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Teaching Grammar: Fe T. Canoy

This document discusses different approaches to teaching grammar. It begins by explaining why grammar is important to teach and the objectives of grammar instruction. It then covers several theories of grammar teaching, including Universal Grammar Theory and Input Theory. The document outlines deductive and inductive approaches to presenting grammar, comparing their advantages and disadvantages. It also discusses types of grammatical errors, conscious-raising techniques, and generating grammar rules from examples. The overall summary is: This document discusses theories and methods for teaching grammar, comparing deductive and inductive approaches. It outlines objectives of grammar instruction, theories like Universal Grammar and Input, and techniques like conscious-raising and error analysis.

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Fe Canoy
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360 views28 pages

Teaching Grammar: Fe T. Canoy

This document discusses different approaches to teaching grammar. It begins by explaining why grammar is important to teach and the objectives of grammar instruction. It then covers several theories of grammar teaching, including Universal Grammar Theory and Input Theory. The document outlines deductive and inductive approaches to presenting grammar, comparing their advantages and disadvantages. It also discusses types of grammatical errors, conscious-raising techniques, and generating grammar rules from examples. The overall summary is: This document discusses theories and methods for teaching grammar, comparing deductive and inductive approaches. It outlines objectives of grammar instruction, theories like Universal Grammar and Input, and techniques like conscious-raising and error analysis.

Uploaded by

Fe Canoy
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Teaching Grammar

Fe T. Canoy
Presenter
Grammar
• Grammar is all about breaking a language
to parts, to see how it works. (David Crystal )
• Grammar is the system of language.
• Grammar is a reflection of a language at a
particular time.
Is it important to teach grammar?

Why teach grammar?


Objectives in
Teaching Grammar
• Develop insights into the structure of the English
language
• Integrate the correct language patterns without
rote memorization.
• Learn the language as a rule-governed system 
• Develop a constructive approach to grammar
• Be aware of the difference between L1 and L2
grammar
Theories in Teaching Grammar

• Universal Grammar Theory (Chomsky,


1959)
• Input Theory (Krashen, 1970)
Universal Grammar
Theory
• Noam Chomsky
• It suggests that the capacity to learn
grammar has been developed into the
human brain from birth, regardless of
language.
• It suggests that certain aspects of
syntactic structure are universal

https://www.englishclub.com/grammar/theory/universal.htm
Input Theory
• Stephen Krashen
• It suggests that the child acquires
language through comprehensible input.

http://esl.fis.edu/teachers/support/krashen.htm
Presenting Grammar
APPROACHES
Deductive
Approach
• Rule-driven learning
• It begins with the presentation of a rule,
followed by examples in which the rule
is applied.
• Presentation, practice and production
(PPP)

http://www2.vobs.at/ludescher/pdf%20files/grammar.pdf
Advantages Disadvantages
• Straight to the point • Encourage teacher-centered
• Respects intelligence and learning
maturity • Creates an impression that
• Confirms students’ language learning is simply
expectation of classroom about learning rules
learning
• Allows the teachers to deal
with language problems
when they come up.
Example
General Rule of SVA:
• A singular subject takes a singular verb,
and a plural subject takes a plural verb.
Ex: Sheryl is a studious student.
The students do their work.
Your Turn!
• Romeo (dance/dances) gracefully.
• The students (dance/dances) happily.
• The book (is/are) on the table.
Inductive Approach
• Rule-discovery learning
• It begins with the presentation of an
example, followed by the rule applied.

http://www2.vobs.at/ludescher/pdf%20files/grammar.pdf
Advantages Disadvantages
• Ensures a higher degree of • Time consuming
understanding • Students may hypothesize
• Students are actively the wrong rule
involved in the learning • Put heavy demands to
process teachers
Example
Special Rule of SVA (Introductory ‘it’):
Ex: It is my duty to teach.
It does not work anymore.

The introductory ‘it’ is always singular.


Deductive Method Inductive Method
• Subject centered • Student centered
• Rule-conscious • Use-conscious
• Students show lack of • Students are active
interest • Suitable to early stage
• Suitable to later stage • Systematized knowledge is
• Knowledge of grammar is not got
more systematized • Unconscious learning of
• Conscious learning of rules rules
Different Methods
• Diagramming sentences
• Learning through writing
• Interactive teaching
• Learning through reading
KINDS OF
GRAMMATICAL ERROR
Lexical Error
• Choosing the wrong word for the
meaning to be expressed
Ex: Joshen was stopping at the door. (standing)
• Choosing the wrong form of the word
Grammar Error
• Mistake in verb form or verb tense
Ex: You decides what to do.
• Mistake in sentence structure.
Discourse Error
• Mistake in the organization of sentences
to make a paragraph.

Pronunciation Error
Grammar Teaching
CONSCIOUSNESS — RAISING
Conscious-Raising
• It is an intentional effort to draw the
attention of learners to the structured
features of the target language (Rutherford and
Smith, 1985)
Conscious-raising
• Providing an example
• Provide a problem
• Allow learners to generate a rule
• Allow learners to use the rule they
constructed
Observe!!!
• Neither the students nor the instructor is leaving
the room.
• Neither the instructor nor the students are
leaving the room.
• Either his mother or his friends know that he is
getting married.
• Either his friends or his mother knows that he is
getting married.
Correct it!!!
• Either the senators or the president are planning to attend
the conference.
• Either the senators or the president is planning to attend
the conference.
• Neither Samantha nor Stephen are willing to take the test.
• Neither Samantha nor Stephen is willing to take the test.
• Neither my teacher or my classmates is going to the party.
• Neither my teacher or my classmates are going to the
party.
Generate the
Rule!!!
• In using ‘nor’ or ‘or’, the verb agrees
with the nearer subject.

Use the Rule!!!


• Use ‘nor’ or ‘or’ in a sentence.
THANK YOU
FOR
LISTENING

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