KULLIYYAH OF ARCHITECTURE AND ENVIRONMENTAL DESIGN

APPLIED ARTS AND DESIGN

AAD 1200 APPLIED ARTS AND DESIGN STUDIO 3 (CONSERVATION)
SEMESTER 2, 2019/2020

TASK 1
SHOPHOUSE FACADE IN
MALAYSIA

GROUP MEMBER:
NURUL SYARA AINAA BINTI RAHIM (1912994)
‘AINA MARDHIAH BINTI RAZALI (1918962)
LECTURER:
ASST. PROF. DR. ZUMAHIRAN BT
KAMARUDDIN

DATE SUBMITTED
23 OCTOBER 2020
 PREFACE 0.0

TABLE OF CONTENT

CONTENT PAGE
1.0 Introduction 4
1.1 History And Origin Of Shophouse 4
1.2 Development Of Facade Shophous 6
2.0 Shophouse Case Study 15
2.1 Case Study 1 - Fwu Chang Design And Souvenir, Malacca 15
2.2 Case Study 2 - Hotel Penaga, Pulau Pinang 19
3.0 Method, Materials, Techniques, And Detailing Of Facades Shophouse. 22
3.1 Fwu Chang Design And Souvenir, Malacca 23
3.2 Hotel Penaga, Pulau Pinang 29
4.0 Physical And Visual Properties Of The Façade Components. 30
4.1 Fwu Chang Design And Souvenir, Malacca 31
4.2 Hotel Penaga, Pulau Pinang 33
5.0 Discussion On Issue Pertaining To Its Conservation. 37
6.0 Islamic Perspective 31
7.0 Conclusion 44
8.0 References 46

AAD 1200 APPLIED ARTS AND DESIGN (CONSERVATION) SHOPHOUSE FACADE IN MALAYSIA 2
 CHAPTER 1.0

INTRODUCTION

An introductory section that

contains general information and
the typological of shophouse

Picture 1.0.1 : shophouse illustration (Kubor, 2014)

 INTRODUCTION 1.0

1.1 THE HISTORY AND ORIGIN OF

1.0 INTRODUCTION
SHOPHOUSE
Shophouses are one of the characteristics of the According to Maarten (2009), the position of
urban architecture of towns in Asia from the 18th to 20th Malaysia at the convergence of two major sea routes
century (Nordiana et al., 2015). ensured early trading and cultural contacts, with India,
china, Africa, and Europe.
According to Georgetown World Heritage Site
Inc. (n.d.) shophouses are terraced buildings that has one to During the 18th century, when Chinese
three storeys high, which provide a space for business on the immigrant from village near Guangdong, china came to
ground floor, and a residence for the workers on the upper Malaysia. Many of them started their business and decided
floors. This arrangement provides convenience for the seller to reside in Melaka. Chinese trading in Malaysia has
and security for the shop started to increase during 18th century (Tun Cheik et al.,
2017).

According to Kelvin (2016), shophouses in

Malaysia was first started in Malacca by the immigrant
from china. After some time, the development of
shophouse spread to other Malaysia states and has the
influenced of many states.

Picture 1.0.1 : FMS bar and restaurant building (ipohecho, 2010)

AAD 1200 APPLIED ARTS AND DESIGN (CONSERVATION) SHOPHOUSE FACADE IN MALAYSIA 4
 INTRODUCTION 1.0

1.2 DEVELOPMENT OF SHOPHOUSE

Shophouses in Malaysia have several different The materials use in the building are Dutch brick, lime plaster,
era style. There are five era of shophouse that will be discussed and timber structured. The window style on this era is
in this report, which is the Dutch style (1800-1911), eclectic characterized by three halves rectangular shape, timber framing
style (1890-1950), neo classical style (1900-1920), art deco and a louvered style window (Nordiana,2015).
style (1930-1950), and early modern style (1940-1970).

Each era have their own unique style and many

development of the shophouse style have happen through time
such as material, the complexity of design and the style
influence.

