients 7200 6896 7086 6901 6621 6211 5937 5422 4739 4375 4037
Died 5315 5170 4669 4374 4150 3540 3252 2918 2697 2279 1915
Transplanted 55 93 64 90 76 56 65 86 87 96 89
Lost to Follow-up 64 40 36 37 47 25 34 33 30 20 7
Dialysing at 31st December 39593 38061 36638 34236 31798 29451 26827 24260 21793 19750 17677

(For actual numbers refer to Appendix T2.1.1)

 Table 2.1.1(b): Stock and flow - PD Patients, Malaysia
2008-2018
Year 2018 2017 2016 2015 2014 2013 2012 2011 2010 2009 2008
New Dialysis patients 1231 1135 1004 1136 997 783 759 615 537 548 569
Died 820 775 731 631 576 472 395 374 353 321 277
Transplanted 25 8 6 10 14 17 14 17 11 15 21
Lost to Follow-up 7 2 2 1 1 0 0 2 3 1 0
Dialysing at 31st December 4543 4294 3989 3792 3308 2870 2573 2182 1997 1891 1753

(For actual numbers refer to Appendix T2.1.1)

 Number of patients

500
0
1,000
1,500
2,000
2,500
3,000
3,500
4,000
4,500
5,000
5,500
6,000
6,500
7,000
7,500
8,000
8,500
1969
1970
1971
1972
1973
1974

HD
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
PD

1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
2017
2018
(a) Number of New Dialysis Incidence, Malaysia 1969-2018

Incidence Rate, per million population

100
120
140
160
180
200
220
240
260
280

20
40
60
80

1969
1970
1971
1972
1973
1974
HD

1975
(For actual numbers refer to Appendix T1.1.1)

1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
PD

1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
Figure 2.1.1: New Dialysis (Hemodialysis & Chronic PD)

2010
2011
Incidence Rate per Million Population, Malaysia 1969-2018

2012
2013
2014
2015
(b) New Dialysis Incidence Rates, Malaysia 1969-2018

2016
2017
2018
 Table 2.1.2(a): Dialysis Treatment and Rate by Centre
state, per million population 2008-2018
Year 2018 2017 2016 2015 2014 2013 2012 2011 2010 2009 2008
Johor 330 337 346 317 335 307 298 285 227 227 235
Kedah 294 284 285 269 278 267 232 194 152 146 162
Kelantan 207 177 223 216 138 136 161 128 99 111 94
Melaka 345 301 319 336 332 303 267 273 223 219 226
Negeri Sembilan 389 363 362 343 356 269 300 267 273 249 233
Pahang 235 226 226 250 243 205 223 172 171 130 131
Perak 312 286 282 341 285 276 273 267 240 221 203
Perlis 249 170 169 187 201 182 192 160 102 124 143
Pulau Pinang 303 322 364 323 342 321 338 306 272 252 205
Sabah WP Labuan 115 118 139 121 107 117 104 91 90 91 93
Sarawak 174 193 178 188 181 164 126 124 114 117 117
Selangor 255 227 244 272 262 227 233 207 180 175 165
Terengganu 322 280 286 268 279 265 245 186 180 144 134
WP Kuala Lumpur 369 389 380 368 334 367 320 338 328 277 236

(For actual numbers refer to Appendix T2.1.2a)

Table 2.1.3(a): Dialysis Treatment Rate by Gender, per
million male or female population 2008-2018
Year 2018 2017 2016 2015 2014 2013 2012 2011 2010 2009 2008
Male 275 264 282 289 275 253 247 222 200 192 182
Female 244 236 241 237 230 217 208 194 171 155 149
 Incidence Rate, per million population

100
150
200
250
300
350
400
450
500
550

0
50
1969
1970
1971
1972
1973
1974
1975
Male

1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
Female

1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
2018

1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
(For actual numbers in Fig 2.1.3a, refer to Appendix T2.1.3a)

2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
2017
2018
Figure 2.1.3(a): Dialysis Treatment Rate by Gender 1969-
 Table 2.1.3(b): Gender Distribution of Dialysis Patients
2008-2018
Year 2018 2017 2016 2015 2014 2013 2012 2011 2010 2009 2008
New Dialysis patients 8431 8031 8090 8037 7618 6994 6696 6037 5276 4923 4606
% Male 54.6 54.5 55.2 56.2 55.8 55.3 55.7 54.9 55.3 56.2 55.9
% Female 45.4 45.5 44.8 43.8 44.2 44.7 44.3 45.1 44.7 43.8 44.1
ESKD patients at 31st December 44136 42355 40627 38028 35106 32321 29400 26442 23790 21641 19430
% Male 54.0 54.3 54.7 54.6 54.6 54.6 54.7 54.7 55.0 55.2 55.0
% Female 46.0 45.7 45.3 45.4 45.4 45.4 45.3 45.3 45.0 44.8 45.0
 Proportion of patients (%)

