Associate Professor Media and Communication Department: Al Ryanne G. Gatcho, PHD

Al Ryanne G.
Gatcho, PhD
Associate Professor
Media and Communication Department
Contents
• What is Communication
• Process of Communication
• Types of Communication
• Levels of Communication
• Communication Barriers
• Tools of Effective
Communication
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is
what ??
It is a process of exchanging –
 Information
 Ideas
 Thoughts
 Feelings
Emotions
Through –
 Speech
 Signals
 Writing
 Behavior
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Process of
Sender Encoding
Channel Noise Message
Feedback Barrier
Channel
Decoding
Receiver
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Types of
People communicate with each other in a number of ways
that depend upon the message and its context in which it
is being sent.
Types of communication based on the communication

channels used are –
 Verbal Communication
 Nonverbal Communication
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Verbal
 It refers to the form of communication in which message
is transmitted verbally.
 Communication is done by word of mouth and a piece of
writing.
 In verbal communication remember the acronym “KISS”
(keep it short and simple).
Verbal Communication is divided into:

 Oral Communication
 Written Communication
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Oral
 In oral communication, Spoken words are used.
 It includes face-to-face
conversations, speech, telephonic
conversation, video, radio,
television, voice over
internet.
 Communication is influence by
pitch, volume, speed and clarity
of speaking.
 Advantages –
It brings quick feedback.
In a face-to-face conversation, by reading facial
expression and body language one can guess
whether he/she should trust what’s being said
or not.
 Disadvantages –
In face-to-face discussion, user is unable to deeply
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think about what he is delivering, so this can be 7
Written
 In written communication, written signs or symbols

are used to communicate.
 In written communication message can be
transmitted via email, letter, report, memo etc.
 Written Communication is most common form
of
communication being used in business.
 Advantages –
Messages can be edited and revised
Written communication provide record and backup.
A written message enables receiver to fully
understand it and send appropriate feedback.
 Disadvantages –
Written communication doesn’t bring instant
feedback. It take more time in composing a written
message as compared to word-of-mouth and
10/3/2013 1:41:04 AM number of people struggles for writing ability. 8
Nonverbal
• Nonverbal communication is the sending
or receiving of wordless messages. Such
as gesture, body language, posture,
tone of voice or facial expressions, is
called nonverbal communication.
• Nonverbal communication is all about
the body language of speaker.
Nonverbal communication have the

following three elements –
• Appearance
Speaker –
clothing, hairstyle, neatness, use of
cosmetics
Surrounding – room
size, lighting, decorations,
furnishings
• Body Language
facial expressions, gestures,
postures
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• Sounds
Levels of
• Intrapersonal Communication is
communication that occurs in your own mind. It
is the basis of your
feelings, biases, prejudices, and beliefs.
– Examples are when you make any kind of
decision – what to eat or wear. When you
think about something – what you want to
do on the weekend or when you think
about another person.
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• Interpersonal communication is the
communication between two people but can
involve more in informal conversations.
– Examples are when you are talking to your
friends. A teacher and student discussing an
assignment. A patient and a doctor
discussing a treatment. A manager and a
potential employee during an interview.
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• Small Group communication is communication within formal or
informal
groups or teams. It is group interaction that results in decision
making, problem solving and discussion within an organization.
– Examples would be a group planning a surprise birthday party for
someone. A team working together on a project.
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• One-to-group communication involves a speaker who seeks to
inform, persuade or motivate an audience.
– Examples are a teacher and a class of students. A preacher and a
congregation. A speaker and an assembly of people in the auditorium.
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• Mass communication is the
electronic or print transmission
of messages to the general
public. Outlets called mass
media include things like
radio, television, film, and
printed materials designed to
reach large audiences.
– A television commercial. A
magazine article. Hearing a song on
the radio.
Books, Newspapers, Billboards. The
key is that you are reaching a large
amount of people without it being
face to face. Feedback is generally
delayed with mass communication.
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Barriers of
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• 2. Perceptual barriers
• 1. Physical barriers
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• 3. Emotional barriers • 4. Cultural barriers
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• 5. Language barriers • 6. Gender barriers
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7. Interpersonal barriers
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How to Overcome Barriers of
• Taking the receiver more seriously

• Crystal clear message
• Delivering messages skilfully
• Focusing on the receiver
• Using multiple channels to communicate instead of
relying on one channel
• Ensuring appropriate feedback
• Be aware of your own state of
mind/emotions/attitude
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Tools of effective
• Be Brief
• Manners
• Using “I”
• Be Positive
• Good listener
• Spice up your
words
• Clarity
• Pronunciation
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MBA, 1st Semester
2013-2015 Batch
iLEAD, Kolkata
10/3/2013 1:41:04 AM West Bengal University of 22

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Al Ryanne G.

Channel Noise Message

Types of communication based on the communication

Verbal Communication is divided into:

 In written communication, written signs or symbols

Nonverbal communication have the

• Taking the receiver more seriously

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