1.2.1 DUTCH STYLE (1800-1911)

Dutch style shophouse was found within the

period of 1800 to 1911. It has one storey building. The
shophouse style are influence by the Dutch style, which is
minimal and simple design. There are no complicated ornament
found on the building. The colour are usually beige / white.
Picture 1.2.1 : dutch style façade(Tun Cheik et al.,2017)

AAD 1200 APPLIED ARTS AND DESIGN (CONSERVATION) SHOPHOUSE FACADE IN MALAYSIA 5
 INTRODUCTION 1.0

1.2.2 ECLECTIC (1890-1950)

The eclectic shophouse style happen in the period

of 1890 to 1950. It has two to three storey building. According
to Nordiana et al. (2015), it is a mixselection of elements from
diverse styles for architectural decorative designs from varied
historic periods, such as European style (the full length
window), Chinese style (the arch transoms design) and Malay
(louvered and solid panel style window). The colour of the
building are usually use bright colour. The materials used in the
building are timber, clay brick and lime. The window style on
this era are characterized by the three window full length
shutter, jalousie style on top of the window shutter and solid
panel window shutter on bottom part. The window also framed
by the column or pilasters on wall (Nordiana et al., 2015).

Picture 1.2.2 : eclectic façade (malaymail,2016)

AAD 1200 APPLIED ARTS AND DESIGN (CONSERVATION) SHOPHOUSE FACADE IN MALAYSIA 6
 INTRODUCTION 1.0

1.2.3 NEO CLASSICAL (1900-

1920)
The neo classical shophouse style happen in the
period of 1900 to 1920. It has two to three storey building.
According to Nordiana et al. (2015), it has the influence of
Grecian and Roman style, which can be seen at the parapet
style on top of the building. The colour of the building are
usually painted in pastel colour or white finishing. The
materials used in the building are timber, clay brick and lime.
The window style on this era are characterized by the
ornamented window frames, keystone on the top of window
arched, glass fanlights above windows, full length shuddered
windows and column or pilasters framing the windows. Most
of the buildings also have a moulded plaster swag decorated the
facade, pilasters and arches, cornice at the parapet, upper floor
beam and column. It also have a strong emphasis on geometric
forms and shallow relief in ornamental detail (Nordiana et al.,
2015).
Picture 1.2.3 : neo classical façade (eric,2007)

AAD 1200 APPLIED ARTS AND DESIGN (CONSERVATION) SHOPHOUSE FACADE IN MALAYSIA 7
 INTRODUCTION 1.0

1.2.4 ART DECO (1930-

1950)
The art deco shophouse style happen between the year signage on the parapet and a concrete shading device
the period of 1930 to 1950. It has two to three storey building. above the window (Nordiana et al., 2015).
According to Nordiana et al. (2015), it has the influence of
European style, which can be seen at the parallel vertical or
horizontal line on the building and the influenced of the Art
Nouveau, Native American art, Cubism and the Bauhaus, which
the style was characterized by linear, hard edge, or angular
composition with stylized decoration. The colour of the
building are usually painted in pastel colour. During this period,
the Shanghai plaster have been introduced. The materials used
in the building are shanghai plaster, concrete, clay brick, glass
and timber. The window style on this era are characterized by
the metal frame or timber windows, the arrangement of the
windows are arranged in group, the window shutter have a
louvered style window shutter on the top part and a solid panel
style on the bottom part. It also have a stepped parapet style,
Picture 1.2.4 : art deco façade (Tun Cheik et al., 2017)

AAD 1200 APPLIED ARTS AND DESIGN (CONSERVATION) SHOPHOUSE FACADE IN MALAYSIA 8
 INTRODUCTION 1.0

1.2.4 EARLY MODERN (1940-1970)

The early modern shophouse style happen in the

period of 1940 to 1970. It has two to three storey building.
According to Nordiana et al. (2015), it has the influence of
contemporary practices style, which is no ornamentation on the
facade but large flanks of overhang and shading design. During
this period, the style are more focused on the aspect of
efficiency. The façade design are decorated with simple
geometric decorations function and economic that reflects the
utilitarian style. The colour of the shophouse during this period
are toning down. The materials used in the building are
reinforce concrete, clay brick, glass and steel. The window style
on this era are characterized by the steel frame and the glass
ribbon style window. It also have a raised parapet (Nordiana et
al., 2015).