10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100

0
1969
1970
1971
1972
1973
1974
1975

Male
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
(i) New Dialysis patients

1984
1985
1986
1987
Female

1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
2017
2018

Proportion of patients (%)

10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90

0
100
1969-2018

1969
1970
1971
1972
1973
1974
1975
Male

1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
(For actual numbers in Fig 2.1.3b, refer to Appendix T2.1.3b)

1984
1985
1986
1987
Female

1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
(ii) ESKD Patients at 31st December

1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
Figure 2.1.3(b): Gender Distribution of Dialysis Patients

2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
2017
2018
Table 2.1.4(a): Dialysis Treatment Rate by Age Group, per
million age group population 2008-2018
Year 2018 2017 2016 2015 2014 2013 2012 2011 2010 2009 2008
≤14 6 6 6 6 4 6 5 6 6 7 5
15-24 29 29 31 34 35 35 29 26 23 30 25
25-34 86 77 82 81 79 79 75 71 68 64 62
35-44 204 199 207 207 189 184 172 156 140 127 137
45-54 546 525 540 547 544 507 509 475 436 378 375
55-64 1017 1017 1088 1096 1087 1030 1015 945 865 767 729
≥ 65 1116 1102 1138 1213 1183 1098 1130 1055 909 996 947
Figure 2.1.4(a): Dialysis Treatment Rate by Age Group
1969-2018

Treatment rate, per million population

1200
1100
1000
900
800
700
600
500
400
300
200
100
0
1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015 2020
Year

Age group 1-14 years Age group 15-24 years

Age group 25-34 years Age group 35-44 years
Age group 45-54 years Age group 55-64 years
Age group >=65 years

(For actual numbers in Fig 2.1.4a, refer to Appendix T2.1.4a)

 Table 2.1.4(b): Percentage Age Distribution of Dialysis
Patients 2008-2018
Year 2018 2017 2016 2015 2014 2013 2012 2011 2010 2009 2008
New Dialysis patients 8431 8031 8090 8037 7618 6994 6696 6037 5276 4923 4606
% ≤24 2.7 2.8 2.7 3.0 3.0 3.5 3.1 3.2 3.4 4.1 3.6
% 25-34 6.3 5.8 5.7 5.7 5.8 6.1 5.9 6.0 6.4 6.0 6.1
% 35-44 10.6 10.6 10.7 10.4 9.8 10.2 9.9 9.8 10 10.4 11.9
% 45-54 21.9 22.0 22.5 22.6 23.3 23.2 23.9 24.2 24.7 24.2 24.8
% 55-64 30.7 31.3 32.2 31.4 31.6 31.5 31.2 30.9 31 29.3 28.1
% ≥ 65 27.7 27.5 26.2 26.9 26.4 25.5 26.1 25.8 24.5 25.9 25.4
ESKD patients at 31st December 44136 42355 40627 38028 35106 32321 29400 26442 23790 21641 19430
% ≤24 4.9 4.9 4.9 5.0 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.4 5.7 5.8 5.9
% 25-34 9.3 9.2 9.2 9.2 9.3 9.3 9.3 9.4 9.5 9.4 9.7
% 35-44 14.0 14.0 14.0 14.0 14.0 14.1 14.2 14.4 14.9 15.2 15.6
% 45-54 24.7 25.0 25.2 25.4 25.6 25.9 26.0 26.2 26.0 26.0 26.1
% 55-64 27.9 27.9 27.9 27.7 27.4 27.1 26.9 26.6 26.2 25.6 25.2
% ≥ 65 19.2 18.9 18.7 18.8 18.6 18.4 18.4 18.0 17.7 18.0 17.6
 Figure 2.1.4(b): Age Distribution of Dialysis Patients 1969-
2018
(i) New Dialysis Patients (ii) ESKD Patients at 31st December

Age group 1-24 Years Age group 25-34 Years Age group 1-24 Years Age group 25-34 Years
Age group 35-44 Years Age group 45-54 Years Age group 35-44 Years Age group 45-54 Years
Age group 55-64 Years Age group >=65 Years Age group 55-64 Years Age group >=65 Years
100 100
90 90
Proportion of patients (%)

Proportion of patients (%)

