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The Contributions of Greeks and Romans in The Development of Science and Technology

The Greeks made many important contributions to the foundations of science and technology. Thales of Miletus was the first Western philosopher and predicted a solar eclipse. Socrates emphasized the study of human nature. Empedocles postulated the four classical elements. Hippocrates started the science of medicine and authored the Hippocratic Oath. Aristotle undertook a large-scale classification of plants and animals. Archimedes discovered laws of the lever and pulley. Ptolemy founded the geocentric theory of the universe. Romans were less focused on science but excelled in architecture, building large structures like aqueducts, coliseums, and baths.

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April Caringal
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117 views

The Contributions of Greeks and Romans in The Development of Science and Technology

The Greeks made many important contributions to the foundations of science and technology. Thales of Miletus was the first Western philosopher and predicted a solar eclipse. Socrates emphasized the study of human nature. Empedocles postulated the four classical elements. Hippocrates started the science of medicine and authored the Hippocratic Oath. Aristotle undertook a large-scale classification of plants and animals. Archimedes discovered laws of the lever and pulley. Ptolemy founded the geocentric theory of the universe. Romans were less focused on science but excelled in architecture, building large structures like aqueducts, coliseums, and baths.

Uploaded by

April Caringal
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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The Contributions of Greeks and Romans in the

Development of Science and Technology


Here are some of the Great Greek
Philosophers that helped in the
development of science and technology
during the ancient times.

2
Thales of Miletus

Thales of Miletus is best

1 known as the first


Western philosopher,
he actually
became famous for
predicting a solar
eclipse.
Socrates
Socrates emphasized
the study of human
1 nature in relation to
society. His main
contribution to
western philosophy
is his method of
inquiry that was
called after him.
Empedocles

Assumed that
there were more
1 than one kind of
matter and
postulated four
elements of the
world: earth, air,
fire and water.
He stated that
diseases have
natural causes
and the body Hippocrates
has the power
to repair itself.
Started the science
of medicine and
1 known as the
greatest physician
of antiquity and
regarded as the
“father of Responsible for
Hippocratic Oath
medicine”
Engrossed
himself in
studying many
areas of science Aristotle
like Physics,
Astronomy,
Meteorology, etc.
Regarded as the
“father of
1 biology”,
undertook a large
scale classification “scala
naturae” or
of plants and Great Chain of
animals. Being is the
first theories in
biology
Archimedes
Performs
experiments which
1 led him to discover
the laws of the lever
and the pulley that
resulted in the He excelled in
invention of Geometry,
machines which calculus,
hydrostatics and
easily move loads. displacement.
Ptolemy

One of the
greatest
1 astronomers who
founded the
geocentric theory
and wrote the
Almagest.
Democritus

Developed the
1 atomic theory;
elaborated the
idea that matter is
consists of atoms.
Pythagoras

Mathematician,
1 held that numbers
were basic to
matter;
Pythagorean
theorem.
Plato
Plato dealt with
nature of the
universe; ascribed
1 geometric forms
composed of
bounding planes to
the elements of earth,
fire, air and water
based upon their
physical properties
Hipparchus

A greek
1 mathematician and
astronomer; he
measured the earth-
moon distance
accurately.
Eratosthenes

Determined that the


1 circumference of the
Earth was 28,000
miles, which only
three thousand miles
more that what we
know today.
Theophrastus

Regarded as the “father


of plant science. He
1 wrote “History of
Plants” in which he
described the forms,
behavior, morphology
and properties of some
500 food and
medicinal plants.
◇ Romans were poor in
science.
◇ Their unique contributions
are portraiture and
architectural engineering.
◇ The aqueducts were the
marvellous achievements of
Roman engineers.

18
19
◇ They built the largest
free-standing dome.

◇ They also known for


coliseum, baths, roads,
and other
infrastructure.

20
◇ Some notable Roman
Scientists:

GALEN- great physician and


surgeon; Galen influenced the
development of various scientific
disciplines includes anatomy,
physiology, pathology,
pharmacology and neurology.

21
◇ Some notable Roman
Scientists:

VITRUVIUS- is another writer


whose work has provided us with
important knowledge about
ancient Rome. He sometimes
referred as the first architect.

22
◇ Some notable Roman
Scientists:

PLINY- described almost a


thousand species of plants, most
of which were highly valued for
their medicinal uses.

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