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Review of Computer Networks: Course:DDB

This document reviews computer networks. It discusses that a computer network is an interconnected collection of autonomous computers that can exchange information. It describes different types of networks including local area networks (LANs), metropolitan area networks (MANs), and wide area networks (WANs) based on their geographic distribution and scale. It also covers various network topologies like bus, star, ring, and mesh and communication schemes such as point-to-point, broadcast, multicasting, and wireless networks. It provides details on bandwidth and data transfer rates in networks.

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210 views12 pages

Review of Computer Networks: Course:DDB

This document reviews computer networks. It discusses that a computer network is an interconnected collection of autonomous computers that can exchange information. It describes different types of networks including local area networks (LANs), metropolitan area networks (MANs), and wide area networks (WANs) based on their geographic distribution and scale. It also covers various network topologies like bus, star, ring, and mesh and communication schemes such as point-to-point, broadcast, multicasting, and wireless networks. It provides details on bandwidth and data transfer rates in networks.

Uploaded by

syed hamza
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Review of Computer Networks

Course:DDB

Instructor: Ibrar Afzal

Hazara University Mansehra, IT Department


Review of Computer Networks
 Computer Network
 Interconnected collection of autonomous computers that are
capable of exchanging information among themselves
 Computers on a network are referred to as nodes, hosts, end systems,
or sites.
 Types of Networks.
 various criteria by which computer networks can be classified
 geographic distribution i.e. scale

 interconnection structure of nodes i.e. topology

Review of Computer Networks


Review of Computer Networks
 Mechanism for distinction

 Propagation delay

 Administrative control

 Protocols that are used in managing them..

 Network classification

 wide area networks,

 metropolitan area networks

 local area networks

Review of Computer Networks


Review of Computer Networks
Scale: wide area network (WAN)
 distance between any two nodes

 greater than approximately 20 kilometers (km) to thousands of

kilometers.
 capacities of 150 Mbps and above.

 backbone links; the current backbone links are

 OC48 at 2.4 Gbps or OC192 at 10Gbps.

 long delays are involved in wide area data transmission

Review of Computer Networks


Scale:Local area networks (LANs)

 Limited in geographic scope (usually less than 2 km)..

 Higher capacity communication over inexpensive transmission media. 10-

1000 Mbps per connection


 Better controlled environments

 Reduce the noise and interference, and the heterogeneity among the

computers

Review of Computer Networks


Scale: Metropolitan area networks (MANs)
 Between LANs and WANs in scale
 Cover a city or a portion of it.

 The distances between nodes is typically on the order of 10 km.

Review of Computer Networks


Topology:
 Way nodes on a network are interconnected
 Irregular network: interconnections between nodes do not follow any
 Pattern
 Bus Network
 Used in LANs. The link control is typically performed using carrier
sense medium access with collision detection (CSMA/CD)
protocol.
 The CSMA/CD bus control mechanism can best be described as a
“listen before and while you transmit” scheme.

 Star, ring, bus, and mesh networks

Review of Computer Networks


Topology
Star networks
 If two hosts want to communicate, they have to go through the central
node.
 SQL embedded in a host language in the case of relational DBMSs
 C and QBE (Query-by-Example).
Ring networks
 Used in MANs (e.g., SONET rings)
 Control token
 Complete (or mesh) interconnection

Review of Computer Networks


Communication Schemes
 Point-to-point :one or more (direct or indirect) links between each pair
of nodes. The communication is always between two nodes and the
receiver and sender are identified by their addresses that are included in
the message header..
 media for point-to-point networks are twisted pair,coaxial or fiber
optic cables.
 In broadcast networks, there is a common communication channel that
is utilized by all the nodes in the network. Each node checks the
receiver address and if the message is not addressed to it, ignores it.
 Multicasting: message is sent to a subset of the nodes in the network
 radio or satellite-based

Review of Computer Networks


Communication Schemes
 Microwave transmission is another mode of data communication
and it can be over satellite
 Satellite and microwave networks are examples of wireless networks.
 Wireless LANs (commonly referred to as Wi-LAN or WiLan.
 These networks can provide bandwidth of up to 54 Mbps.

Review of Computer Networks


Communication Schemes
Bandwidth refers (less formally and with abuse of
terminology) to the number of bits that can be transmitted per
second (bps).
Actual rate at which data are transmitted across the network is

known as the data transfer rate.

Review of Computer Networks


Thanks

Review of Computer Networks

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