80 80
70 70
60 60
50 50
40 40
30 30
20 20
10 10
0
0
1971
1973
1975

1979

1991

1999
2001
2003
2005
1969

1977

1981
1983
1985
1987
1989

1993
1995
1997

2007
2009
2011
2013
2015
2017

1975

1979

1983

1987

1999

2009
2011
2013
2015
1969
1971
1973

1977

1981

1985

1989
1991
1993
1995
1997

2001
2003
2005
2007

2017
1974
1976

1984

1994
1996

2000
2002
2004

2008
1970
1972

1978
1980
1982

1986
1988
1990
1992

1998

2006

2010
2012
2014
2016
2018

1976

1980
1982
1984
1986

2008

2012

2016
1970
1972
1974

1978

1988
1990
1992
1994
1996
1998
2000
2002
2004
2006

2010

2014

2018
(For actual numbers in Fig 2.1.4b, refer to Appendix T2.1.4b)
 Table 2.1.5: Method and Location of Dialysis Patients 2008-
2018
Year 2018 2017 2016 2015 2014 2013 2012 2011 2010 2009 2008
New Dialysis patients 8431 8031 8090 8037 7618 6994 6696 6037 5276 4923 4606
% Centre HD 85.3 85.3 87.2 85.2 86.3 88.1 88.2 89.2 89.2 88.2 86.9
% Home and office HD 0.1 0.6 0.4 0.7 0.6 0.7 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.8
% PD 14.6 14.1 12.4 14.1 13.1 11.2 11.3 10.2 10.2 11.1 12.4
ESKD patients at 31st December 44136 42355 40627 38028 35106 32321 29400 26442 23790 21641 19430
% Centre HD 89.1 89.2 89.4 89.2 89.8 90.3 90.4 90.9 90.7 90.3 90.0
% Home and office HD 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.9 0.9 1.0 1.0
% PD 10.3 10.1 9.8 10.0 9.4 8.9 8.8 8.3 8.4 8.7 9.0
 Proportion of patients (%)

100

10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90

0
1969
1970
1971
1972
1973
1974
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979 Centre HD
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
(i) New Dialysis Patients

1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
Home or Office HD

2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
PD

2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
2017
2018

Proportion of patients (%)

1969-2018

0
100

10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90

1969
1970
1971
1972
1973
1974
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
Centre HD

1980
(For actual numbers in Fig 2.1.5, refer to Appendix T2.1.5)

1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
(ii) ESKD Patients at 31st December

1996
1997
1998
1999
Home or Office HD

2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
Figure 2.1.5: Method and Location of Dialysis Patients

2007
2008
2009
PD

2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
2017
2018
 Table 2.1.6: Funding for Dialysis Treatment 2007-2016
Year 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016
New Dialysis patients 4104 4641 4954 5311 6074 6715 7036 7633 7967 7663
% by Government 56.7 57.4 60.2 59.4 60.3 57.7 55.8 55.6 56.2 61
% by Charity 10 10.7 11.4 10.9 11.8 11.1 14 12.6 12.9 10.5
% self funded 30.1 29.2 25.3 26.8 25.5 27.7 27.1 28.7 26.7 25.3
% Insurance 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8
% subsidized by Employer 2.3 1.8 1.8 1.4 1.6 1.7 1.5 1.7 1.7 1.6
% Others 0 0 0.1 0.1 0 0 0 0 0 0
% NA 0.5 0.3 0.7 1.1 0.4 1.2 1 0.9 1.7 0.8
Dialysing at 31st December 17097 19403 21610 23740 26373 29309 32201 34953 37729 39711
% by Government 55.8 60.8 63.6 65.8 66.6 65 65.4 65.1 65.7 67.1
% by Charity 13 10.9 11.6 12.6 12.7 12.9 13.3 14.1 14 13.2
% self funded 25 23.8 20 16.2 16 16.8 16.6 16.4 15.7 14.9
% Insurance 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.5
% subsidized by Employer 2.8 2.6 2.4 2 2.2 2.1 2 1.6 1.6 1.3
% Others 1.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.1 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.7
% NA 1.5 1.1 1.5 2.4 2 2.2 1.9 1.8 2 2.3

Note:
Funding from 2016 Data for the time being until further notice.
Table 2.1.6: Funding for Dialysis Treatment 1969-2018 (To be updated later)
 Figure 2.1.6: Funding for Dialysis Treatment 2007-2016
(i) New Dialysis Patients (ii) Dialysis Patients at 31st December

Government funded Charity Self funded Government funded Charity Self funded
Insurance Employer subsidy Others Insurance Employer subsidy Others
100 100

