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Mushtaq Ahmed MSC Physics

This document discusses sound waves and their properties. It explains that sound is produced by vibrations of objects like guitar strings, vocal cords, and the human heart. Tuning forks are used to demonstrate how sound is generated by vibrations moving through a medium. The document also describes experiments showing that sound requires a material medium like air to propagate, and that sound waves involve longitudinal compressions and rarefactions of the transmission medium.

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Mushtaq Ahmed
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41 views23 pages

Mushtaq Ahmed MSC Physics

This document discusses sound waves and their properties. It explains that sound is produced by vibrations of objects like guitar strings, vocal cords, and the human heart. Tuning forks are used to demonstrate how sound is generated by vibrations moving through a medium. The document also describes experiments showing that sound requires a material medium like air to propagate, and that sound waves involve longitudinal compressions and rarefactions of the transmission medium.

Uploaded by

Mushtaq Ahmed
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Mushtaq Ahmed MSc Physics

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SOUND WAVES
Sound is the form of energy that produce
sensation
of hearing in the ear .
Production of sound
■Due to vibrations of bodies the air around
them also vibrates and the sound is
produced.
Example
In a guitar, sound is produced due to
the vibrations of its strings
Our voice results from the
vibrations of our vocal chords.
Human heart beats produce sound waves.
Doctors use stethoscope to hear this sound
Sound is produced by a vibrating body
■Tuning fork to produce a particular sound. If we
strike the tuning fork against rubber pad, the
tuning fork will begin to vibrate . We can hear
the sound produced by tuning fork by bringing
it near our ear
.
If we dip the vibrating tuning fork into a
glass of water, we will see a splash
■ We can feel the vibrations by slightly touching prong of
the vibrating tuning fork with a plastic ball suspended
from a thread .
Conclusion
■ Sound is produced by vibrating
bodies.
Sound Requires Material Medium for its
Propagation
■ Sound waves require some material medium for their propagation. This
can be proved by bell jar apparatus ..
■ An electric bell is suspended in the bell jar with the help of two wires
connected to a power supply. By setting ON the power supply, electric
bell will begin to ring. We can hear the sound of the bell.
■ If we remove the air from the jar with the help of vacuum pump, we can
not hear the sound of the bell again.
Conclusion
■We conclude that sound waves can only
travel/propagate in the presence of air
(medium).
Longitudinal Nature of Sound
Waves
■Before the vibration of tuning fork, density
of air molecules on the right side is uniform .
When the right prong of tuning fork moves
from mean position to right side, it compress
the layer of air molecules and produces a
compression .
■This compressed air layer in turn
compresses the layer next to it and so on.
■As in the direction of propagation of
sound wave , Air molecules oscillate. This
shows the longitudinal nature of sound
waves.
As the tuning fork moves back and forth rapidly, a
series of compressions and rarefactions are created in
the air. In this way, sound wave propagates through
the air.

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