The document defines an ecosystem as an assembly of interacting organisms and their environment. It describes the key components of ecosystems as including abiotic factors like air, water, and sunlight as well as biotic factors such as producers, consumers, and decomposers. Examples of different ecosystem types are provided, including forests, grasslands, deserts, freshwater, and marine ecosystems, along with their characteristic features and functions.
The document defines an ecosystem as an assembly of interacting organisms and their environment. It describes the key components of ecosystems as including abiotic factors like air, water, and sunlight as well as biotic factors such as producers, consumers, and decomposers. Examples of different ecosystem types are provided, including forests, grasslands, deserts, freshwater, and marine ecosystems, along with their characteristic features and functions.
The document defines an ecosystem as an assembly of interacting organisms and their environment. It describes the key components of ecosystems as including abiotic factors like air, water, and sunlight as well as biotic factors such as producers, consumers, and decomposers. Examples of different ecosystem types are provided, including forests, grasslands, deserts, freshwater, and marine ecosystems, along with their characteristic features and functions.
The document defines an ecosystem as an assembly of interacting organisms and their environment. It describes the key components of ecosystems as including abiotic factors like air, water, and sunlight as well as biotic factors such as producers, consumers, and decomposers. Examples of different ecosystem types are provided, including forests, grasslands, deserts, freshwater, and marine ecosystems, along with their characteristic features and functions.
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AIAS
Ecosystems 12.Oct.20
By: DR. KARUNENDRA ASST. PROFESSOR AMITY INSTITUTE OF APPLIED SCIENCES AMITY UNIVERSITY, NOIDA CAMPUS, UTTAR- PRADESH Descriptors/Topics AIAS
1 Concept of an ecosystem, 2.Types of ecosystem, 3.Structure and function of an ecosystem, Producers, consumers and decomposers. 4.Energy flow in the ecosystem, Food chains, food webs and ecological pyramids. 5.Ecological succession. 6. Introduction, types, characteristic features, structure and function of (i) Forest ecosystem, (ii)Grassland ecosystem (iv) Desert ecosystem, (v) Aquatic ecosystems (ponds, streams, lakes, rivers, ocean estuaries)
2 Concept of an ecosystem AIAS
The term “Ecosystem" was first used in
1935 by British ecologist Arthur Tansley.
Ecosystem consists of an assembly of
mutually interacting organisms and their environment .
Ecosystem has physical, chemical,
and biological components along with energy sources and pathways of energy and materials interchange.
Environment in which a particular
organism lives is called its habitat. The role of an organism in a habitat is called its niche.
Fig: Schematic representation of ecosystem
3 Components of Ecosystem AIAS
The structure of an ecosystem can be based on two important factors:
[A] Abiotic Components:
It includes Air, water, soil, minerals, sunlight, temperature, nutrients, wind, altitude, turbidity, etc.
[B] Biotic Components : Biotic
components can be categorized into.: Autotrophs, Heterotrophs (Primary, secondary and tertiary) Decomposers. Fig: Basic factors of ecosystem
4 Types of ecosystem AIAS
An ecosystem can be classified into two main types :
Terrestrial Ecosystem Aquatic Ecosystem
Terrestrial Ecosystems :There are different types of terrestrial ecosystems distributed
around various geological zones. Forest Ecosystems Grassland Ecosystems Tundra Ecosystems Desert Ecosystem
Aquatic Ecosystem: These can be further divided into two types:
Freshwater Ecosystem Marine Ecosystem
5 Terrestrial Ecosystems AIAS
Forest Ecosystems Grassland Ecosystems
A forest ecosystem consists of several In a grassland ecosystem, the
plants, animals and microorganisms vegetation is dominated by that live in coordination with the grasses and herbs. Temperate abiotic factors of the environment. grasslands, savanna grasslands Forests help in maintaining the are some of the examples of temperature of the earth and are the grassland ecosystems. major carbon sink.
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Tundra Ecosystems Desert Ecosystem
Tundra ecosystems are devoid of trees Deserts are found throughout the and are found in cold climates or where world. These are regions with very rainfall is scarce. These are covered with little rainfall. The days are hot, and snow for most of the year. The ecosystem the nights are cold. in the Arctic or mountain tops is tundra type.
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Freshwater Ecosystem Marine Ecosystem
The freshwater ecosystem is an The marine ecosystem includes seas and
aquatic ecosystem that includes oceans. These have a more substantial salt lakes, ponds, rivers, streams and content and greater biodiversity in wetlands. These have no salt content comparison to the freshwater ecosystem in contrast with the marine ecosystem.
8 Audio-Video on Iron Ore in India AIAS
9 QUESTIONS AIAS
1. What do you understand by “Ecosystem”.
2. Explain structure and important functions of ecosystem.