90 90

80 80

70 70
Proportion of patients

Proportion of patients
60 60

50 50

40 40

30 30

20 20

10 10

0 0
2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016
Year Year

Note:
Funding from 2016 Data for the time being until further notice.
Figure 2.1.6: Funding for Dialysis Treatment 1969-2018 (To be updated later)
 Table 2.1.7: Distribution of Dialysis Patients by Sector
2008-2018
Year 2018 2017 2016 2015 2014 2013 2012 2011 2010 2009 2008
New Dialysis patients 8431 8031 8090 8037 7618 6994 6696 6037 5276 4923 4606
% Government centre 27.1 28.8 31.3 31.3 29.1 28.3 28.6 29.0 28.5 30.1 32.2
% NGO centre 16.7 17.3 18.2 17.3 17.4 19.4 18.8 21.1 22.1 24.1 24.6
% Private centre 56.2 53.9 50.5 51.3 53.4 52.4 52.6 49.9 49.4 45.8 43.2
ESKD patients at 31st December 44136 42355 40627 38028 35106 32321 29400 26442 23790 21641 19430
% Government centre 30.0 30.7 31.1 31.0 30.7 30.7 31.4 31.8 32.9 34.3 35.5
% NGO centre 19.7 20.3 20.7 21.0 22.0 23.1 23.9 25.2 26.0 27.0 27.7
% Private centre 50.2 49.0 48.2 48.0 47.3 46.2 44.7 43.0 41.1 38.7 36.8
 Proportion of patients (%)

10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100

0
1969
1970
1971
1972
1973
1974
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981 Public Centre
1982
1983
1984
(i) New Dialysis Patients

1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
NGO Centre

1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
Private Centre

2015
2016
2017
2018

Proportion of patients (%)

100

0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
1969-2018

1969
1970
1971
1972
1973
1974
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
Public Centre

1982
1983
(For actual numbers in Fig 2.1.7, refer to Appendix T2.1.7)

1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
NGO Centre
(ii) ESKD Patients at 31st December

1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
Figure 2.1.7: Distribution of Dialysis Patients by Sector

2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
Private Centre

2015
2016
2017
2018
 Table 2.1.7(a): Distribution of Dialysis Patients by
Modality and Sector 2008-2018
Year 2018 2017 2016 2015 2014 2013 2012 2011 2010 2009 2008
New Dialysis patients 8431 8031 8090 8037 7618 6994 6696 6037 5276 4923 4606
% Public Centre 27.1 28.8 31.3 31.3 29.1 28.3 28.6 29 28.5 30.1 32.2
% HD Public Centre 12.7 14.9 19.0 17.3 16.3 17.2 17.5 19.1 18.6 19.2 20.1
% PD Public Centre 14.4 13.9 12.3 14.0 12.8 11.0 11.1 9.9 9.9 10.9 12.1
% NGO 16.7 17.3 18.2 17.3 17.4 19.4 18.8 21.1 22.1 24.1 24.6
% Private Centre 56.2 53.9 50.5 51.3 53.4 52.4 52.6 49.9 49.4 45.8 43.2
% HD Private Centre 56.0 53.7 50.3 51.2 53.2 52.2 52.4 49.6 49.1 45.6 43.0
%PD Private Centre 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.3
ESKD patients at 31st December 44136 42355 40627 38028 35106 32321 29400 26442 23790 21641 19430
% Public Centre 30.0 30.7 31.1 31.0 30.7 30.7 31.4 31.8 32.9 34.3 35.5
% HD Public Centre 19.8 20.7 21.4 21.1 21.4 21.9 22.7 23.7 24.7 25.8 26.7
% PD Public Centre 10.2 10.0 9.7 9.9 9.3 8.8 8.6 8.1 8.2 8.6 8.8
% NGO 19.7 20.3 20.7 21.0 22.0 23.1 23.9 25.2 26.0 27.0 27.7
% Private Centre 50.2 49.0 48.2 48.0 47.3 46.2 44.7 43.0 41.1 38.7 36.8
% HD Private Centre 50.1 48.9 48.1 47.9 47.2 46.1 44.6 42.8 40.9 38.5 36.6
%PD Private Centre 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.2
 Proportion of patients (%)

0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
1969
1970
1971
1972
1973
1974
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
PD Public Centre
HD Public Centre

1984
(i) New Dialysis Patients

1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
PD Private Centre
HD Private Centre

2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
2017
2018
HD NGO Centre

Proportion of patients (%)

100

0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90

1969
1970
1971
1972
1973
1974
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
PD Public Centre
HD Public Centre

1984
1985
(For actual numbers in Fig 2.1.7a, refer to Appendix T2.1.7a)

1986
1987
Modality and Sector 1969-2018

1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
(ii) ESKD Patients at 31st December

