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Details Syllabus: Electricity and Magnetism

The document outlines the topics covered in the syllabus for Electricity and Magnetism. It includes: 1) Concepts of electricity such as electric charges, Coulomb's law, electric fields, electric potential, capacitors, current, resistance, and electromagnetic induction. 2) Magnetic properties of materials including magnetization curves. 3) Recommended reference books for the course: Physics Part-II by Resnick & Halliday and books on Electricity & Magnetism by Tewari and Rafiqullah.

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M HASIN ISHMAM JEET
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119 views25 pages

Details Syllabus: Electricity and Magnetism

The document outlines the topics covered in the syllabus for Electricity and Magnetism. It includes: 1) Concepts of electricity such as electric charges, Coulomb's law, electric fields, electric potential, capacitors, current, resistance, and electromagnetic induction. 2) Magnetic properties of materials including magnetization curves. 3) Recommended reference books for the course: Physics Part-II by Resnick & Halliday and books on Electricity & Magnetism by Tewari and Rafiqullah.

Uploaded by

M HASIN ISHMAM JEET
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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DETAILS SYLLABUS

ELECTRICITY AND MAGNETISM


Electricity: electric charges and Coulomb’s law. The
electric field: calculation of the electric flux and Gauss’
law; some application of Gauss’ law, electric potential,
relation between electric potential and electric-field;
capacitors: Capacitance, dielectrics and atomic view,
dielectric and Gauss’ law; Current and resistances:
current density, ohm’s law, resistivity-an atomic view,
Ampere’s law, Faraday’s law; Lenz’s law, self-inductance
and mutual inductance.
Magnetic properties of matter: Magnetomotive force,
magnetic field intensity, permeability, susceptibility;
classification of magnetic materials, magnetization
curves.
ELECTRICITY &
MAGNETISM

Reference Book:
 Physics Part-II Resnick & Halliday
 Electricity & Magnetism K K Tewari
 Electricity & Magnetism A K Rafiqullah
HISTORICAL BACKGROUND

If we rub one body on the surface of other body,


then two bodies will get new property and bodies
are said to be electrically charged.

.
HISTORICAL BACKGROUND

Greek Philosopher Thales, as early as 600 B. C.


discovered that the rubbed amber got the power
of attraction. Amber is one kind of resin. The
Greek name of amber is “Electron”.

Then the amber is said to have been electrified


or acquired an electric charge. The mysterious
agency due to which it acquires this property is
known as electricity.
ELECTRIC CHARGE
Electric charge is the physical property of matter
that causes it to experience a force when placed
in an electromagnetic field. There are two types
of electric charges; positive and negative.

Like charges repel and unlike attract. An object


with an absence of net charge is referred to as
neutral.
CLASSIFICATION OF SOLID
ELECTRIC FIELD

• When a charged body is placed in space or any


surface then the influenced area around the
charged body in which other charges are either
repelled or attracted by an electric force is known
as electric field.
ELECTRIC FIELD

• Considering a positive charge q1, it will set


up a field around it. Now bring other small
charge q2 called test charge into q1’s
vicinity. We can calculate the resulting
force F on q2 by Coulomb’s law
q1 q 2
F 
4  0 r 2
ELECTRIC FIELD LINES
• Electric field lines always extend from a
positively charged object to a negatively
charged object, from a positively charged
object to infinity, or from infinity to a
negatively charged object

• Electric field lines never cross each other


ELECTRIC FIELD LINES

• Electric field lines are most dense around


objects with the greatest amount of charge
ELECTRIC FIELD LINES
Electric Flux
Flux is a property of any vector field; it refers to a
hypothetical surface in the field which may be
closed or open. For close surface we shall see that
is positive if the lines of force point outward
everywhere and negative if thy point inward.
COULOMB’S LAW
• When two charges are placed at a distance
apart, a force of attraction or repulsion exist
between them. This force is known as
Coulomb’s force. The Coulomb force
depends on the following factors:

  Quantity of charges
Distance between charges
Nature of the medium in which the charges
are placed
COULOMB’S LAW
• In 1785, French physicist Charles Augustin
de Coulomb first deduced a law relating to
the force of attraction or repulsion between
charges. This law according to him is called
Coulomb’s law. Coulomb's law or Coulomb's
inverse-square law, is a law of physics
describing the electrostatic interaction
between electrically charged particles.

 
COULOMB’S LAW
• Coulomb’s law states that, the force between
two point charges at rest is directly
proportional to the product of the magnitude
of the charges and is inversely proportional
to the square of the distance between them.
This is also called inverse square law.  
• This force (F) acting simultaneously on point
charges q1 and q2, is given by

 
q1q2
FK 2
r
VECTOR REPRESENTATION OF COULOMB’S LAW
Coulomb’s law , i.e, F = q1q2/4πε0r2
q1 q2
r

Force on q2 due to q1 is given by


Hence the force on q1 due to q2 is given by

-----------------(I)

-----------------(II)

So, we can say Equa. (II) & (III) are the vector representation
of Coulomb’s law.
ELECTRIC POTENTIAL

The work is done for carrying a unit positive


charge from infinite to any point in an electric field
is called electric potential.

Suppose we have two points A and B in an


electric field, move a test charge q0 from A to B
and if the work done by the agent moving the
charge is Wab, then electric potential difference is
defined as,
VB – VA = WAB / q0
POTENTIAL DUE TO POINT CHARGE

E . dl = E dl Cos 1800 = - E dl
Since the direction r is measured from charge
i.e, right and dl is measured toward B i.e, left.
Hence,
dl = - dr
According to Equation the
potential difference is given by
VB – VA = -
Where rA and rB are the distance of the
points A and B from the point charge. But,

Therefore,

Therefore, VB – VA

If A is situated at infinity and potential, there


be zero. i.e, rA then, VA =0, then potential
at B if denoted by V,
ELECTRIC DIPOLE

If two electric point charges q of equal


magnitude but opposite in sign be placed at a
short distance apart, then this configuration is
called an electric dipole. Hydrogen atom is an
example of a electric dipole.
ELECTRIC FIELD DUE TO AN ELECTRIC DIPOLE
GAUSS’S LAW
GAUSS’S LAW
GAUSS’S LAW

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