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Information Processing & Management (MBA 5131) : Getachew Hailemariam (PH.D.)

This course provides an introduction to information systems and information and communications technology in organizations. It aims to describe fundamental IS concepts, explore computer hardware, software, and networks, and examine how management can be improved through efficient computer systems. The course will help students understand IS components and interactions, appreciate the roles of IS and ICT, and distinguish the advantages and limitations of technology in organizations. Key topics include fundamentals of IS, IS in organizations, IS development, and information resource management. Students will learn through lectures, case studies, presentations and develop the ability to implement IS knowledge and skills effectively.

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535 views29 pages

Information Processing & Management (MBA 5131) : Getachew Hailemariam (PH.D.)

This course provides an introduction to information systems and information and communications technology in organizations. It aims to describe fundamental IS concepts, explore computer hardware, software, and networks, and examine how management can be improved through efficient computer systems. The course will help students understand IS components and interactions, appreciate the roles of IS and ICT, and distinguish the advantages and limitations of technology in organizations. Key topics include fundamentals of IS, IS in organizations, IS development, and information resource management. Students will learn through lectures, case studies, presentations and develop the ability to implement IS knowledge and skills effectively.

Uploaded by

hayder nuredin
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Information Processing &

Management (MBA 5131)

Getachew Hailemariam (Ph.D.)


Aims

This course is designed to:


•provide a basic understanding of Information systems (IS) and
Information & Communications Technology (ICT) in organizations;
•describe the fundamental concepts and development in computer-
based information systems;
•explore a set of computer hardware, software, communications and
networks;
•identify the potential benefits and limitations of IS & ICT;
•examine how the management of organizations can be improved by
efficient and intelligent computer systems;
•provide knowledge about analytical approaches and techniques for the
economic evaluation of organization information systems.
Learning outcomes

On completion of this course students will


be able to:
•Understand the concepts of Systems and Information Systems;
•Components of Information Systems and their interactions;
•Appreciate the roles of IS & ICT in organizational settings;
•Implement IS & ICT knowledge & skills acquired effectively;
•Develop an ability in using communications networks in an
organization;
•Distinguish the advantages and limitations of IS & ICT.
Content
Chapter 1: Fundamentals of Information Systems

Chapter 2: Overview of Information Systems and its


components
Chapter 3: Information systems in an organization and
Strategic role of Information System
Chapter 4: Information Systems (IS) Development and
Management: Introduction
Chapter 5: Information Resource Management and System
Security issues
Main learning and teaching activities

•Lectures
• Group article review /Case Studies
• Presentations and interactive discussions

Note that
Virtual Lecturer Sessions are best suited to Problem Based Learning (PBL) and
Student –Centred learning environment. You will be provided with all the
required contents a head of the session. You are required to read before the
session. Then, the session will start with discussion provoking questions drawn
from the content. This will be implemented based on your readiness. The
conventional classroom like sessions tend to be boring and less engaging in
virtual environment.
Assessment details
Methods of Length Weight Minimu
assessment % m pass
mark

Individual Assignment I (plus


Oral presentation) 30%

Individual Assignment 2 25% 70%


Attendance 5% Overall
Final Exam 40%

Note: Grades are EARNED by the student not GIVEN by the instructor
Resources and Readings

Resources:
Lecture Slides, Articles, and softcopy text book will be
provided
Author(s) Dat Title Publisher
e
O’Brien, J. A. and Management Information Systems, McGraw-
Marakas, G.M. 201 10th edition Hill
1
Kenneth Laudon, 201 Management Information Prentice Hall
Jane Laudon 2 Systems: Managing the Digital
Firm, 12th Edition (Softcopy)
Efraim Turban, Information Technology for Wiley &
Dorothy Leidner, 200 Management: Transforming Sons, Inc.
Ephraim McLean, 5 Organizations in the Digital
James Wetherbe Economy, 3rd Edition
Fundamentals of Information
Systems
BASIC CONCEPTS
Data, Information, Knowledge, Wisdom
Hierarchies
A.Data
Data is raw facts and figures.