1999
2000
2001
PD Private Centre
HD Private Centre

2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
Figure 2.1.7(a): Distribution of Dialysis Patients by

2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
2017
2018
HD NGO Centre
 Table 2.1.8: Primary Renal Diseases for New Dialysis
Patients 2008-2018
Year 2018 2017 2016 2015 2014 2013 2012 2011 2010 2009 2008
New Dialysis patients 8431 8031 8090 8037 7618 6994 6696 6037 5276 4923 4606
% Unknown cause 2.6 4.8 8.0 11.9 11.9 12.5 19.3 24.8 24.3 23.6 23.3
% Diabetes Mellitus 69.2 69.2 69.9 66.5 66.1 66.6 62.8 60.6 61.4 61.0 60.0
% GN/SLE 1.6 1.9 2.4 2.7 2.7 3.0 2.8 3.0 3.2 3.5 3.4
% Polycystic kidney 0.3 0.2 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.7 0.5 0.6 0.8
% Obstructive Nephropathy 0.7 0.8 0.8 0.8 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 1.1 1.5 1.5
% Toxic Nephropathy 0.6 0.4 0.5 0.3 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.3 0.3
% Hypertension 21.8 20.6 16.8 16.2 16.3 15.3 12.2 8.7 8.8 8.7 9.7
% Others 3.2 2.1 1.3 1.2 1.0 0.9 0.8 0.9 0.6 0.9 0.9
Figure 2.1.8: Primary Renal Diseases for New Dialysis
Patients 1969-2018
Diabetes Mellitus Unknown Primary
Hypertension GN SLE
Toxic Nephropathy/Others Polycystic Kidney
Obstructive Nephropathy
100
Proportion of patients (%) 90
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
1975

1983

1989

1993

1997

2005
2007

2011
1969
1971
1973

1977
1979
1981

1985
1987

1991

1995

1999
2001
2003

2009

2013
2015
2017
1970
1972

1978
1980

1984

1988

1992
1994

2006
2008
1974
1976

1982

1986

1990

1996
1998
2000
2002
2004

2010
2012
2014
2016
2018
(For actual numbers in Fig 2.1.8, refer to Appendix T2.1.8)
 Table 2.2.1: Number and density of Dialysis, HD and PD
Centres in Malaysia by State and Sector, Year 2008-2018
Year 2018 2017 2016 2015 2014 2013 2012 2011 2010 2009 2008
Public Centres 231 230 230 228 228 228 228 227 227 226 222
NGO Centres 191 191 191 190 190 188 188 188 186 184 183
Private Centres 557 552 550 548 547 549 547 545 543 537 523
HD Centres                      
Public HD Centres 189 188 188 188 188 188 188 188 188 188 188
NGO HD Centres 191 191 191 190 190 188 188 188 186 184 183
Private HD Centres 548 543 541 540 538 538 535 532 529 523 509
PD Centres                      
Public PD Centres 42 42 42 40 40 40 40 39 39 38 34
NGO PD Centres NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA
Private PD Centres 9 9 9 8 9 11 12 13 14 14 14
 Number of Dialysis Centre

100
150
200
250
300
350
400
450
500
550
600
650
700
750
800
850
900
950
1,000

0
50
1969
1970
1971
1972
1973
1974
1975
1976
Public

1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
NGO

1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
Private

2000
(For actual numbers in Fig 2.2.1, refer to Appendix T2.2.1)

2001
2002
2003
Sector, 1969-2018

2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
2017
2018
Figure 2.2.1(a): Number of Dialysis Centre in Malaysia by
Figure 2.2.1(b): Number of HD and PD Centre in Malaysia
by Sector, 1969-2018
Public HD Private HD NGO HD
Public PD Private PD
1,000
950
900
850
800
Number of Dialysis Centre 750
700
650
600
550
500
450
400
350
300
250
200
150
100
50
0
1979
1981

1993
1995
1997

2001
2003

2009

2017
1969
1971
1973
1975
1977

1983
1985
1987
1989
1991

1999

2005
2007

2011
2013
2015
1972

1978
1980

1986
1988

2000
2002
2004

2008

2016
1970

1974
1976

1982
1984

1990
1992
1994
1996
1998

2006

2010
2012
2014

2018
(For actual numbers in Fig 2.2.1, refer to Appendix T2.2.1)
Table 2.2.2: Number and Prevalence Rate of Dialysis (HD+PD),
HD and PD Patients in Malaysia by State and Sector, 2008-2018
Year 2018 2017 2016 2015 2014 2013 2012 2011 2010 2009 2008
Dialysis patients, pmp
Public 409 406 409 387 358 334 314 290 274 266 250
NGO 269 268 272 262 256 252 239 230 216 209 195
Private 685 648 634 598 552 502 448 392 342 300 260
HD patients, pmp
Public 270 273 281 263 249 238 228 216 205 200 188
NGO 269 268 272 262 256 252 239 230 216 209 195
Private 684 647 633 598 551 501 447 391 341 299 258
PD patients, pmp
Public 139 133 128 123 109 95 86 74 69 66 62
NGO NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA
Private 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
 Prevalence Rate, per million population

