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Experimental Study On Concrete With Partial Replacement of Cement by Phosphogypsum

The document discusses partially replacing cement with phosphogypsum in concrete. It presents background on phosphogypsum and literature reviews on the topic. The methodology section outlines the experimental study, including collecting materials, mix design, and testing materials and concrete specimens with different replacement levels of phosphogypsum.

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Sedhu Civil
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36 views38 pages

Experimental Study On Concrete With Partial Replacement of Cement by Phosphogypsum

The document discusses partially replacing cement with phosphogypsum in concrete. It presents background on phosphogypsum and literature reviews on the topic. The methodology section outlines the experimental study, including collecting materials, mix design, and testing materials and concrete specimens with different replacement levels of phosphogypsum.

Uploaded by

Sedhu Civil
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON

CONCRETE WITH PARTIAL


REPLACEMENT OF CEMENT BY
PHOSPHOGYPSUM

PRESENTED BY,
GUIDED BY,
SEDHUPATHI .M
ER.A.RIYAZ BASHA
M.E., 622619413005
ABSTRACT
Phosphogypsum is a by-product of phosphate
fertilizer plants and chemical industries for manufacture
of phosphoric acid by the action of sulphuric acid on the
rock phosphate. It can be gainfully utilized in cement
and building materials industries.
It needs beneficiation before use because of the
presence of deleterious constituents like P2O5 and
fluoride. Due to its pozzolanic properties it can be used
for partial replacement of cement. The study aims to
determine the optimum amount of phosphogypsum that
can give maximum strength to the concrete.
INTRODUCTION
• Concrete as is well known heterogeneous mix of
cement, water and aggregates. The admixtures may be
added in concrete in order to enhance some of the
properties desired specially.
• In India, demand for cement is more. Due to this
construction cost of the structures increases. The
phosphogypsum is an industrial waste by-product
produced in various industries like fertilizer industry,
phosphate ore and phosphoric chemical industry.
• In order to overcome the scarity of cement and decrease
the cost of concrete under these circumstances the use
of solid wastes, agricultural wastes and industrial by-
products like phosphogypsum, fly ash, etc., came onto
use.

• Utilization of industrial waste such as phosphogypsum


not only solves environmental problems but also
provides a new resource for construction company.

• The proper utilisation of phosphogypsum is needed to


solve environmental and disposal problems. In different
countries attempts have been made from time to time to
find ways and means of utilising phosphogypsum and
therefore disposing significant quantity of waste.
LITERATURE REVIEW
 S.Venkatasubbaiah, Sri.V.K.Visweswararao (2017)

The present paper deals with the experimental


investigation on mechanical properties of partially cement
replaced phosphogypsum concrete using 0%, 5%, 10%,
15%,20% and 25% replacement with M 2 5 grade
concrete with water binder ratio of 0.48.

 Koduru.Srinivasalu, P.Raghava (2017)


The experiment consists of testing concrete using 0%,
2.5%,7.5%,5%,and10% replacement of phosphogypsum
for M20, M25 , and M30 grades of concrete. It is observed
that cement can be replaced with phosphogypsum to
develop to good and hardened concrete to achieve
economy.
 Jahir Hussain .S , Jeyakumar (2016)
Most Concretes produced today contain materials in
addition to portland cement to help achieve the strength or
durability performance which includes fly ash, silica fume
and ground-granulated blast furnace slag used separately
or in combination. Phosphogypsum are used as admixture
to improve the performance of concrete. It is a waste
material obtained from fertilizer manufacturing.
 S. Dhinakaran, R. Mercy Shanthi, (March
2015)
The experiment consists of testing partially replaced
phosphogypsum concrete using 0%, 2%, 4%, 6%, 8% and
10% replacement of cement with phosphogypsum. The
percentage increase in compressive strength (at water-
cement ratio 0.5) at 8% phosphogypsum content, when
compared with plain concrete is more then 20%.
METHODOLOGY
ABSTRACT

LITERATURE
COLLECTION
STUDY

MATERIAL
COLLECTION

TESTING ON
MATERIAL
MIX DESIGN

CONCLUSION

FUTURE WORK
MATERIAL PROPERTIES
CEMENT

• Portland cement is the basic ingredients of concrete


mortar and non specialty grout. The product obtained
by burning, then cooled and ground to the required
fineness.
• Ordinary Portland cement 53 grade conforming to IS
code was used. Different laboratory test were
conducted on cement to determine its standard
consistency, Initial setting time, final setting time and
specific gravity.
FINE AGGREGATE
Sand is a natural granular material which is mainly
composed of finely divided rocky material and mineral
particles. The most common constituent of sand is silica
(silicon dioxide, or SiO2 ), usually in the form of quartz,
because of its chemical inertness and considerable
hardness, is the most common weathering resistant
chemical. Hence it is used as fine aggregate in concrete.
The Aggregate was tested for its physical requirements
such as gradation, fineness modulus, specific gravity in
accordance with IS 383-1970.
COARSE AGGREGATE