Data is the product of symbols or representations


of an event or facts about the world, like number,
letter, pictures, lines graphs, etc
In and of itself, data has no meaning
B. Information
•a processed, summarized data in some logical context presented
to specific end user.
(sets of data) + (relational connection among data sets) = information

What we perceive or understand is the relationship between


pieces of data, or between pieces of data and other
information.
Therefore,
Data + understanding of relationship = information

C. Knowledge

Knowledge is the understanding that you have for a


given information. With that understanding you’ll be able
to use the information for you benefit.
When does information becomes knowledge?
Once you spend some time interpreting and understanding a body
of information, then you have knowledge
Information becomes knowledge when one is able to
understand the patterns that exist within information and their
implication.
Therefore, knowledge= Information + understanding of the
pattern.

D. Wisdom
Wisdom is the ability to apply knowledge in order to solve a problem

After gaining knowledge, wisdom is used to meet new situations


and hence is the ability to imagine the consequences of our actions
for ourselves and for others.

It is an asset for good judgment that we acquire through


experience.
It is accumulated knowledge gained through a combination of:
•Academic study
•Personal experience
Summary
Characteristics of Valuable Information
Information Systems
System – definition
An integrated set of interoperable elements,
each with explicitly specified and bounded
capabilities, working synergistically to perform
value-added processing to enable a user to
satisfy mission-oriented operational needs in a
prescribed operating environment with a
specified outcome and probability of success.
The basic characteristics of any
system
• Systems consist of interrelated components (a
relationship exists between parts and the whole).
• Systems are arranged in a hierarchy (subsystems and
suprasystems).
• Synergies among system components create a whole
that is more than the sum of its parts.
• System boundaries are artificial: systems are
components of another larger system. Systems can be
open (influenced by their environment) or closed (not
influenced by their environment).
• Systems have inputs, processes, outputs, and feedback
loops.
System Features
• Environment
• A system does not exist in a vacuum, rather, it exists and
functions in an environment containing other systems.
• Subsystem: A system that is a component of a larger
system
• Boundary: A system separated from its environment
• Interface: Several systems may share the same
environment
• Open System: A system that interacts with other
systems
• Adaptive System : Modify themselves to meet the
demands of a changing environment
System Performance
• Efficiency: output/input
• Effectiveness: extent to which system
attains its goals
• Performance standard: specific objective
of a system
It is important to measure how a system
performs
• Information system

•is a group of interrelated components


working together toward a common goal by
accepting inputs and delivering outputs in an
organized transformation process.
Functions & Components of IS
Components of IS

•Hardware
•Software
•Data
•Procedure
•People
INFORMATION SYSTEMS ARE MORE THAN
COMPUTERS
The Need for Information and Communications
Technology
A. Helps to build competitive advantages
– Cost leadership strategy: cutting operational cost (Automation of Clerical,
Finance, HR, Inventory etc. tasks)
– Differentiation strategy: Unique features to serve specific market segment
– Innovation strategy: Three pillars: Research and development ideation,
Life cycles and product innovation strategy alignment,
Information/idea transference and customer feedback (constant stream
of information and ideas between the R&D and actual product creation
departments)
– Growth strategies: Diversification through investment
– Alliance strategies: Forging partnership with local & international
counterparts.
 ICT used to realize these strategies
B. Improving Business Operations

•Dramatically cut costs


•Improve the quality & delivery of product or service
• Enables Business process redesign
•Adopt a low-cost leadership strategy
•Increase quality and service by choosing a product
differentiation strategy
•Create new business opportunities
•Enable a firm to enter new markets
•Enable a firm to enter into new market segments
of existing markets
The Role of Information and Information systems in an

organization
• Informed execution of management functions

Management Process Decisions

Planning A selection from various alternatives- strategies,


resources, methods, etc.
Organization A selection of a combination out of several
combinations of the goals, people, resources,
method, and authority.
Leading Choosing tools and methods for directing and
coordinating efforts for optimum result.

Controlling A measurement and yardsticks


•All these are information intensive duties
Levels of Management & information requirements

• Different information required for different planning horizons

Long term

•Strategic
planning
Management
control/tactical

Operational Planning
Short term
Scope of Decision making & information requirements

• Different information required for different decision Decisions

Unstructured

Strategic

Tactical

Operational
Structured
Key Notes:
Well established information systems deliver the right information at the right
time in the right format to the right person and helps the management to
pursue appropriate course of action and improve operational efficiency
Discussion Questions

1.Discuss the challenges you noted in terms of information access and use in the
organization your are currently working?
2.How managers verify the quality of information they use for decision making?
3. What do you think should be your role as Business Managers regarding Information

Systems design and development in an organizational setting?

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