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G12 UCSP PPT Lesson 3

The document discusses the biological, cultural, and sociopolitical evolution of humans from early hominids to modern societies. It covers key topics like biological evolution, cultural evolution, sociocultural evolution, macroevolution, homeobox genes, natural selection, the Paleolithic era, the Neolithic Revolution, the rise of early civilizations like Mesopotamia and the Inca Empire, and theories of democratization focusing on citizen participation and political freedom and rights.

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Leo Suing
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3K views23 pages

G12 UCSP PPT Lesson 3

The document discusses the biological, cultural, and sociopolitical evolution of humans from early hominids to modern societies. It covers key topics like biological evolution, cultural evolution, sociocultural evolution, macroevolution, homeobox genes, natural selection, the Paleolithic era, the Neolithic Revolution, the rise of early civilizations like Mesopotamia and the Inca Empire, and theories of democratization focusing on citizen participation and political freedom and rights.

Uploaded by

Leo Suing
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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G12 Understanding Culture, Society, and

Politics (UCSP) Lesson 3: Cultural and


Sociopolitical Evolution

Presented by: Leonides B. Suing


Cultural and Sociopolitical Evolution

Human Bio-Cultural Social Evolution


Biological Evolution – is the physical transformation of
modern humans from hominids into thinking modern
humans or Homo sapiens.
Cultural Evolution – refers to the changes or
development of cultures from a single form to a more
complex form of human culture.
Sociocultural evolution – happens as a result of human
adaptation to the different factors like changes in climate
or in their environment and population increase.
Cultural and Sociopolitical Evolution

Macroevolution and the Formation of New Species


Macroevolution focuses on the formation of new species
(speciation) and on the evolutionary relationship between groups of
species.
Cultural and Sociopolitical Evolution

Homeobox genes are a group of genes that regulate


development in multicellular organisms; this
includes cell differentiation and morphogenesis.
Cultural and Sociopolitical Evolution
Natural selection is a process through which certain
environmentally adapted biological features are
perpetuated at the expense of less adaptive features.
Cultural and Sociopolitical Evolution
Early humans
Biological and cultural evolution: from Homo habilis
(or earlier) to Homo sapiens sapiens in the fossil record
Cultural and Sociopolitical Evolution

Homo habilis, known as 'handyman' is a species of the genus


Homo that lived from approximately 2.33 to 1.4 million years
ago, during the Gelasian Pleistocene period.  
Cultural and Sociopolitical Evolution

Paleolithic Period. The Paleolithic Period or the


Old Stone Age is divided into three divisions:
a. Lower Paleolithic Period
Cultural and Sociopolitical Evolution

b. Middle Paleolithic Period


Cultural and Sociopolitical Evolution

c. Upper Paleolithic Period


Cultural and Sociopolitical Evolution
Cultural and Sociopolitical Evolution
The Neolithic Revolution. Also called the Agricultural Revolution
marked the transition in human history from small nomadic bands
of hunter-gatherers to larger, agricultural settlements and early
civilization.
The Earth entered a warming trend around 14,000 years ago at the
end of the last Ice Age. Some scientists theorize that climate changes
drove the Agricultural Revolution. In the Fertile Crescent, bounded
on the west by the Mediterranean Sea and on the east by the Persian
Gulf, wild wheat and barley began to grow, as it got warmer.
Cultural and Sociopolitical Evolution

Early Civilization and the Rise of State


Neolithic Humans:
Early Civilization and the Rise of State
Neolithic Humans:
Cultural and Sociopolitical Evolution
Earliest Forms of Governments:
Mesopotamia
Cultural and Sociopolitical Evolution
Earliest Forms of Governments:
Mesopotamia
Cultural and Sociopolitical Evolution
Earliest Forms of Governments:
Mesopotamia
Cultural and Sociopolitical Evolution
Earliest Forms of Governments:
Inca Empire
Cultural and Sociopolitical Evolution
Earliest Forms of Governments:
Inca Empire
Cultural and Sociopolitical Evolution

Democratization
There is a general tendency to assume that "democracy" refers to
a fairly static concept and, by corollary, that "democratization"
represents the process of approaching this "democracy."
First, Dahl limits the scope of his concept of "democracy" to a
description of "the fundamental principle of a political regime."
According to him, the degree of democracy is formally defined
based on two measurable factors: namely, the degree of
citizen participation in the political process (political equality)
and the degree of acceptance of public contestation (political
freedom).
Cultural and Sociopolitical Evolution
Emphasis is placed on "free and fair elections" as one
opportunity of the various civil liberties and political
rights.
Cultural and Sociopolitical Evolution
However, it is important to remember that, if we define "politics"
as "decisions that impact all members of a given social group," the
democracy and democratization, which are related to "how things
are decided" and are embodied in "elections," can be distilled
simply to the process of "choosing of those who decide.“
Cultural and Sociopolitical Evolution
In other words, if we consider the countless possibilities in a
diverse society of what decisions are, how these are made, and
the manner of involvement, "democracy" or "democratization,"
which tends to be reduced simply to "elections," captures only
one of the many important political aspects of a society.

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