The shape and size distribution of the aggregate is


very important as it affect concrete by voids. Aggregate
should pass through 20mm sieve and retained on 10mm
IS sieve. Coarse aggregate should be hard, strong, dense,
rough and free from salt and organic matter. Well graded
aggregate provides denser concrete with fewer voids. The
aggregates were tested for their physical requirements
such as gradation, fineness modulus, specific gravity
and bulk density in accordance with IS 383-1970.
WATER
• Water plays a vital role in achieving the strength of
concrete. It is practically proved that minimum water-
cement ratio 0.35 is required for conventional concrete.
Water participates in chemical reaction with cement
and cement paste is formed and binds with coarse
aggregate and fine aggregates.
• If more water is used, segregation and bleeding takes
place, so that the concrete becomes weak. If water
content exceeds permissible limits it may cause
bleeding.
• If less water is used, the required workability is not
achieved. Potable water fit for drinking is required to be
used in the concrete and it should have pH value
ranges between 6 to 9.
PHOSPHOGYPSUM
• Phosphogypsum refers to the calcium sulphate hydrate
formed as a by-product of the production of fertilizer from
phosphate rock. It is mainly composed of gypsum
(CaSO4·2H2O). The phosphogypsum known to have some
of the chemical impurities like phosphates and world-wide
for most of the applications as a binder or cements etc.
MATERIAL TEST
TESTS ON CEMENT
SI. REQUIREMENTS
NO PHYSICAL PROPERTIES RESULTS AS PER IS: 8112-
OF GRADED CEMENT 1989

1 Specific gravity 3.10 3.10-3.15


Standard consistency
2 (%) 30.5% 30-35
Initial setting time
3 (hours, min) 32 min 30 min
Final setting time
4 (hours, min) 610 min 600 min
Compressive strength N/mm2
5 at 28 days 58 N/mm2 53 N/mm2 minimum
TESTS ON
PHOSPHOGYPSUM
SI. REQUIREME
NO PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF RESULTS NTS AS PER
GRADED CEMENT IS: 8112-1989
1 Specific gravity 2.655 2.3-2.9

2 Standard consistency (%) 31% 30-35


TESTS ON COARSE
AGGREGATE
SI.
NO PHYSICAL PROPERIES RESULT
1. Fineness modulus 2.98
2. Water absorption 0.50%
3. Free moisture content 0.10%
4. Aggregate impact value 12
5. Aggregate crushing value 23
6. Specific gravity 2.6
TESTS ON FINE
AGGREGATE
SI.
NO Physical properties Test result

1 Specific gravity 2.65

2 Fineness modulus 2.8

3 Water absorption 0.65%

4 Free moisture content 0.20%


TESTS ON WATER
TAP
TEST
S.NO WATER RANGE
DETAILS
Ppm
1 Chloride test 1050 1000
2 Hardness test 13.797 0 to 60
Titration 1
4.375
3 Alkality test 0 to 20
Titration 1
16.75
Not less
4 pH test 8.5
than 6
MIX DESIGN
M25 GRADE OF CONCRETE
FOR ONE CUBE:
Cement = 0.15 x 0.15 x 0.15 x (1/4) x 1.57 x 1440
= 1.90 kg

Sand = 0.15 x 0.15 x 0.15 x (1/4) x 1.57 x1450


= 1.920 Kg

Aggregate = 0.15 x 0.15 x 0.15 x (2/4) x 1.57 x 1500


= 3.97 Kg

W/C ratio = 0.45%


W/C = 1.90 x 0.45
= 855 ml
FOR ONE CYLINDER:

Cement = 0.0053 x (1/4) x 1.57 x 1440


=2.99kg

Sand =0.0053 x (1/4) x 1.57 x 1450


=3.016kg

Aggregate =0.0053 x (2/4) x 1.57 x 1500


=6.24kg

W/C ratio = 0.45 %


W/C = 2.99 x 0.45
=1345ml
CONCLUSION
The phase I of this research work deals
with the experimental investigation of
concrete by partially replacing the cement
by phosphogypsum with 7.5%, 10% ,
12.5%,15% and 20 %. In the phase I of the
project, the materials are collected and
various material tests were done. Mix
design for M25 grade concrete is
calculated.
FUTURE WORK
• The phase II of the project work involves
testing of the concrete specimens. The Fresh
concrete as well as hardened concrete
properties of the phosphogypsum with
different percentages of replacement are
needed to be tested with the reference mix.

• The main aim of the project is to find the


optimal percentage of replacing cement with
phosphogypsum.
OU
K Y
A N
T H

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