WELCOME TO ALL
KANCHI PALLAVAN
ENGINEERING COLLEGE
DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL AND
ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING
BATCH MEMBERS
NAME REG.NO
ANANDA PRAKASH S 52007105302
KALIRAJ S 52007105315
SRIDHAR J 52007105337
THAMIN ANSARI U 52007105341
PROJECT GUIDE
MISS.A.REKHA.B.E.,
PROJECT TITLE
BIDIRECTIONAL TORQUE
CONTROL OF DC
MOTOR
INTRODUCTION
In many industrial applications there is very heavy change
in the load connected to a motor.
This makes the motor to operate at varying torques when the
speed has to be maintained constant and in varying
directions.
This necessitates to design a automatic bidirectional torque
control system for varying load conditions.
The selected speed must be maintained constantly
irrespective of the load or the torque changes.
BLOCK DIAGRAM Motor Power
Supply
PC
TOPTO Rectifier and
ISOLATOR power
Circuit
PC Interface H Bridge
Driver Bidirectional
H- Bridge
H Bridge Drive
Driver
High Speed Controller
OPTO
ISOLATOR DC MOTOR
User Feed Back
Indications SENSOR
Power supply
5V (to all
components)
MICROCONTROLLER PERIPHERAL
FEATURES
Timer0: 8-bit timer/counter
Timer1: 16-bit timer/counter
Timer2: 8-bit timer/counter
Two PWM modules
SPI™ and I2C™
Universal Synchronous Asynchronous Receiver
Transmitter (USART)
Parallel Slave Port (PSP)
10-bit, up to 8 channel Analog-to-Digital Converter
(A/D)
PIN DIAGRAM
MICROCONTROLLER PROGRAM
DEVELOPMENT
MPLAB IDE is used in the project.
It is a integrated software tools for performing the various
stages of program development, Namely:
Program entry.
Program compilation.
Simulation.
Programming the code to the microcontroller memory.
It is a free software provided by Microchip, the manufacturers
of PIC Controllers.
Its is a single tools for all pic controllers.
CIRCUIT DIAGRAM
PCB DESIGN
EAGLE (Easily Applicable Graphical Layout Editor) is used
for PCB design.
Maximum drawing area 1.6 x 1.6m (64 x 64 inch)
up to 16 signal layers.
conventional and SMT parts.
comes with a full set of part libraries.
Easily create your own parts with the fully integrated library
editor.
undo/redo function for any editing command, to any depth.
SCHEMATIC DESIGN
OrCAD is a EDA (Electronic design automation) software.
OrCAD capture is used for schematic design.
It has in built libraries for various components used in the
project.
If required the schematic can be directly be simulated using
PSPICE which is also a part of the OrCAD software.
H-BRIDGE DRIVER
H- bridge driver circuitry is low power transistors(BC547)
that source required current to the high power transistors in
the hi power motor drive.
They form a part of the Darlington pair pf transistors.
It gets signals from the Opto isolator and gives it the high
power motor drive circuitry.
We need two transistors for each pair of high power drive
circuitry.
H-BRIDGE MOTOR DRIVE
H-bridge is used for direction changing of the motor.
DC motors have polarity and direction of rotation depends on
direction of current.
Hence for bi-directional motor rotation a H bridge drive is
used.
The project uses four high power transistors(TIP122) for
implementing bidirectional H bridge drive.
RS 232 INTERFACE/PC INTERFACE
The serial port of the computer uses RS232 standard for
communication.
RS232 standard voltages are not compatible with
conventional TTL / CMOS circuits.
Hence IC MAX232 is used for voltage conversion between
RS232 port and the microcontroller.
MAX232 enables full duplex communications, while doing
the necessary voltage conversions.
PWM SIGNALS
In this project the DC motor is controlled by controlling the
voltage which is by using the PWM principle.
In this concept the current through the DC motor is
controlled by varying the voltage using PWM signals given
to the DC motor .
The PWM signal is generated by the microcontroller and is
fed to the motor.
Two channel PWM signals are generated for two directions.
FEEDBACK SENSOR
An optical switch is used as a feed back sensor. Here
MOC7811 is used.
It has a IR transmitter and a photo transistor attached to it. It
gives the pulse output of the speed.
The load applied to the motor is roughly calculated by the
microcontroller automatically using this speed sensor.
It helps to maintain the speed and also control the torque
depending upon the load.
PC APPLICATION
on the PC in the labview based virtual instrumention
application is developed.
The application will be used to receive the information from
the sensor and also to perform control operations depending
upon the power requirement of the load.
Labview is an advanced measurement and automation
software and is used to provied a graphical user interface for
easy information presentation
HARDWARE COMPONENT
PIC 16F877A microcontroller
Max232 for PC interface
H bridge drive for motor drives
Permanent magnet DC motor
Speed Sensor for feedback
SOFTWARE TOOLS
MP Lab IDE for PIC programming.
Orcad 16 for schematic design.
Eagle layout Editor for PCB design.
Labview for virtual instrumentation based control
interface on a computer.
THANK YOU!!!
