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What Is A DNS Server?

The DNS (Domain Name System) is a standard technology that manages website and domain names on the Internet. It allows users to type in easy-to-remember names like "compnetworking.about.com" instead of hard-to-remember IP addresses. DNS works by maintaining a worldwide collection of DNS servers in a hierarchy. At the top are 13 root servers that contain the complete database of all domain names and addresses. Lower level DNS servers maintain parts of the database and are owned by organizations like Google or Internet Service Providers. When a DNS server receives a request it cannot fulfill, it passes the request up the hierarchy until a match is found and the response sent back down.

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90 views46 pages

What Is A DNS Server?

The DNS (Domain Name System) is a standard technology that manages website and domain names on the Internet. It allows users to type in easy-to-remember names like "compnetworking.about.com" instead of hard-to-remember IP addresses. DNS works by maintaining a worldwide collection of DNS servers in a hierarchy. At the top are 13 root servers that contain the complete database of all domain names and addresses. Lower level DNS servers maintain parts of the database and are owned by organizations like Google or Internet Service Providers. When a DNS server receives a request it cannot fulfill, it passes the request up the hierarchy until a match is found and the response sent back down.

Uploaded by

mr_viku
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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The Domain Name System (DNS) is a standard technology for managing

the names of Web sites and other Internet domains. DNS technology
allows you to type names into your Web browser like
compnetworking.about.com and your computer to automatically find that
address on the Internet. A key element of the DNS is a worldwide
collection of DNS servers.

What Is a DNS Server?

A DNS server is any computer registered to join the Domain Name System. A DNS
server runs special-purpose networking software, features a public IP address,
and contains a database of network names and addresses for other Internet
hosts.
DNS Root Servers:

DNS servers communicate with each other using private network protocols. All
DNS servers are organized in a hierarchy. At the top level of the hierarchy, so-
called root servers store the complete database of Internet domain names and
their corresponding IP addresses.
The Internet employs 13 root servers that have become somewhat famous for
their special role. Maintained by various independent agencies, the servers are
aptly named A, B, C and so on up to M. Ten of these servers reside in the United
States, one in Japan, one in London, UK and one in Stockholm, Sweden.

DNS Server Hierarchy:

The DNS is a distributed system, meaning that only the 13 root servers contain
the complete database of domain names and IP addresses. All other DNS servers
are installed at lower levels of the hierarchy and maintain only certain pieces of
the overall database. Most lower level DNS servers are owned by businesses or
Internet Service Providers (ISPs). For example, Google maintains various DNS
servers around the world that manage the google.com, google.co.uk, and other
domains. Your ISP also maintains DNS servers as part of your Internet connection
setup.
DNS networking is based on the client / server architecture. Your Web
browser functions as a DNS client (also called DNS resolver) and issues
requests to your Internet provider's DNS servers when navigating
between Web sites.

When a DNS server receives a request not in its database (such as a


geographically far away or rarely visited Web site), it temporarily
transforms from a server to a DNS client. The server automatically passes
that request to another DNS server or up to the next higher level in the
DNS hierarchy as needed. Eventually the request arrives at a server that
has the matching name and IP address in its database (all the way to the
root level if necessary), and the response flows back through the chain of
DNS servers to your client.
Here you need to select Add or remove a role
Verify the following steps click on Next
Select Server Role as Domain Controller option click on Next
Summary of Your Selections click on Next
Active Directory Installation Wizard click on Next
Click “Next” on the compatibility window
Next window select the default option of “Domain Controller for a new domain” and
click “Next”
Now we have to think of a name for our domain. If you have a domain like
windowsreference.com”, you can use it, but it isn’t suggested because
computers nside of your domain may not be able to reach the company website.
Active directory domains don’t need to be “real” domains like the one above – they can
be anything you wish. So i will create “windowsreference.int”.
Now in order to keep things simple, we will use “windowsreferenc”,
which is the default selection, as the NetBIOS name of the domain.
The next dialog suggests storing the AD database and log on separate
hard disks and you can just leave the default settings.
The SYSVOL folder is a public share, where things like .
MSI software packages can be kept when you will distribute packages and you
can just leave the default settings or you can change the path.
Next Screen basically says that you will need a DNS server in
order for everything to work the way we want it (i.e., our “windowsreference.
int” to be reachable).we will install the DNS server on this machine or if you want you
can installed else where select “Install and Configure…” and click next.
Here you need to select the permissions for win 2000 or win 2003
server if you have any NT4 select first option otherwise select second
option and click next

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