Picture 1.2.5 : early modern (chatpenang,2010)

AAD 1200 APPLIED ARTS AND DESIGN (CONSERVATION) SHOPHOUSE FACADE IN MALAYSIA 9
 INTRODUCTION 1.0

1.2.5 FINDINGS

From table 1 below, some of the development of minimum and ribbon windows were introduced to the facade.
shophouse can be clearly seen at the façade design style. Dutch
style shophouse was the earliest style of shophouse in Malaysia
and the design was always minimal and simple (Wagner, 2017).
During eclectic style period, the shophouse have a decorative
design with various mix of style extract from various historic
period such as European style (the window design), Chinese
style (window transoms) and Malay style (louvered style
window)(Nordiana et al., 2015). Then, according to Nordiana et
al. (2015), neo classical period has the influenced of Grecian
and Roman, which cause the facade become more unique and
complicated like the parapet design . However, during art deco
style period, geometrical design was practiced such as linear,
hard edge or angular composition. According to Ashley (2017),
during the early modern period, the Modernist movement are
everywhere, ornamentation was stripped down to the bare

AAD 1200 APPLIED ARTS AND DESIGN (CONSERVATION) SHOPHOUSE FACADE IN MALAYSIA 10
 INTRODUCTION 1.0

AAD 1200 APPLIED ARTS AND DESIGN (CONSERVATION) SHOPHOUSE FACADE IN MALAYSIA 11
 INTRODUCTION 1.0

AAD 1200 APPLIED ARTS AND DESIGN (CONSERVATION) SHOPHOUSE FACADE IN MALAYSIA 12
 INTRODUCTION 1.0

DUTCH ECLECTIC NEO CLASSICAL ART DECO EARLY MODERN

(1800-1911) (1890-1950) (1900-1920) (1930-1950) (1940-1970)
_ It is a mixselection of • moulded plaster • Year • Focus on the
elements from diverse swag decorated constru aspect of
OTHERS styles for architectural the facade. ction efficiency,
decorative designs • Pilasters and signage function
from varied historic arches. on and
periods and styles • Cornice at the parapet economic
thus produces the parapet, upper • Flagpole that
blend of Chinese, floor beam and s are reflects the
Malay, column commo utilitarian
Indian and • Widespread n. style
European use of Greek • Concrete • Simple and
architectural and Roman shading clean facade
styles. orders and devices. design
decorative • Three •Simple
motifs parallel line geome
• strong emphasis arranged tric
on geometric either decora
forms and vertically or tions
shallow relief in horizontally
ornamental detail.

Table 1 : Characteristic of typology façade shophouse in Malaysia

AAD 1200 APPLIED ARTS AND DESIGN (CONSERVATION) SHOPHOUSE FACADE IN MALAYSIA 13
 CHAPTER 2.0

SHOPHOUSE CASE
STUDY

This section contains the thorough

information of the selected
shophouse; Fwu chang Design
shophouse and hotel penaga

Picture 2.0.1 : shophouse illustration (Kubor, 2014)

 SHOPHOUSE CASE STUDY 2.0

1. SHOPHOUSE CASE STUDY

There are two selected case study that will be

discuss in this report, which is the Fwu Chang Design and
Souvenir Building in Malacca and Hotel Penaga in Pulau
Pinang.

2. FWUCHANG DESIGN
AND SOUVENIR BUILDING, MALACCA

1. FACTS

Name : Fwu Chang Design And Souvenir Building

Location : No. 87, Jalan Hang Kasturi, Melaka

Built in :1939

Function : work and residential

space Architecture style : Art deco

Picture 2.1.1 : fwu chang design façade (Alfred, n.d)

AAD 1200 APPLIED ARTS AND DESIGN (CONSERVATION) SHOPHOUSE FACADE IN MALAYSIA 15
 SHOPHOUSE CASE STUDY 2.0

2.1.2 HISTORY OF FWU CHANG BUILDING 2.1.3 ARCHITECTURAL STYLE

According to Tun Cheik et al. (2017), Fwu Chang According to Tun Cheik et al. (2017), Fwu Chang
Design and Souvenir shophouse was built on 1939 during a pre Design and Souvenir shophouse has the art deco style. The
war period. It was originally a rented carving shophouse own shophouse façade has the element of stepped parapet,
by Mr. Ting Fwu Chang after he leave china in 1936 and horizontally parallel straight line, bressummer beams, year
decided to stay in Malacca. signage on parapet wall, rectilinear corbel, and louvered shutter
and solid timber panel window shutter style.
After Mr. Ting Fwu Chang died, Fwu Chang
trading has now continue by his son and recognized as one of
the pioneer of hand carved traditional gold tablets not only in
Malacca but across the continent with great experience and
skills (Tun Cheik et al., 2017). The picture 2.1.2 shows one of
the work done by Fwu Chang trading.

