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Lecture 9 Global Demography

The document discusses global demography and the demographic transition. It notes that the 7th billion person was born in the Philippines in 2011. It then explains key concepts in demography like population size, distribution, and composition. It outlines the three demographic processes of fertility, mortality, and migration. It describes Thomas Malthus' theory on population growth and checks. It explains the stages of the demographic transition from high birth and death rates to low birth and death rates. This leads to changes in population growth and age distribution, with populations aging in the final stage of transition.

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560 views22 pages

Lecture 9 Global Demography

The document discusses global demography and the demographic transition. It notes that the 7th billion person was born in the Philippines in 2011. It then explains key concepts in demography like population size, distribution, and composition. It outlines the three demographic processes of fertility, mortality, and migration. It describes Thomas Malthus' theory on population growth and checks. It explains the stages of the demographic transition from high birth and death rates to low birth and death rates. This leads to changes in population growth and age distribution, with populations aging in the final stage of transition.

Uploaded by

Jarvie John
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Global

Demography

Prepared by:
Ma. Janda Ira Felina M. Benedictos
Instructor 1
Philippine Merchant Marine Academy
Global Demography
The 7th billionth baby in the Philippines was
born on October 31, 2011. Danica May
Camacho the daughter of Florante Camacho
and Camille Dalura was chosen as the
symbolic 7th billionth baby

The symbolic 7th billionth baby is more


of a concern for the global community
Global Demography

WHY???
Global Demography
Population
• Refers to the number of
persons occupying a
certain geographic area,
drawing subsistence
from their habitat, and
interacting with one
another (De Ocampo et.
al, 2019.
Global Demography

Three
components of
population:
• Size
• Distribution
• Composition
Global Demography
Demography
• Statistical study of
human populations,
especially with
reference to size and
density, distribution,
and vital statistics
(births, marriages,
deaths, etc.).
Global Demography

Three Demographic

H Y
processes

A P • Fertility

G R – Biological

M O – Social

DE • Mortality
– Lifespan
– Longevity
• Migration
Global Demography
Global Demography
Global Demography
Demographic transition theory
• is a generalized description of
the changing pattern of
mortality, fertility and growth
rates as societies move from one
demographic regime to another.
The term was first coined by the
American demographer Frank W.
Notestein in the mid-twentieth
century, but it has since been
elaborated and expanded upon
by many others.
Global Demography
Before the demographic During the demographic
transition transition
 life was short, births  First mortality and then fertility
declined, causing population
were may, growth was growth rates first t accelerate
slow and the population then to slow again, moving
toward low fertility, long life and
was young, an old population
The Transition began around
1800 with declining mortality
in Europe. It has now spread
to all parts of the world and is
projected to be completed by
2100
Global Demography

Thomas Malthus in his


essay stated that slow
population growth was no
accident. The slow growth
in the economy held
population in equilibrium
Global Demography
Since population could grow rapidly
that the economy. He stated that
misery and vice held population in
check. He called misery a positive
check and vice a preventive check.
Malthus believes that it is only
through moral restraint-that is, the
chaste postponement of marriage- did
Malthus believe that humanity might
avoid this fate, and he though is an
unlikely outcome.
Global Demography
Since population could grow rapidly
that the economy. He stated that
misery and vice held population in
check. He called misery a positive
check and vice a preventive check.
Malthus believes that it is only
through moral restraint-that is, the
chaste postponement of marriage- did
Malthus believe that humanity might
avoid this fate, and he though is an
unlikely outcome.
Global Demography
The classic demographic transition
starts with mortality decline, followed
after a time by reduced fertility,
leading to an interval of first increased
and then decreased population
growth and, finally, population aging
Global Demography
During the demography transition mortality rates declined
Global Demography
During the demography transition Fertility rates declined
Global Demography
Population Growth

• The combination of fertility and mortality


determines population growth
Global Demography
Shifts in Age Distribution: The Last Stage of the Demographic Transition
Total dependency ratio= sum of the population under 15 and over 65
years/population in the intermediate range of 15-64 years
Global Demography
Dramatic aging of the population is the inevitable final
stage of the global demographic transition, part and
parcel of low fertility and long life. It will bring serious
economic and political challenges.

We could still adapt to our life cycle plans since life in


aging, capital intensive, culturally diverse high-income
countries should be pleasant, provided our institutional
structures are sufficiently flexible.

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