0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
900
1,000
1,100
1,200
1,300
1,400

1969
1970
1971
1972
1973
1974
1975
1976
Public

1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
Private

1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
NGO

2000
2001
(For actual numbers in Fig 2.2.2, refer to Appendix T2.2.2)

2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
2017
2018
(HD+PD) Malaysia by Sector, 1969-2018
Figure 2.2.2(a): Prevalence Rate of Dialysis Patient
Figure 2.2.2(b): Prevalence Rate of HD and PD Patient in
Malaysia by Sector, 1969-2018
Public HD Private HD NGO HD
Public PD Private PD
1,400

Prevalence Rate, per million population

1,300
1,200
1,100
1,000
900
800
700
600
500
400
300
200
100
0
1973

1979
1981
1983
1985
1987

1991

1999
2001
2003
2005
2007
2009
2011
2013
2015
2017
1969
1971

1975
1977

1989

1993
1995
1997
1970
1972
1974
1976
1978
1980

1986
1988
1990
1992
1994
1996
1998

2004
2006

2010
2012
2014
2016
2018
1982
1984

2000
2002

2008
(For actual numbers in Fig 2.2.2, refer to Appendix T2.2.2)
Table 2.2.3: Distribution of Dialysis Patients by Modality
and Region 2008-2018
Year 2018 2017 2016 2015 2014 2013 2012 2011 2010 2009 2008
New Dialysis patients 8431 8031 8090 8037 7618 6994 6696 6037 5276 4923 4606
% West Coast 75.0 74.8 74.4 75.0 76.6 76.2 76.9 78.7 77.7 77.8 77.3
% East Coast 13.9 12.9 13.6 13.5 12.3 12.1 13.1 11.1 11.4 10.5 10.3
% East Msia 11.1 12.3 12.1 11.5 11.1 11.8 10.0 10.2 10.8 11.7 12.4
New HD patients 7200 6896 7086 6901 6621 6211 5937 5422 4739 4375 4037
% West Coast 64.2 64.7 65.8 65.0 67.0 67.9 68.1 70.6 69.4 69.1 67.7
% East Coast 11.6 10.4 11.1 10.7 10.0 10.5 11.1 9.9 10.7 8.9 8.5
% East Msia 9.6 10.8 10.7 10.1 9.9 10.5 9.4 9.3 9.8 10.9 11.4
New PD patients 1231 1135 1004 1136 997 783 759 615 537 548 569
% West Coast 10.8 10.1 8.6 10.0 9.6 8.3 8.7 8.1 8.3 8.7 9.6
% East Coast 2.3 2.5 2.4 2.8 2.3 1.6 2.0 1.2 0.8 1.6 1.8
% East Msia 1.5 1.5 1.4 1.3 1.2 1.3 0.6 0.9 1.1 0.9 1.0
Dialysing at 31st Dec 44136 42355 40627 38028 35106 32321 29400 26442 23790 21641 19430
% West Coast 74.9 75.3 75.9 76.4 76.9 77.4 77.8 78.3 78.3 78.7 79.0
% East Coast 12.4 12.1 12.0 11.9 11.6 11.3 11.2 10.6 10.4 10.1 9.9
% East Msia 12.7 12.6 12.2 11.8 11.5 11.3 11.1 11.2 11.3 11.3 11.1
HD Dialysing at 31st Dec 39593 38061 36638 34236 31798 29451 26827 24260 21793 19750 17677
% West Coast 67.4 67.9 68.6 68.9 69.8 70.5 70.9 71.7 71.8 72.0 72.1
% East Coast 10.7 10.4 10.4 10.3 10.2 10.1 9.9 9.5 9.3 8.7 8.5
% East Msia 11.6 11.6 11.2 10.9 10.6 10.5 10.4 10.5 10.6 10.6 10.3
PD Dialysing at 31st Dec 4543 4294 3989 3792 3308 2870 2573 2182 1997 1891 1753
% West Coast 7.6 7.5 7.3 7.5 7.2 6.9 6.9 6.5 6.5 6.7 6.9
% East Coast 1.6 1.7 1.6 1.6 1.4 1.2 1.2 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4
% East Msia 1.1 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.7
 Proportion of patients (%)