Picture 2.1.2 : wooden signboard display at fwu chang (Tun Cheik et al.,2017)

AAD 1200 APPLIED ARTS AND DESIGN (CONSERVATION) SHOPHOUSE FACADE IN MALAYSIA 16
 SHOPHOUSE CASE STUDY 2.0

Signage
(year of construction )
Stepped parapet wall

Picture 2.1.5 year signage close up(Tun Cheik

et al.,2017)

Picture 2.1.3 stepped parapet close Rectilinear

up(Tun Cheik et al.,2017)
corbel

Horizontaly
parallel straight Picture 2.1.6 rectilinear corbel close
lines up(Tun Cheik et al.,2017)

Louvered
Bressummer beams shutters and
solid timber
SAMANTHACOPR lower panels
A
EXECUTIVE PRODUCER
Picture 2.1.4 bressummer beam close up(Tun
Picture 2.1.7 : window close
Cheik et al.,2017) Picture 2.1.8 : fwu chang design and souvenir façade(Tun Cheik et al.,2017)
up(Tun Cheik et al.,2017)

AAD 1200 APPLIED ARTS AND DESIGN (CONSERVATION) SHOPHOUSE FACADE IN MALAYSIA 17
 SHOPHOUSE CASE STUDY 2.0

2.1.4 INFLUENCE OF FWU CHANG DESIGN AND

SOUVENIR SHOP

According to Tun Cheik et al. (2017), Fwu Chang

Design and Souvenir shophouse has the European influence.
The influence can be seen at the parallel horizontal line on the
shophouse facade.

Picture 2.1.9 shows the location of the three

parallel horizontal line on the facade houseshop.

AVRIL LORA
C H I E FE X E C U T I V E O F F I C E R

Picture 2.1.9 : fwu chang souvenir building close up(Tun Cheik et al.,2017)

AAD 1200 APPLIED ARTS AND DESIGN (CONSERVATION) SHOPHOUSE FACADE IN MALAYSIA 18
 SHOPHOUSE CASE STUDY 2.0

2.2 HOTEL
PENAGA
2.2.1 FACTS

Name : Hotel Penaga

Location : Hutton, Transfer and Clarke Street, Georgetown,

Penang.

Built in :1920

Architecture style : Art deco and eclectic style

Picture 2.2.1 : Penaga Hotel (Booking, n.d.)

AAD 1200 APPLIED ARTS AND DESIGN (CONSERVATION) SHOPHOUSE FACADE IN MALAYSIA 19
 SHOPHOUSE CASE STUDY 2.0

2.2.2 HISTORICAL AND

SIGNIFICANCE INFLUENCE

Located in between three main streets which

were Hutton, Transfer and Clarke Street. The origin of Hotel
Penaga’s name was from the name of Tanjung Penaga. Tanjung
Penaga was originally the name of Georgetown. The name also
originally from the plant of Penaga tree (Calophyllum
inophyllum) that grow at the seashore.

The Penaga tree produce a good quality of wood

and also can use as good traditional medicine. Since the
Penaga tree hardly to found in there, Hotel Penaga planted the
plant in Hotel’s garden.

2.2.2 : Penaga tree and its flower. (Dewiyana, Ibrahim,

Hajar, 2016)

AAD 1200 APPLIED ARTS AND DESIGN (CONSERVATION) SHOPHOUSE FACADE IN MALAYSIA 20
 SHOPHOUSE CASE STUDY 2.0

2.2.3 ARCHITECTURAL SIGNIFICANCE

AND INFLUENCE

The building was build in around 1920s and the

design was by the architect Ar. Azzaidy Abdullah from Hijjas
Kasturi Associates Sdn. Started as rows of double storey
terraced houses and shophouses and was renovated after
second world war.
2.2.3: Before the renovation. 2.2.4: After the renovation.
(Dewiyana, Ibrahim, Hajar, (Dewiyana, Ibrahim, Hajar,
The concept used for the hotel was a boutique 2016) 2016)

hotel that had good in financial and commercial. The original

design of the Hotel was utilitarian and simple. Hence, its gave
challenges towards the designers during the renovation.

