What is DAQ System?

The building blocks of a DAQ system includes:

1. Transducer: A device that converts a physical things such as light, temperature,

pressure, or sound into a measurable electrical signal such as voltage or current.

2. Signal: The output of the transducer.

3. Signal conditioning: Hardware that you can connect to the DAQ device to make
the signal suitable for measurement or to improve accuracy or reduce noise.

4. DAQ hardware: Hardware you use to acquire and measure data.

5. Software: NI application software is designed to help you easily design and

program your measurement and control application (LABVIEW).

1
 Which DAQ Hardware device to use?
The trade-off usually falls between

1- Resolution (# of bits)

2- Sampling rate (samples/second)

3- Number of channels (inputs, outputs, digital

or analog)

2
 Resolution
• Precision of the analog to digital conversion
process is dependent upon the number (n) of
bits the ADC of the DAQ uses.

• The higher the resolution, the higher the number

of divisions the voltage range is broken into
(2^n), and therefore, the smaller the detectable
voltage changes.

3
 Resolution
• An 3 bit ADC gives 8 levels (2^3) compared to a 16
bit ADC that has 65536 levels (2^16).
16-Bit versus 3-Bit Resolution
(5 kHz Sine Wave)
10.00
111
8.75
110 16-bit
7.50
101
6.25
3-bit
Amplitude 100
5.00
(Volts) 011
3.75
010
2.50
001
1.25
000
0 | | | | |
0 50 100 150 200
Time (ms)
4
 Sampling Rate
• The data is acquired by an ADC using a process called
sampling.
• Sampling an analog signal occurs at discrete time
intervals.
• The rate at which the signal is sampled is known as
the sampling frequency.

5
 Sampling Rate
• The sampling frequency determines the quality of the analog signal
conversion process.

• A Higher sampling frequency achieves better conversion of the analog

signals.

• The minimum sampling frequency required to represent the signal should

be at least twice the maximum frequency of the analog signal under test
(this is called the Nyquist rate).

• If the sampling frequency is equal or less than twice the frequency of the
input signal, a signal of lower frequency is generated from such a process
(this is called aliasing).

6
 Sampling Rate
• For accurate frequency representation:
– Sample at least 2x the highest frequency signal
being measured.

• For accurate shape representation:

– Sample 5–10x the highest frequency signal being
measured.

7
Sampling Rate

8
 DAQ Device Properties?
DAQ devices have :

• Analog input (AI)

• Analog output (AO)
• Digital I/O (DIO)
• Counter/Timers
A counter is a digital timing device used for frequency and period measurement.

9
 DAQ Device Available in the Lab.
Low-Cost Multifunction DAQ for USB NI USB-
6008
• Small and portable
• 12-bit input resolution, at 10 kS/s
• Built-in connectors for connectivity
• 2 analog outputs (range 0 to 5 V)
• 12 digital I/O lines
• 8 single ended inputs (4 differential inputs)
• Input range ±1 to ±20V
• The NI USB-6008 and NI is ideal for students.
• 5 mA Output current drive

Around KD. 50

10
 DAQ Device Available in the Lab.
• NI USB-6008 Pinout

11
 Similar DAQ.
Low-Cost Multifunction DAQ for USB
NI USB-6009

14-bit input resolution, at 48 kS/s

12
 DAQ Device Available in the Lab.
M Series Multifunction DAQ NI USB-6211
• 16 analog inputs single ended inputs (8 differential inputs);
(16-bit, 250 kS/s); Input range ±10 V
• 2 analog outputs (16-bit, 250 kS/s); Output range ±10 V
• 4 digital inputs
• 4 digital outputs
• Two 32-bit counters
• Output current drive ±2 mA
KD 210

13
 DAQ Device Available in the Lab.

NI USB-6211 Pinout

14
 DAQ Device Available in the Lab.
M Series Multifunction DAQ NI USB-6259
• 32 analog inputs (16-bit); 1.25 MS/s single-channel (1
MS/s aggregate) Input range ±10 V
• 4 analog outputs (16-bit, 2.8 MS/s) output range ±10
V
• 48 digital I/O KD 510

• Two 32-bit counters

• OUTPUT Current Drive is
(Channel/Total)5 mA/20 mA

15
DAQ Device Available in the Lab.

NI USB-6259 Pinout

16
 How to Use the DAQ.
• Next, Open a Blank VI.
• Select,
Functions
>>Express
>>Input
>>DAQ
Assistant

17
 Configure the DAQ Assistant

Select Acquire Signal to input signal to computer

Or select Generate Signal to output signal from computer

18
Select Acquire Signal

Select Analog input

19
 Acquire Signal

Select Voltage

20
 Acquire Signal

All connected DAQs to the

computer will be shown
Select USB-6211 and expand it by
clicking +

21
 Acquire Signal

All analog inputs will be shown

22
 Acquire Signal

Select ai0 for example and

click finish

23
 Acquire Signal

Configure the input by”

1- set the range
2- set the Terminal Configuration
3- set the Acquisition Mode

24
Connection of Acquired Signal

25
 Finish the Acquired Signal

Click OK

26
Finish the Acquired Signal

27
If Generate Signal is Selected

Select Analog Output

28
Generate Signal

Select Voltage

29
 Generate Signal

All connected DAQs to the

computer will be shown
Select USB-6211 and expand it by
clicking +

30
 Generate Signal

All analog outputs will be shown

Select ao0 for example and

click finish

31
Generate Signal

32
Generate Signal

33