100

10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90

0
1969
1970
1971
1972
1973
1974
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
PD West Coast
HD West Coast

1983
(i) New Dialysis Patients

1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
PD East Coast
HD East Coast

2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
2017
PD East Msia
HD East Msia

2018

Proportion of patients (%)

10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90

0
100

1969
1970
1971
1972
1973
1974
1975
1976
1977
and Region 1969-2018

1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
(For actual numbers in Fig 2.2.3, refer to Appendix T2.2.3)
PD West Coast
HD West Coast

1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
(ii) ESKD Patients at 31st December

1998
1999
2000
PD East Coast
HD East Coast

2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
Figure 2.2.3: Distribution of Dialysis Patients by Modality

2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
2017
PD East Msia
HD East Msia

2018
 Table 2.2.3(a): Distribution of Dialysis Patients by
Modality and Region 2008-2018
Year 2018 2017 2016 2015 2014 2013 2012 2011 2010 2009 2008
New Dialysis patients 8431 8031 8090 8037 7618 6994 6696 6037 5276 4923 4607
% West Coast 75 74.8 74.4 75 76.6 76.2 76.9 78.7 77.7 77.8 77.3
% East Coast 13.9 12.9 13.6 13.5 12.3 12.1 13.1 11.1 11.4 10.5 10.3
% East Msia 11.1 12.3 12.1 11.5 11.1 11.8 10 10.2 10.8 11.7 12.4
New HD patients 7200 6896 7086 6901 6621 6211 5937 5422 4739 4375 4038
% West Coast 75.2 75.4 75.1 75.7 77.1 76.4 76.9 78.6 77.2 77.8 77.3
% East Coast 13.6 12.1 12.7 12.4 11.5 11.8 12.6 11 11.9 10 9.7
% East Msia 11.2 12.6 12.2 11.8 11.4 11.8 10.6 10.4 10.9 12.2 13.1
New PD patients 1231 1135 1004 1136 997 783 759 615 537 548 569
% West Coast 73.7 71.5 69.1 70.5 73.4 74.1 77.1 79.7 81.9 77.7 77.5
% East Coast 15.8 17.6 19.6 20 17.5 14.6 17.3 11.9 7.6 14.4 14.6
% East Msia 10.6 10.9 11.3 9.5 9.1 11.4 5.7 8.5 10.4 7.8 7.9
Dialysing at 31st Dec 44136 42355 40627 38028 35106 32321 29400 26442 23790 21641 19430
% West Coast 74.9 75.3 75.9 76.4 76.9 77.4 77.8 78.3 78.3 78.7 79
% East Coast 12.4 12.1 12 11.9 11.6 11.3 11.2 10.6 10.4 10.1 9.9
% East Msia 12.7 12.6 12.2 11.8 11.5 11.3 11.1 11.2 11.3 11.3 11.1
HD Dialysing at 31st Dec 39593 38061 36638 34236 31798 29451 26827 24260 21793 19750 17677
% West Coast 75.1 75.5 76.1 76.5 77 77.3 77.7 78.2 78.3 78.9 79.3
% East Coast 12 11.6 11.5 11.4 11.3 11.1 10.9 10.3 10.1 9.5 9.4
% East Msia 12.9 12.9 12.4 12.1 11.7 11.6 11.4 11.5 11.6 11.6 11.3
PD Dialysing at 31st Dec 4543 4294 3989 3792 3308 2870 2573 2182 1997 1891 1753
% West Coast 73.7 73.8 74.1 75.3 76.3 77.5 78.5 79.1 77.7 76.5 76.4
% East Coast 15.8 16.3 16.3 16 14.4 13.9 14.2 13.2 13.8 15.4 15.4
% East Msia 10.6 9.9 9.6 8.8 9.2 8.6 7.3 7.7 8.5 8.1 8.2

(For actual numbers refer to Appendix T2.2.3a)