In order to preserve the heritage value, the

designers of the Hotel aim to convert the cluster of 15 pre-war
terraces and shophouses into a heritage boutique Hotel that
maintains the character of the heritage zone, while meeting the
2.2.4: Before the renovation. 2.2.5: After the renovation.
highest modern expectations. (Hotel Penaga, 2014). (Dewiyana, Ibrahim, Hajar, (Dewiyana, Ibrahim, Hajar, 2016)
2016)

AAD 1200 APPLIED ARTS AND DESIGN (CONSERVATION) SHOPHOUSE FACADE IN MALAYSIA 21
 CHAPTER 3.0

METHODS, MATERIAL
AND TECHNIQUE OF
DETAILING IN
FACADE

This contains
section
information of thethe
selected
shophouse facade element detail

Picture 2.0.1 : shophouse illustration (Kubor, 2014)

 METHODS, MATERIAL AND TECHNIQUE OF DETAILING IN FACADE 3.0

3.1 FWU CHANG DESIGN AND

SOUVENIR, MALACCA

3.1.1 EXTERIOR WALLS FINISHER

Lime wash is used as an exterior wall finisher at

Fwu chang design shophouse. It can deflect light and heat from
the exterior walls and create a breathable finish for wall. This
material is ideal for hot and humid climate like Malaysia, as it
absorb moisture and able to cool down the air inside the
building (Tun Cheik et al., 2017).

EXTERIOR WALLS FINISHER

MATERIAL LIME WASH

SUBSTANCES Mixture of lime and water

It was commonly in beige/off
white colour but pigment can
CHARACTERISTIC be added to produce pastel
colour
Table 3.1.1 : characteristic of exterior walls finisher at Fwu Chang Design Picture 3.1.1 : fwu chang design façade (Alfred, n.d)
shophouse

AAD 1200 APPLIED ARTS AND DESIGN (CONSERVATION) SHOPHOUSE FACADE IN MALAYSIA 23
 METHODS, MATERIAL AND TECHNIQUE OF DETAILING IN FACADE 3.0

3.1.2 WALLS AND COLUMN 3.1.3 WALLS AND COLUMN FINISHER

Lime mortar was used to bind clay brick together Lime plaster was commonly used as a finishing
at Fwu chang design shophouse. It create a breathable skin as it on brick work at Fwu chang design shophouse. It create a
allows moisture from the ground to rise and evaporate thus breathable skin for the building (Tun Cheik et al., 2017).
creating a cooling mechanism on the space (Tun Cheik et al.,
2017).

Clay
brick

Lime
mortar
Picture 3.1.3 : lime plaster on wall close up at fwu chang(Alfred, n.d)

Picture 3.1.2 : clay brick and lime mortar at fwu chang(Alfred, n.d) WALLS & COLUMN FINISHER
WALLS & COLUMN MATERIAL LIME PLASTER
MATERIAL LIME MORTAR a smooth mixture of lime, sand
SUBSTANCE and water
SUBSTANCE a rough mixture of lime, sand and water
Table 3.1.3 : characteristic of walls and column finisher at Fwu Chang Design
Table 3.1.2 : characteristic of walls and column at Fwu Chang Design shophouse shophouse

AAD 1200 APPLIED ARTS AND DESIGN (CONSERVATION) SHOPHOUSE FACADE IN MALAYSIA 24
 METHODS, MATERIAL AND TECHNIQUE OF DETAILING IN FACADE 3.0

3.1.4 SIGNAGE ON PARAPET WALL 3.1.5 SIGNAGE ON COLUMN

The signage is located at the top of the parapet Corbel is located under the shading device on
wall. It was made by using plaster with moulding technique. Fwu Chang Design shophouse. The purpose of corbel is to
The number “1939” on the parapet display the year of when the Carry a superincumbent weight, a type of bracket (Tun Cheik et
building was built (Tun Cheik et al., 2017). al., 2017).

Picture 3.1.4 : signage close up at fwu chang(Alfred, n.d)

SIGNAGE ON PARAPET WALL

Picture 3.1.5 : signage close up at fwu chang(Alfred, n.d)
MATERIAL Plaster
Technique Moulding SIGNAGE
Display the year MATERIAL PAINTING
USAGE of the building act as an
construction USAGE advertisement for the
building
Table 3.1.4 : characteristic of signage on parapet walls at Fwu Chang Design shophouse
Table 3.1.5 : characteristic of signage on column at Fwu Chang Design shophouse

AAD 1200 APPLIED ARTS AND DESIGN (CONSERVATION) SHOPHOUSE FACADE IN MALAYSIA 25
 METHODS, MATERIAL AND TECHNIQUE OF DETAILING IN FACADE 3.0

3.1.6 BRESSUMER BEAM 3.1.7 CORBEL

Bressummer beam was originally made by The signage is located at the column of Fwu

hardwood, then during 19th century, concrete beam were Chang Design shophouse. It was made by using painting

introduced. Since then, bressummer beam has change technique. The function of this signage is to enable people to
find the location of the business (Tun Cheik et al., 2017).
using reinforced concrete (Tun Cheik et al., 2017).

