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Phase Changes Powerpoint

The document discusses phase changes, or changes between different states of matter (solid, liquid, gas, plasma). During a phase change, heat energy is either absorbed or released as molecules change speed and distance from one another. There are several types of phase changes including melting, freezing, vaporization, condensation, sublimation, and deposition. A key characteristic of phase changes is that the temperature of the substance remains constant despite heating or cooling, as large amounts of energy are used in changing the substance's physical state rather than its temperature.

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2K views20 pages

Phase Changes Powerpoint

The document discusses phase changes, or changes between different states of matter (solid, liquid, gas, plasma). During a phase change, heat energy is either absorbed or released as molecules change speed and distance from one another. There are several types of phase changes including melting, freezing, vaporization, condensation, sublimation, and deposition. A key characteristic of phase changes is that the temperature of the substance remains constant despite heating or cooling, as large amounts of energy are used in changing the substance's physical state rather than its temperature.

Uploaded by

shie
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Phase

Changes
What is Matter?

• Matter is anything that takes up space and has weight.


• Matter has four forms.
• Matter can be a solid, a liquid, or a gas.
• Matter can be described by its properties.
• Matter is made up of tiny particles called atoms.
Review: 4 Phases of Matter

• Solid (slowest)

• Liquid (medium)

• Gas (fast)

• Plasma (fastest)
What is a Phase Change?

• Is a change from one state of matter


(solid, liquid, gas, plasma) to another.

• Phase changes are physical changes because:


- It only affects physical appearance, not
chemical make-up.

- Reversible
What happens during a phase change?

• During a phase change, heat


energy is either absorbed or
released.

• Heat energy is released as


molecules slow down and
move closer together.

• Heat energy is absorbed as


molecules speed up and
expand.
Energy and Phase Changes

• Energy is either absorbed or released during a phase


change
• Endothermic – the system absorbs energy from its
surroundings; energy goes IN
• Exp. Baking bread, producing sugar by photosynthesis, evaporation
of water, etc.
• Exothermic – the system releases energy to its surroundings;
energy goes OUT
• “Exo”  think of “exit”
• Exp. Making ice cubes, condensation, nuclear fission, rusting iron,
etc.
How to recognize a phase change
• Measuring the temp of a
substance as it’s heated
or cooled
• Temperature of a
substance DOES NOT
change during a phase
change
Types of Phase Changes
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tuE1LePDZ4Y
Melting

• solid  liquid

• Molecules speed up, move


farther apart, and absorb heat
energy

• Endothermic
Freezing

• liquid solid

• Molecules slow down, move


closer together and release
heat energy.

• Exothermic
Vaporization (Boiling)

• Liquid  Gas

• It occurs at the boiling point of


matter.

• Molecules speed up, move farther


apart, and absorb heat energy.

• Endothermic
Evaporation

• Liquid  gas on the surface of a


liquid (occurs at all
temperatures).

• Molecules speed up, move farther


apart, and absorb heat energy.

• Endothermic
Condensation

• Gas  Liquid

• Molecule slow down, move


closer together and release
heat energy.

• Exothermic
Sublimation

• Solid  Gas

• Molecules speed up, move


farther apart, and absorb heat
energy.

• Endothermic
Deposition

• Gas  Solid

• Molecules slow down, move


closer together and release
heat energy.

• Exothermic
Graphing a Phase Change
Melting & Boiling Points

• Melting Point: The temperature at which a solid changes into a


liquid.

• Boiling Point: The temperature at which a liquid changes into a


gas.

• What is a Freezing point?


• Compare the freezing and melting points of water.
Summary
Graphing a Phase Change

• Why is there no change in


temperature during a phase change?

• Define melting and boiling points.

• What is the melting point and


boiling point of water?

• At what temperature does water


freeze and become a solid?

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