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    Nervous System

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    Norleen Rose S. Aguilar
    The document discusses the physiological basis of behavior by describing the nervous system and its major components. It notes that the nervous system controls all bodily activities and responses, and is made up of neurons. It then describes the central nervous system as controlling the body's activities, and the peripheral nervous system as connecting receptors and effectors. Finally, it summarizes the major divisions of the brain - forebrain, midbrain, and hindbrain - and briefly outlines some of their functions in processing sensory information and linking the brain and body.

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    Nervous System

    Uploaded by

    Norleen Rose S. Aguilar
    51 views22 pages
    The document discusses the physiological basis of behavior by describing the nervous system and its major components. It notes that the nervous system controls all bodily activities and responses, and is made up of neurons. It then describes the central nervous system as controlling the body's activities, and the peripheral nervous system as connecting receptors and effectors. Finally, it summarizes the major divisions of the brain - forebrain, midbrain, and hindbrain - and briefly outlines some of their functions in processing sensory information and linking the brain and body.

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    The document discusses the physiological basis of behavior by describing the nervous system and its major components. It notes that the nervous system controls all bodily activities and responses, and is made up of neurons. It then describes the central nervous system as controlling the body's activities, and the peripheral nervous system as connecting receptors and effectors. Finally, it summarizes the major divisions of the brain - forebrain, midbrain, and hindbrain - and briefly outlines some of their functions in processing sensory information and linking the brain and body.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    51 views22 pages

    Nervous System

    Uploaded by

    Norleen Rose S. Aguilar
    The document discusses the physiological basis of behavior by describing the nervous system and its major components. It notes that the nervous system controls all bodily activities and responses, and is made up of neurons. It then describes the central nervous system as controlling the body's activities, and the peripheral nervous system as connecting receptors and effectors. Finally, it summarizes the major divisions of the brain - forebrain, midbrain, and hindbrain - and briefly outlines some of their functions in processing sensory information and linking the brain and body.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
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    Physiological Basis of Behavior

    • Physiology
    The branch of biology that deals with the
    normal functions of living organisms and their
    parts.

    Only man is capable of making complex patterns


    of adjustment to the different and never ending
    changes and demands of his environment.
    NERVOUS SYSTEM
    • Two Main Divisions of Nervous System
    1. Central Nervous System
    The complex of nerve tissues that controls the activities
    of the body.
    Brain – Spinal cord
    2. Peripheral Nervous System
    Composes all the nerve fibers that connect the
    receptors to the central nervous system and which
    further connects the central nervous system to the
    effectors.
    • The nervous system controls all our bodily
    activities and behavioral responses. It is
    made up mainly of neurons or nerve cells
    which numbers to about one hundred
    billion.

    • NEURON
    it is the basic structural and functional
    unit of the nervous system.
    Neuron

    Basic structural and functional unit of the nervous system

    Cell body
    It is the central portion with a nucleus, cytoplasm, and a cell membrane.
    Dendrites
    A short branching processes whose function is to receive nerve impulses and carry
    them toward the cell body.
    Axon
    The long threadlike part of a nerve cell along which impulses are conducted from
    the cell body to other cells.
    Functions of Neuron
    • Sensory or afferent neurons
    Carry messages or nerve impulses from the sense organ
    towards the brain/central nervous system from the receptors
    such as the eyes, ears and other sense organs.
    • Motor or efferent neurons
    Carry messages from the central nervous system to the
    muscles and glands
    • Connecting or association neurons
    These are middlemen between neurons. They are between
    the sensory and motor neurons. Most of them are found
    within the central nervous system.
    Nerve Impulse
    • Stimulus
    Refers to anything that excites or initiates
    an activity
    • Receptors
    an organ or cell able to respond to light,
    heat, or other external stimulus and
    transmit a signal to a sensory nerve.
    MAJOR DIVISIONS OF THE NERVOUS SYSTEM & THE
    COMPONENT OF EACH DIVISION
    The BRAIN
    The Brain
    • An organ of soft nervous tissue contained in the
    skull of vertebrates, functioning as the
    coordinating center of sensation and intellectual
    and nervous activity.
    • Master Organ
    • Busiest part of the body
    Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF)
    To protect the skull. It is jelly-like and extra soft
    weighing 1,400 grams
    Three main division of the brain
    FOREBRAIN
    Forebrain

    Each of the cerebral hemisphere is subdivided into four lobes


    (Significant areas are found in the different lobes of the brain like those of the
    sensory functions for Vision, Hearing, and Feeling.)
    1. Frontal lobe
    2. Temporal lobe
    3. Parietal lobe
    4. Occipital lobe
    S
    Forebrain
    • Thalamus
    1. Is found right on top of the midbrain
    2. Serves as a relay center of the impulses being set to the
    brain areas.
    • Hypothalamus
    1. a region of the forebrain below the thalamus that
    coordinates both the autonomic nervous system.
    2. Controlling body temperature, thirst, hunger, appetite,
    sexual drives as well as our emotional behavior or
    activity and other homeostatic systems.
    Two significant structures found in the central portions
    of the cerebral hemisphere
    MIDBRAIN
    • Serves as the bridge between the hindbrain and the
    forebrain
    • It is responsible in linking the sensory and motor pathways
    between the upper and the lower parts of the nervous
    system.
    • Some parts of the midbrain are also involved in auditory and
    visual activities.
    • It is relatively small
    • Serves as intricate switchboard of receiving nerve impulses
    all over the body, and after sorting them out, it sends them
    to the higher brain centers.
    HINDRAIN
    HINDBRAIN
    Spinal Cord
    • the cylindrical bundle of nerve fibers and
    associated tissue that is enclosed in the spine and
    connects nearly all parts of the body to the brain,
    with which it forms the central nervous system.

    Two Main Function of the spinal cord


    1. To provide connector mechanisms for reflex
    reaction.
    2. Transmit messages to and from the brain

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