 Table 2.2.4: Number and Prevalence Rate of Dialysis
Patients (HD & PD) in Malaysia by State and Sector, 2014-
State Sector Year 2014
2018
Year 2015 Year 2016 Year 2017 Year 2018 State Sector Year 2014 Year 2015 Year 2016 Year 2017 Year 2018
    N PMP N PMP N PMP N PMP N PMP     N PMP N PMP N PMP N PMP N PMP
Malaysia Public 10784 358 11791 387 12641 409 13008 406 13253 409 475 289 483 290 493 293 478 274 452 256
Private 16603 552 18245 598 19575 634 20763 648 22178 685 Public
  NGO 7719 256 7992 262 8411 272 8584 268 8705 269 Private 1487 904 1551 933 1681 1001 1726 988 1764 1001
Pulau Pinang
  Total 35106 1166 38028 1247 40627 1315 42355 1322 44136 1363   NGO 786 478 808 486 868 517 891 510 870 494
Johor Public 1018 290 1108 312 1195 333 1214 328 1234 329   Total 2748 1671 2842 1709 3042 1811 3095 1772 3086 1751
  Private 3091 879 3348 942 3642 1014 3969 1073 4167 1111 Public 1026 394 1113 422 1252 469 1367 494 1429 512
  NGO 1617 460 1666 469 1706 475 1709 462 1719 458 478 183 556 211 596 223 672 243 749 268
  Total 5726 1629 6122 1723 6543 1822 6892 1863 7120 1898 Sarawak Private
Kedah Public 756 369 805 389 856 408 885 412 884 409   NGO 816 313 898 341 944 354 988 357 1008 361
  Private 1285 628 1383 668 1501 715 1604 747 1712 791   Total 2320 890 2567 974 2792 1046 3027 1094 3186 1141
  NGO 338 165 371 179 421 201 424 198 462 214 Public 794 701 858 744 926 788 963 797 1014 826
  Total 2379 1162 2559 1236 2778 1324 2913 1357 3058 1414 Terengganu
Private 224 198 256 222 274 233 318 263 391 318
Kelantan Public 590 349 708 412 788 452 805 440 843 453  
  NGO 199 176 216 187 255 217 276 229 280 228
  Private 454 268 515 300 550 315 602 329 660 355
  NGO 125 74 137 80 148 85 169 92 194 104   Total 1217 1075 1330 1153 1455 1238 1557 1289 1685 1372
  Total 1169 691 1360 792 1486 852 1576 861 1697 912 Public 71 747 80 826 84 851 91 931 93 939
WP Labuan 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Melaka Public 325 377 338 387 355 402 332 363 334 362   Private
  Private 737 854 791 906 831 940 894 977 980 1062 NGO 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
   
NGO 187 217 198 227 220 249 224 245 232 252   Total 71 747 80 826 84 851 91 931 93 939
  Total 1249 1448 1327 1520 1406 1591 1450 1585 1546 1676
Public 470 434 545 496 622 559 676 605 697 621 Public 16 187 17 193 21 231 21 242 19 195
Negeri Sembilan Private 582 537 654 595 711 639 735 658 780 695 Private 18 211 21 238 22 242 26 299 29 298
WP Putrajaya
  NGO 586 541 580 528 578 519 583 522 599 533   NGO 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Total 1638 1512 1779 1619 1911 1717 1994 1785 2076 1849   Total 34 398 38 431 43 473 47 541 48 493
Pahang Public 781 489 833 513 870 527 880 534 894 537 Public 760 434 818 463 874 490 917 512 909 507
  Private 554 347 628 387 686 416 745 452 834 501
  NGO 340 213 356 219 372 226 356 216 350 210 Private 1337 764 1490 843 1592 892 1663 928 1765 985
WP Kuala
  Total 1675 1049 1817 1119 1928 1169 1981 1202 2078 1248 Lumpur NGO 771 441 771 436 828 464 825 461 792 442
Perak Public 871 355 989 399 1036 414 1028 412 1038 415   Total 2868 1639 3079 1742 3294 1846 3405 1901 3466 1934
  Private 2016 821 2243 905 2348 939 2427 972 2576 1029 Public 1553 268 1701 290 1725 290 1753 275 1760 272
  NGO 515 210 530 214 531 212 543 218 553 221 Selangor 3995 689 4381 746 4648 782 4815 755 5153 796
  Private
  Total 3402 1386 3762 1518 3915 1565 3998 1602 4167 1665
Perlis Public 105 431 106 431 100 402 94 373 89 351   NGO 1183 204 1206 205 1268 213 1290 202 1326 205
  Private 82 337 100 407 100 402 110 436 119 469   Total 6731 1161 7288 1241 7641 1285 7858 1232 8239 1273
  NGO 50 205 45 183 47 189 57 226 60 237 Public 1173 337 1289 364 1444 401 1504 389 1564 401
  Total 237 973 251 1021 247 993 261 1035 268 1057 Sabah
Private 263 75 328 93 393 109 457 118 499 128
 
  NGO 206 59 210 59 225 62 249 64 260 67
  Total 1642 471 1827 516 2062 572 2210 571 2323 596

(For actual numbers refer to Appendix T2.2.2)