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    Assignment: Gollis University

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    Abdikaffi omar
    Louis Pasteur was a famous French biologist who made many important contributions to microbiology. Through experiments like his Swan Necked Flask experiment, he disproved the theory of spontaneous generation and proved that microorganisms can only come from other living cells. He developed vaccinations for anthrax and rabies by growing pathogens in animals and weakening their virulence. Pasteur also discovered the process of pasteurization to kill microbes in foods like milk and beer. His work helped establish the germ theory of disease. Bioterrorism involves the intentional release of biological agents like bacteria, viruses or toxins to cause harm, illness or economic damage.

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    Assignment: Gollis University

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    Louis Pasteur was a famous French biologist who made many important contributions to microbiology. Through experiments like his Swan Necked Flask experiment, he disproved the theory of spontaneous generation and proved that microorganisms can only come from other living cells. He developed vaccinations for anthrax and rabies by growing pathogens in animals and weakening their virulence. Pasteur also discovered the process of pasteurization to kill microbes in foods like milk and beer. His work helped establish the germ theory of disease. Bioterrorism involves the intentional release of biological agents like bacteria, viruses or toxins to cause harm, illness or economic damage.

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    Louis Pasteur was a famous French biologist who made many important contributions to microbiology. Through experiments like his Swan Necked Flask experiment, he disproved the theory of spontaneous generation and proved that microorganisms can only come from other living cells. He developed vaccinations for anthrax and rabies by growing pathogens in animals and weakening their virulence. Pasteur also discovered the process of pasteurization to kill microbes in foods like milk and beer. His work helped establish the germ theory of disease. Bioterrorism involves the intentional release of biological agents like bacteria, viruses or toxins to cause harm, illness or economic damage.

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    80 views11 pages

    Assignment: Gollis University

    Uploaded by

    Abdikaffi omar
    Louis Pasteur was a famous French biologist who made many important contributions to microbiology. Through experiments like his Swan Necked Flask experiment, he disproved the theory of spontaneous generation and proved that microorganisms can only come from other living cells. He developed vaccinations for anthrax and rabies by growing pathogens in animals and weakening their virulence. Pasteur also discovered the process of pasteurization to kill microbes in foods like milk and beer. His work helped establish the germ theory of disease. Bioterrorism involves the intentional release of biological agents like bacteria, viruses or toxins to cause harm, illness or economic damage.

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    z Assignment

    GOLLIS UNIVERSITY
    content

    .1 Louis Pasteur………………………………………………………………………………….1
    • 2 Contribution of Louis Pasteur …………………………………………………... 2

    • 3bioterrorism…………………………………………………………………………………..3
    • 4what does bioterrorism work…………………………………………………………4
    • 5what couses bioterrorism………………………………………………………………5
    Louis Pasteur

    Louis Pasteur is well known for his contribution in


    microbiology such as development of antrax vaccination,
    microbial fermentation, germ theory of disease and
    pasteurization.
    Pasteur was a famous French biologist, microbiologist, and
    chemist.
    He was born on December 27, 1822, in Dole, located in the
    Jura region of France.
    Pasteur died at the age of 72 on September 28, 1895
    Contribution of Louis Pasteur
    • Spontaneous generation: At the earlier people were believed in
    spontaneous generation theory, that living cells were generated from
    nonliving cells. Pasteur believed in biogenesis theory means, living cells
    were generated from living material rather than nonliving materials.
    Pasteur disproved the spontaneous generation theory by his Swan Necked
    Flask experiment.
    • Crystallography: In earlier Pasteur was a chemist. During his doctoral
    dissertation, he work as a laboratory assistant at the École Normale.
    During this time he investigates that the ability of certain crystals or
    solutions to rotate plane-polarized light clockwise or counterclockwise,
    that is, to exhibit “optical activity.” Pasteur was able to exhibit that in some
    cases this activity related to the shape of the crystals of a compound.
    • Fermentation:  In the earliest time people believe that the fermentation
    process is conducted by a series of chemical reactions. In 1854, while he was
    working at Lille, Pasteur investigate fermentation processes and he noticed
    that the fermentation processes are carried out by a living microorganism. 
    • Pasteurization: To prevent the souring of wine or to fight against the
    “diseases” of wine he discovered the Pasteurization Processes. He noticed
    that the spoiling beverages, such as beer, wine, and milk is caused by some
    unwanted microorganisms. So, he invented a process in which the
    microorganisms could be destroyed by heating the wine between 60° and
    100°C temperature.
    • Germ Theory of Diseases: Pasteur and a minority of other scientists believed
    that diseases were caused by microorganisms—germ theory. Later he
    proved this theory by investigating the causes of silkworm disease.
    • Anthrax vaccine:  In 1881, Louis Pasteurpulically announced that he
    successfully discovered the vaccine of anthrax.
    • Rabies: Louis Pasteur first produced the vaccine of rabies virus. He
    produced it by growing it in rabbits, and then weakening it by drying the
    affected nerve tissue.
    • Chicken cholera: In 1879, Pasteur inoculate the culture of chicken cholera
    with a healthy chicken to infect them, but the chickens were survived.
    Later he inoculated this chicken with a virulent strain of the same culture,
    this time he noticed that they were immune to it. From this experiment
    he discovered that he could not infect them, even with fresh bacteria; the
    weakened bacteria had caused the chickens to become immune to the
    disease, though they had caused only mild symptoms.
    The Swan Necked Flask experiment of  Louis Pasteur
    • He designed several bottles with S-curved necks or also known as gooseneck flask, which
    were oriented downward so gravity would prevent access by airborne foreign materials.
    • Then he placed nutrient-enriched broth in one goose-neck bottle.
    • Then he boiled the broth inside the bottle and kept it for one year in sealed condition.
    • After one year he observed no life in the jar.
    • Then he broke the top portion of the goose-neck bottle and directly exposed to the air.
    • After a few days, heHe noticed that no life forms were observed in the broth until this
    obstacle was removed from the bottle, because air born particles and dust were trapped
    in the S-shaped neck of the bottle.
    • He confirmed that the contamination came from life-forms in the air. From this
    experiment, he disproves the spontaneous generation theory observed that the broth has
    contains life.
    BIOTERRORISM

    • Bioterrorism is terrorism involving the intentional release or


    dissemination of biological agents. These agents are bacteria, viruses,
    insects, fungi, or toxins, and may be in a naturally occurring or a
    human-modified form, in much the same way in biological warfare.
    Further, modern agribusiness is vulnerable to anti-agricultural attacks
    by terrorists, and such attacks can seriously damage economy as well
    as consumer confidence. The later destructive activity is called
    agrobioterrorism and is subtype of agro-terrorism.

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