Picture 3.1.7 : façade close up at fwu chang(Alfred, n.d)

Picture 3.1.6 : façade close up at fwu chang(Alfred, n.d)

BRESSUMER BEAM
CORBEL
Reinforced concrete, Reinforced concrete, cement
MATERIAL cement or shanghai MATERIAL or shanghai
plaster plaster
USAGE Supporting the wall above CHARACTERISTIC rectilinear-shaped
ADVANTAGE create a wide opening Table 3.1.7 : characteristic of corbel at Fwu Chang Design shophouse

Table 3.1.6 : characteristic of bressummer beam at Fwu Chang Design shophouse

AAD 1200 APPLIED ARTS AND DESIGN (CONSERVATION) SHOPHOUSE FACADE IN MALAYSIA 26
 METHODS, MATERIAL AND TECHNIQUE OF DETAILING IN FACADE 3.0

3.1.8 FRONT DOOR 3.1.9 DECORATIVE

According to Tun Cheik et al. (2017), The front The decorative ornament was located at the above
door at the facade is a metal folding door. of the front door. The decoration is used as a ventilation. The
picture 3.1.15 is the detail drawing of the decorative element at
Fwu Chang design shophouse.

Picture 3.1.9 : decoration close up at fwu chang design shophouse (Tun Cheik et
al., 2017)

Picture 3.1.8 : front door close up at fwu chang (Alfred, n.d) DECORATIVE
FRONT DOOR MATERIAL METAL
MATERIAL METAL CHARACTERISTIC • Lattice
shape
CHARACTERISTIC Folding • symmetry
As a divider from the
USAGE exterior and the interior USAGE As a ventilation
side
Table 3.1.9 : characteristic of decorative element at Fwu Chang Design shophouse
Table 3.1.8 : characteristic of front door at Fwu Chang Design shophouse

AAD 1200 APPLIED ARTS AND DESIGN (CONSERVATION) SHOPHOUSE FACADE IN MALAYSIA 27
 METHODS, MATERIAL AND TECHNIQUE OF DETAILING IN FACADE 3.0

3.1.10 WINDOW ELEMENT UPPER WINDOW SHUTTER

MATERIAL TIMBER
Table 3.1.11 until table 3.1.13 shows the
CHARACTERISTIC Louvered style
characteristic of the element on window at the Fwu Chang
- Promote cross
design façade shophouse, which is window shutter and window ventilation and
frame. Each element on the window are using timber (Tun USAGE air circulation
- Protect interior
Cheik et al., 2017). However, the disadvantage of timber is that from sun and
rain
it is vulnerable to termite attack.
Table 3.1.10 : characteristic of upper window shutter at Fwu
Chang Design shophouse

LOWER WINDOW SHUTTER

MATERIAL TIMBER
CHARACTERIS Panel with
TI C shallo
w
FRAME relief
MATERIAL TIMBER
• Provide
Table 3.1.11 : characteristic of window frame at more
Fwu Chang Design shophouse
USAGE privacy
Picture 3.1.10 : window close up at fwu chang(Alfred, n.d) • Protect
interior
from sun and
Table 3.1.12 : characteristic of lower window shutter at Fwu Chang rain
Design shophouse

AAD 1200 APPLIED ARTS AND DESIGN (CONSERVATION) SHOPHOUSE FACADE IN MALAYSIA 28
 METHODS, MATERIAL AND TECHNIQUE OF DETAILING IN FACADE 3.0

3.2 HOTEL PENAGA, PULAU PINANG

Some part of the facade was build using timber such as The roof of the hotel was originally made from
for the air ventilation, window and door. The facade also corrugated asbestos from the old building but only a few
using recycled timber from the old building. can be retained however the designer replaced some part
of the roof with second-hand Indian tiles.

