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Plant Form and Function

The document discusses plant form and function, describing what defines plants including cellulose, photosynthesis, and serving as the base of the food chain. It outlines different types of plants based on features like vascularity, flowering, habitat, and hardiness. Plant parts like roots, stems, leaves, flowers, fruits, and seeds are described in terms of their diversity and functions. Key events in plant and animal evolution are noted, as are factors that affect plant growth and possible outcomes for plant tissue.

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Sonia Kaur
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116 views7 pages

Plant Form and Function

The document discusses plant form and function, describing what defines plants including cellulose, photosynthesis, and serving as the base of the food chain. It outlines different types of plants based on features like vascularity, flowering, habitat, and hardiness. Plant parts like roots, stems, leaves, flowers, fruits, and seeds are described in terms of their diversity and functions. Key events in plant and animal evolution are noted, as are factors that affect plant growth and possible outcomes for plant tissue.

Uploaded by

Sonia Kaur
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Plant Form and Function

Reading assignment:
Please review all
pages in the resource
packet marked for
this topic after
viewing this
Powerpoint.
Plants on a Biological Level

All living things exhibit structure, growth, metabolism,


reproduction, response to stimuli, and contain DNA

What makes a Plant a Plant?


 Cellulose
 Autotrophic
 Photosynthetic
 Chlorophyll and other pigments absorb sunlight
 Vacuoles
 Transform CO2 and H2O into glucose and O2
 Base of the Food Chain/Food web
 Serve as habitat
Types of plants on the Earth Today

 Vascular vs. Non-vascular


 Flowering vs. Non-Flowering
 Terrestrial vs. Epiphytic vs. Aquatic
 Woody vs. Herbaceous
 Deciduous vs. Evergreen
 Hardy vs. Non-Hardy
 Perennials vs. Annuals
 Monoecious vs. Dioecious
Plant Parts – Diversity in Forms

 Roots
• Usually underground, anchors plant, absorbs water and nutrients
 Stems
• Usually above ground, suspends leaves, transports water and nutrients
 Leaves
• Usually photosynthetic, many shapes, exchange gases O2 and CO2
 Flowers
• Only in angiosperms, plant reproduction, can have both male and female
parts or only one gender
 Fruits
• Result of angiosperm reproduction, a seed-bearing structure, can be
fleshy or dry
 Seeds
• Contains a plant embryo and a food source for the embryo
Evolution of Plants and Animals

Plants Animals
2.8 billion years ago – cyanobacteria 65 million years ago – mammals flourishing
1 billion years ago – algae 3 million years ago – human race
320 million years ago – conifers 250,000 years ago – Homo sapiens
120 million years ago – angiosperms 18,000 years ago – hunter gatherers
(flowering plants) 10,000 years ago – plant cultivation

 It is estimated that there are 300,000 edible plants


 Historically humans have eaten some 2,500 plant species
 Today’s modern commerce focuses on 150 plant species
 20 plant species have been highly modified by humans
Factors Affecting Plant Growth

1.Light
2.Carbon dioxide
3.Water
4.Temperature
5.Minerals
6.Oxygen
7.Soil Reaction
8.Pests
9.Chemical and environmental pollution
10.Plant Growth regulators
Four things that can Happen to Healthy Plant tissue

1.Chlorosis: leaves turn yellow due to loss of


chlorophyll
2.Necrosis: plant parts turn brown and are
dead
3.Hypertrophy: overgrowth of a plant part,
usually due to disease and/or insect
infestation.
4.Hypotrophy: disintegration of plant tissue,
usually due to low temperatures, disease,
insects.

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