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What Is Mechanics? Fundamental Concepts Fundamental Principles Systems of Units Method of Problem Solution

ch1 pf mechanics

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43 views9 pages

What Is Mechanics? Fundamental Concepts Fundamental Principles Systems of Units Method of Problem Solution

ch1 pf mechanics

Uploaded by

Ahmed Gamal
Copyright
© Public Domain
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Vector Mechanics for Engineers: Statics

Edition
Eighth

Contents
What is Mechanics?
Fundamental Concepts
Fundamental Principles
Systems of Units
Method of Problem Solution

© 2007 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. 1-1


Vector Mechanics for Engineers: Statics
Edition
Eighth

What is Mechanics?
• Mechanics is the science which describes and
predicts the conditions of rest or motion of bodies
under the action of forces.

• Categories of Mechanics:
- Rigid bodies
- Statics
- Dynamics
- Deformable bodies
- Fluids

• Mechanics is an applied science - it is not an abstract


or pure science but does not have the empiricism
found in other engineering sciences.

• Mechanics is the foundation of most engineering sciences


and is an essential prerequisite to their study.

© 2007 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. 1-2


Vector Mechanics for Engineers: Statics
Edition
Eighth

Fundamental Concepts
• Space - associated with the notion of the position of a point P given in
terms of three coordinates measured from a reference point or origin.

• Time - definition of an event requires specification of the time and


position at which it occurred.

• Mass - used to characterize and compare bodies, e.g., response to


earth’s gravitational attraction and resistance to changes in
translational motion.

• Force - represents the action of one body on another. A force is


characterized by its point of application, magnitude, and direction, i.e.,
a force is a vector quantity.

In Newtonian Mechanics, space, time, and mass are absolute concepts,


independent of each other. Force, however, is not independent of the
other three. The force acting on a body is related to the mass of the body
and the variation of its velocity with time.
© 2007 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. 1-3
Vector Mechanics for Engineers: Statics
Edition
Eighth

Fundamental Principles
• Newton’s First Law: If the resultant force on a particle is zero, the particle
will remain at rest or continue to move in a straight line.

• Newton’s Second Law: A particle will have an acceleration


proportional to a nonzero resultant applied force.
 
F  ma
• Newton’s Third Law: The forces of action and reaction between two
particles have the same magnitude and line of action with opposite sense.

• Principle of transmissibility

© 2007 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. 1-4


Vector Mechanics for Engineers: Statics
Edition
Eighth

Systems of Units
• International System of Units (SI):
The basic units are length, time, and
mass which are arbitrarily defined as the
• Kinetic Units: length, time, mass, meter (m), second (s), and kilogram
and force. (kg). Force is the derived unit,
F  ma
• Three of the kinetic units, referred to  m
as basic units, may be defined
 
1 N  1 kg 1 2 
 s 
arbitrarily. The fourth unit, referred
to as a derived unit, must have a
definition compatible with Newton’s
2nd Law,
 
F  ma

© 2007 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. 1-5


Vector Mechanics for Engineers: Statics
Edition
Eighth

© 2007 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. 1-6


Vector Mechanics for Engineers: Statics
Edition
Eighth

© 2007 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. 1-7


Vector Mechanics for Engineers: Statics
Edition
Eighth

Method of Problem Solution


• Problem Statement: • Solution Check:
Includes given data, specification of - Test for errors in reasoning by
what is to be determined, and a verifying that the units of the
figure showing all quantities computed results are correct,
involved. - test for errors in computation by
• Free-Body Diagrams: substituting given data and computed
Create separate diagrams for each of results into previously unused
the bodies involved with a clear equations based on the six principles,
indication of all forces acting on - always apply experience and physical
each body. intuition to assess whether results
seem “reasonable”

© 2007 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. 1-8


Vector Mechanics for Engineers: Statics
Edition
Eighth

• CONTENTS
• Chapter 1: Statics of Particles
• Chapter 2: Rigid Bodies: Equivalent Systems of Forces
• Chapter 3: Equilibrium of Rigid Bodies
• Chapter 4: Centroids and Centers of Gravity
• Chapter 5: Friction
• Chapter 6: Moments of Inertia

© 2007 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. 1-9

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