01 CONTEMPORARY ARTS

PRESENTATION

Architecture
Visual Arts:

By: Santos, R., Opay, C., & Hidalgo, J.

02
What is Architecture?

"Architecture could be basically

defined as "the art and science of
designing and constructing
buildings".
ARCHITECTURE
PRESENTATION
03
What is Architecture?

Etymologically, the word ‘architecture’

comes from the Greek arkhitekton
(ἀρχιτέκτων) which is a combination of the
word arkhi, meaning “chief” or “master”,
and tekton, meaning “mason” or “builder”.
ARCHITECTURE
PRESENTATION
04
Origin of Architecture

"Architecture appeared with human

being’s need of shelter to protect
himself from the weather and danger
outside. It first evolved as the outcome
of needs and means."
ARCHITECTURE
PRESENTATION
05
Functions of Architecture

Architecture helps us create a place

that is essential for human lives. It
helps us determine the history and
culture of an area.
ARCHITECTURE
PRESENTATION
05

TYPES OF FUNCTION OF ARCHITECTURE

Functions of • User Function
• Technical Function
Architecture •
•
Environmental Function
Economic Function
• Symbolic Function

ARCHITECTURE PRESENTATION
FUNCTIONS OF ARCHITECTURE 06

User Function

Refers to the intended uses or

activities of a building

What will the building be used for?

FUNCTIONS OF ARCHITECTURE 07

Technical Function

Refers to the purpose of the structural

and mechanical systems of a building

Why is the building built like that?

FUNCTIONS OF ARCHITECTURE 08

Environmental Function

Refers to our response to the

environment around us

How can we utilize the things around

us?
FUNCTIONS OF ARCHITECTURE 09

Economic Function

Refers to the proper use of materials

and resources in order to create a
long term economic impact

How can we make our buildings

economically affordable?
FUNCTIONS OF ARCHITECTURE 10

Symbolic Function

Refers to a certain embodiment of a

building to a specific culture in the
area

What does this building symbolize?

 ARCHITECTURE
MEDIA USED IN
Manual Drafting
is the practice of creating detailed drawings or plans of
machinery, electronics, or infrastructure by hand.

11
 ARCHITECTURE
MEDIA USED IN
Software Tools
Utilizes digital applications/software in the process of
architectural design
Some examples are SketchUp, AutoCAD, Autodesk Maya,
Rhino 3D, ArchiCAD, etc.

12
Wood
Most common material in Architecture

Advantages: abundance in nature, relative durability,

and high tensile and compression strengths
Disadvantages: easily destroyed by moisture, fire, or
insects.

MEDIA USED IN
ARCHITECTURE
Stone
Materials used when permanence is desired

Advantages: durability, adaptability to sculptural

treatment, can be used in modest structures in its
natural state.
Disadvantages: Climatic or environmental change may
affect the texture of the stone and may lead to cracking

MEDIA USED IN
ARCHITECTURE
Concrete
Made of sand and gravel mixed with cement

High compressive strength

Does not crumble when subjected to heavy weight
Does not corrode and is fire resistant

MEDIA USED IN
ARCHITECTURE
Steel
Tough alloy of iron in variable amounts

Greatly malleable under proper conditions

Hardened by sudden cooling
Great tensile strength
Mostly used in modern architecture, especially in
building high-rise structures

MEDIA USED IN
ARCHITECTURE
ELEMENTS OF
DESIGN IN
ARCHITECTURE

ARCHITECTURE
PRESENTATION
 SIX INTEGRAL COMPONENTS USED
IN THE
creation of a design:
Visual Design

Line
Form and Shape
Elements

Colors

SPACE Value

Texture
 Vertical LINE
Lines
Represents dignity, formality,
stability,
and strength
THE
Empire State Building
Vertical
Architect:
Shreve, Lamb, and Harmon Structures

Brandenburg
Gate
Berlin

Skyscraper
Madrid,

Spain
 HORIZONTAL LINE
LINES

Represents calm, peace, and

relaxation
 Horizontal Structures
Community Christian Church Kansas City, MO
Architect: Frank Lloyd Wright, 1940
 DIAGONAL
LINE
LINES
Represents action, activity,
excitement,
and movement
Diagonal Structures
.
 CURVED LINE
LINES
Represents freedom, the natural,
having the appearance of softness,
and creates a soothing feeling or
mood
Curved Structures

G/F Main Mall SM Central Business

Sydney Opera House Bennelong Point,
Park, SM Mall of Asia, 123 Seaside
Sydney NSW 2000, Australia
Blvd, Pasay, 1300 Metro Manila,
Philippines
 The property possessed by an object of

Colors producing different sensations on the

eye as a result of the way the object
reflects or emits light.
 2 TYPES OF COLORS

Warm Colors Cool Colors

RE BLUE
D
ORANGE PURPLE
YELLOW GREEN
Colors can Effect
How human feels
and Act
 Form and shape

FORM
- A FORM IS AN ARTIST'S WAY OF USING ELEMENTS OF ART, PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN, AND
MEDIA. FORM AS AN ELEMENT OF ART IS THREE-DIMENSIONAL AND ENCLOSES SPACE.
LIKE A SHAPE, A FORM HAS LENGTH AND WIDTH, BUT IT ALSO HAS DEPTH. FORMS ARE
EITHER GEOMETRIC OR FREE-FORM.