Figure 3.2.1: Overhang at hotel’s facade. (Dewiyana, Ibrahim, Hajar, 2016)

Figure 3.2.3: Roof of the hotel’s facade. (Dewiyana, Ibrahim, Hajar,

2016)

Figure 3.2.2: Window and door at hotel’s facade. (Dewiyana, Ibrahim, Hajar, 2016)

AAD 1200 APPLIED ARTS AND DESIGN (CONSERVATION) SHOPHOUSE FACADE IN MALAYSIA 29
 CHAPTER 4.0

PHYSICAL AND
VISUAL
PROPERTIES OF
THE FACADE
COMPONENTS
This contains
information of the
section th
element façade shophouse
selected e
of

Picture 4.0.1 : shophouse illustration (Kubor, 2014)

 PHYSICAL AND VISUAL PROPERTIES OF THE FACADE COMPONENTS 4.0

4.1 FWU CHANG DESIGN AND

SOUVENIR BUILDING

SIGNAGE (YEAR OF
CONSTRUCTION)
• Moulded plaster

PARAPET WALL
• Reinforced concrete CORBEL
• Stepped pattern • Reinforce concrete,
• Cornice at the top simen
• Lime plaster finisher • Rectilinear shape

WINDOW SHUTTER
• Timber
HORIZONTAL LINE
• Louvered pattern on top
• Reinforced concrete
• solid panel design at
• Three parallel line
lower part
• Cornice pattern at the

WINDOW FRAME
• Timber
• Rectangle shape
Picture 4.1.1 : fwu chang design façade close up(Alfred, n.d)

AAD 1200 APPLIED ARTS AND DESIGN (CONSERVATION) SHOPHOUSE FACADE IN MALAYSIA 31
 PHYSICAL AND VISUAL PROPERTIES OF THE FACADE COMPONENTS 4.0

BRESSUMMER BEAMS
• Reinforced concrete

FACADE WALL
• Clay brick and lime
mortar
• Lime plaster finisher DECORATIVE
• Beige colour • Metal
• Symmetry design
• Geometry design

SIIGNAGE AT Picture 4.1.3 : decoration close up at fwu

COLUMN chang(Alfred, n.d)
• Painting
• Red colour FACADE DOOR
• Chinese word • Blue colour
• Metal
• Folding style
Picture 4.1.2 : fwu chang design façade close up(Alfred, n.d)

AAD 1200 APPLIED ARTS AND DESIGN (CONSERVATION) SHOPHOUSE FACADE IN MALAYSIA 32
 PHYSICAL AND VISUAL PROPERTIES OF THE FACADE COMPONENTS 4.0

4.2 HOTEL PENAGA, PULAU PINANG

Mix of the Late

Straits Eclectic Style
and Art
The Art Deco
Deco. elements can be
seen at the banded
first floor
spandrel beams
and banded
column surfaces.

On the upper
Awning canopy with
floor, wooden
red colour and one
louvered
Figure 4.2.1: Facade of the hotel. Hotel Penaga with the hotel logo.
shutter windows. (2014).

AAD 1200 APPLIED ARTS AND DESIGN (CONSERVATION) SHOPHOUSE FACADE IN MALAYSIA 33
 PHYSICAL AND VISUAL PROPERTIES OF THE FACADE COMPONENTS 4.0

Bracket that made Cornice with

from stone with horizontal

simple line line design.

ornamental.

Pilaster with
repeated
horizontal
Square planter box Figure 4.2.2: Facade of the hotel. Hotel Penaga
(2014). line design.
with green plant.

AAD 1200 APPLIED ARTS AND DESIGN (CONSERVATION) SHOPHOUSE FACADE IN MALAYSIA 34
 PHYSICAL AND VISUAL PROPERTIES OF THE FACADE COMPONENTS 4.0

On the lower floor,

butterfly-shaped
Curved timber
ventilated door with Chinese-style
horizontal and
air vents.
vertical line timber
design.

Timber windows with

Timber door with
iron bars.
Figure 4.2.3: Facade’s corridor of the hotel. Hotel Penaga simple carving
(2014).
design.

AAD 1200 APPLIED ARTS AND DESIGN (CONSERVATION) SHOPHOUSE FACADE IN MALAYSIA 35
 PHYSICAL AND VISUAL PROPERTIES OF THE FACADE COMPONENTS 4.0

Architectural features
include U-shaped
terracotta roof tiles.

The newly added

second and third floors
matched the existing
Figure 4.2.4: Part of building of the hotel. Hotel Penaga (2014).
lower floors

AAD 1200 APPLIED ARTS AND DESIGN (CONSERVATION) SHOPHOUSE FACADE IN MALAYSIA 36
 CHAPTER 5.0

DISCUSSION ON
ISSUE PERTAINING
TO SHOPHOUSE
CONSERVATION

This section contains a discussion

about the issue of shophouse
conservation.

