CHD (Tgs Inggris)

CORONARY
HEART DISEASE
Definition
The American heart association (AHA) defines coronary
heart disease as a general term for the buildup of plaque in
the heart arteries that can cause a heart attack. This
buildup of plaque in the coronary arteries is called
atherosclerosis. (AHA, 2012 page: 14)
Coronary heart disease (CHD) is a condition in which

there is a buildup of coronary artery plaque. This causes
the coronary artery to become narrowed or blocked.
Coronary arteries are arteries that supply blood to the
heart muscle by carrying a lot of oxygen. There are
several factors that trigger this disease, namely: lifestyle,
genetic factors, age and other participatory diseases.
(Norhasimah, 2010: page 48)
CAUSE OF HEART DISEASE
The cause of coronary heart disease is narrowing, blockage, or
abnormalities in the coronary arteries. The narrowing and blockage
of the coronary arteries is caused by fatty substances, cholesterol, and
triglycerides, which increase over time and accumulate under the
deepest endothelial lining of the artery wall. This can cause blood
flow to the heart muscle to decrease or more, thus interfering with the
work of the heart as a blood pump.
The dominant effect of the coronary heart is the loss of oxygen
and nutrients to the heart due to reduced blood flow to the heart.
Fatty plaque builds up in the arteries, reservoirs, bloodstream which
will cause a heart attack. The plaque formation process causing a
shift in the artery is called arteriosclerosis (Hermawatirisa, 2014:
page 2
Classification Of Coronary Heart Disease
Angina Pectoris Unstable.
Stable Angina Pectoris.
The clinical syndrome of chest pain is mostly
Ischemic disease is caused by caused by atheroscelrotic disorders and is followed
by a series of pathological processes that decrease
an imbalance between
coronary blood flow, increase in frequency,
myocardial oxygen demand intensity or duration of pain, angina occurring
and supply during activity or rest, without evidence of
myocardial necrosis.
Acute Myocardial Infarction. Variant Angina Prinzmetal

Acute myocardial necrosis due to The coronary arteries can go into spasm, which
significant impaired coronary artery blood interferes with blood flow to the heart muscle
flow, as a result of coronary artery (Ischemia). This type of angina is rare and almost
occlusion from thrombus or prolonged always occurs while a person is resting - while
severe seizure. sleeping.
Sign and Symptoms of heart disease
The breath feels Chest pain.

Tiring easily. heavy.
Irregular heartbeat
Dizzy Difficulty sleeping.

Edema (excessive swelling in
the legs, abdominal area, or
Awareness. ankles due to fluid
congestion) which also
indicates rapid weight gain.
Prevention Of Coronary Heart Disease
● Eat a balanced nutritious diet

● Do regular exercise
● Take medicine properly
● Live a healthy lifestyle
● Quit smoking
● Limit alcohol consumption.
● Manage stress well, for example
by doing muscle relaxation or
deep breathing exercises.
TREATMENT
Some medications used to treat coronary heart disease include:
Cholesterol-lowering
drugs, including
Aspirin Beta blockers Nitroglycerin and
inhibitors
statins, niacin, and This drug or other These drugs lower
fibrates blood thinner helps blood pressure An enzyme that
These medications help dissolve clogged blood, and prevent the converts angiotensin:
reduce blood cholesterol and prevents the risk risk of myocardial This drug can help
levels, thereby reducing of stroke or myocardial infarction. prevent the risk of
the amount of fat sticking infarction. myocardial infarction.
to vessels blood.
TREATMENT
with Operation:
Installation of a stent to
widen the narrowed
coronary arteries.
Coronary surgery such

as heart bypass surgery
is the most common
treatment for CHD.
02 04
CONTENTS Discussion Treatment
Here you could describe Here you could describe
the topic of the section the topic of the section
01 03 05
About the Patient Diagnosis Monitoring
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the topic of the section the topic of the section the topic of the section
A PICTURE IS
WORTH A
THOUSAND
WORDS
DISCUSSION
SUMMARY
Mercury is the closest planet to the

Sun and the smallest one in the Solar
System—it’s only a bit larger than the
Moon. The planet’s name has nothing
to do with the liquid metal, since
Mercury was named after the Roman
messenger god
CONTRAINDICATIONS AND INDICATIONS
WHY YOU SHOULD STOP THE WHY YOU SHOULD START THE
TREATMENT TREATMENT
● Here you can describe a reason to stop the ● Here you can describe a reason to start the
treatment treatment
treatment treatment
treatment treatment
treatment treatment
CASE TIMELINE
WEEK 1 WEEK 3
Venus has a beautiful Jupiter is the biggest
name planet
WEEK 2 WEEK 4
Mars is full of iron Pluto is a dwarf planet
oxide dust
ECG Installation Procedure
A. PURPOSE OF INSTALLING THE ECG B. ECG EQUIPMENT TOOLS
1. Knowing the patient's heart rhythm 1. Electrocardiogram (EKG) Machine

abnormalities 2. ECG paper
2. Knowing myocardial disorders 3. Jelly
3. Knowing the effect of using heart drugs 4. Tissu
4. Knowing the occurrence of electrolyte 5. Nierbeken
disturbancesin patients 6. Alcohol cotton
5. Knowing the heart lining infection
C. The Procedure for Installing EKG
1. Read the installation instructions

2. Explain to the patient / family about the actions to be taken
3. Prepare and bring the device closer to the patient
4. Loosen or undress the top of the client.
5. Put jelly on the electorde
6. Attach electrodes to the upper and lower extremities to record the extremities of the
leads
a) Red on the upper right extremity
b) Yellow in the upper left expression
c) Black on lower right extremity
d) Green in lower left extremity
7. Attach the paracardial electrodes to record the precardial lead.

a) Attach V1 to the intercostal lines to the 4 right sternal lines
b) Attach V2 to the intercostal lines to the 4 left sternal lines
c) Install V3 in the middle of V2 and V4
d) Place V4 on the 5th intercostal in the left midclavicle
e) Place V5 on the anterior axillary line
f) Install V6 in the middle of the axila parallel to V4
8. Turn on the Electrocardiography machine
9. Record the client's identity on the EKG
10. Perform the calibration at a speed of ml / sec
11. Lauakn recording according to the order
12. Turn off the ECG and remove the electodes on the client's body
13. Help clients wear clothes again.

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CORONARY

Coronary heart disease (CHD) is a condition in which

Acute Myocardial Infarction. Variant Angina Prinzmetal

The breath feels Chest pain.

Dizzy Difficulty sleeping.

● Eat a balanced nutritious diet

Some medications used to treat coronary heart disease include:

Coronary surgery such

Mercury is the closest planet to the

A. PURPOSE OF INSTALLING THE ECG B. ECG EQUIPMENT TOOLS

1. Knowing the patient's heart rhythm 1. Electrocardiogram (EKG) Machine

1. Read the installation instructions

7. Attach the paracardial electrodes to record the precardial lead.

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