SHAP
E
- IN THE VISUAL ARTS, SHAPE IS A FLAT, ENCLOSED AREA OF AN ARTWORK CREATED
THROUGH LINES, TEXTURES, COLOURS OR AN AREA ENCLOSED BY OTHER SHAPES
SUCH AS TRIANGLES, CIRCLES, AND SQUARES. LIKEWISE, A FORM CAN REFER TO A
THREE-DIMENSIONAL COMPOSITION OR OBJECT WITHIN A THREE-DIMENSIONAL
COMPOSITION.
 FORM
(3D) The shape and structure of something as
distinguished from its substance or material

SHAPE
(2D)The
two-dimensional contour that characterizes an
object or area.
FORM AND SHAPE
STRUCTURES

ORIENTAL
Pearl Tower Shanghai
Architect: Jiang Huan Cheng, Shanghai
Modern Architectural Design, Co.
MARIE-ELISABETH-
LÜDERS-HAUS Berlin, Germany
Space
BY INCORPORATING THE USE OF SPACE
IN YOUR DESIGN, YOU CAN ENLARGE OR
REDUCE THE VISUAL SPACE

SPACE CAN BE DESCRIBED AS THE DISTANCE AROUND AND/OR THE

AREA BETWEEN DESIGN OBJECTS OR ELEMENTS. AS AN EXAMPLE,
IF YOU WERE TO PLACE AN IMAGE ON A PAGE, THE AREA THAT
DOES NOT CONTAIN THE IMAGE WOULD CONSTITUTE SPACE.
FURTHERMORE, THIS CAN BE CALLED WHITE SPACE (IF PLACED ON
A WHITE PAGE) OR NEGATIVE SPACE.
 •CRAMPED, BUSY SPACES
TYPES OF SPACE
•OPEN, UNCLUTTERED
SPACES
.

•UNUSED VS. GOOD USE OF

SPACE

ARCHITECTURE
PRESENTATION
 Texture

PRESENTATION
ARCHITECTURE
THE surface look or feel of something

SMOOTH SURFACE ROUGH SURFACE

Reflects more light and therefore is a Absorbs more light and therefore
appears
more intense color.
darker.

GLASS façade of a high rise

office building

PARK Guell – Barcelona, Spain Architect: Antonio

Gaudí
 THE RELATIVE LIGHTNESS OR
VALUE DARKNESS OF A COLOR
10

As an element of art, value refers to the visible lightness

or darkness of a color. Value is synonymous with
luminosity in this context and can be measured in various
units designating electromagnetic radiation.
 ARCHITECTURE PRESENTATION

Examples of
Contemporary Philippine
Architecture

17
 18

Batasang Pambansa Complex

The Filipino style found its way in the re-emergence of traditional

motifs, the Bahay Kubo and the Bahay na bato became popular
forms to be copied and modernized such as the Batasang
Pambansa and the National Theatre.

DESIGNED BY:
AR. FEDERICO S. ILUSTRE
 PRESENTATION
ARCHITECTURE
Cultural Center of the Philippines
This theatre harks back to traditional Filipino dwelling huts, but
on a monumentally modern scale. A good example of Locsin’s
trademark style, the “floating volume,” which combines a heavy
use of concrete with elevated structures.

19 DESIGNED BY:
AR.. LEANDRO LOCSIN
 18

San Miguel Corporation Building

The building’s unique design is inspired by the Banaue rice

terraces. Landscaping is done by the National Artist for
Architecture in 2006, Ildefonso Santos, who is considered the father
of Philippine landscape architecture.

DESIGNED BY:
THE MAÑOSA BROTHERS
(MANUEL, FRANCISCO, AND
JOSE)
 PRESENTATION
ARCHITECTURE
Pearl Farm Beach Resort
The resort’s design was adapted from the traditional stilt
houses built along the coastline. This is also an example of
Mañosa’s distinctive style, known as “Contemporary
Tropical Filipino Architecture”.

19 DESIGNED BY:
AR. FRANCISCO MAÑOSA
 18

Tanghalang Mariang Makiling - National Arts

Center

Part of the National Arts Center, the Tanghalang Mariang Makiling

is a performance and arts venue of Philippine High School for the
Arts’ students and other artists. This is another master work by
Leandro Locsin who radically adapted the nipa hut design for this
piece.

DESIGNED BY:
AR. LEANDRO LOCSIN