Picture 5.0.1 : shophouse illustration (Kubor, 2014)

 DISCUSSION ON ISSUE PERTAINING TO SHOPHOUSE CONSERVATION 5.0

5.1 INTRODUCTION

This section will discuss about the issue of adaptive

restoration on shophouse facade. Based on the National
(2005), there are three type of restoration in conservation :
Heritage FULL
RESTORATIO
i. full restoration N

ii. partial restoration

PARTIAL
RESTORATION RESTORATIO
iii. adaptive restoration
N

ADAPTIVE
According to the National Heritage Malaysia (2005), RESTORATION
adaptive restoration of heritage building means
“A restoration that involve all or a Source : Based on National Heritage Act 2005

portion of the exterior restoration with the

interior adapted to a modern functional use”

AAD 1200 APPLIED ARTS AND DESIGN (CONSERVATION) SHOPHOUSE FACADE IN MALAYSIA 38
 DISCUSSION ON ISSUE PERTAINING TO SHOPHOUSE CONSERVATION 5.0

5.2 ISSUE OF ADAPTIVE RESTORATION

the old facade gone.
Based on the research done by Shamzani and his
colleague on 2012, they stated in the research that without a
proper integration design between the development of modern
and old buildings has crippled the unique identity of the historic
area.

Picture 5.2.1 shows a heritage shophouse façade in

Malacca that has crippled because of not having a proper
integration design between the development of modern and old
buildings. The picture was taken by Shamzani and his colleague Picture 5.2.1 : the crippled wall as the effect of placing the air conditioner at heritage
shophouse façade in Melaka.(shamzani, 2012)
in their research at a heritage site in Malacca. According to
Shamzani et al., (2012) The shophouse in the picture has been According to the national heritage act (2005), the owner
gazetted by the Melaka City Council. of the heritage site need to keep the heritage site always in
good repair. Based on the picture 5.2.1, it can clearly be seen
It can be clearly seen in the picture 5.2.1 that the
that the owner of the shophouse does not obey the law to keep
shophouse facade wall has defect and crippled because of the
the building in a good repair as the shophouse façade has
modern technology, which is the air conditioner has been
damaged because of the air conditioner.
installed at the facade. This problem has caused the uniqueness of

AAD 1200 APPLIED ARTS AND DESIGN (CONSERVATION) SHOPHOUSE FACADE IN MALAYSIA 39
 DISCUSSION ON ISSUE PERTAINING TO SHOPHOUSE CONSERVATION 5.0

Next, in the National Heritage Act (2005), also state that,

any offence that cause damage to the heritage site will
imprisonment for a term not exceeding five years or to a fine
not exceeding fifty thousand ringgit or to both. It means that,
the person responsible for this damaged might be charge as the
action has done damage to the building.

So, to overcome this issue, according to the Malacca

Enacment no.6 of 1988, Any cultural heritage which has been
declared to be preserved or conserved shall be inspected at all
reasonable times by an officer authorized by the Local
Authority. Base on this law, The Majlis Bandaraya Melaka
Bersejarah (MBMB) need to do a schedule for doing the
inspection of the historical shophouse at the heritage area. So,
the issue of wall damaged will not happen if the owner has
been warn earlier about the effect of installing the air
conditioner at the shophouse facade.

AAD 1200 APPLIED ARTS AND DESIGN (CONSERVATION) SHOPHOUSE FACADE IN MALAYSIA 40
 CHAPTER 6.0

ISLAMIC
PERSPECTIVE

This section contains a discussion

about the Islamic perspective
pertaining to conservation

Picture 6.0.1 : shophouse illustration (Kubor, 2014)

 ISLAMIC PERSPECTIVE 6.0

6.0 ISLAMIC PERSPECTIVE

Islam view the importance of it environment for shaping the built environment with acceptable aesthetic
human being and for the environment to be preserve. Human qualities is important (Remah, 2017). Rather than destruct the
should preserve what already given to us in order to achieve the building, Islam suggest to preserve the building with design
goal of the existence and sustainability. In Quran, Allah said for that improve the surrounding of the environment. According to
human being to urbanize the environment with architecture. Al-Quran:
According to A-Quran :

Figure 6.1: Surah Al-A’raf ayat 10 (surah.my, n.d.).

“And We have certainly established you upon the earth and

made for you therein ways of livehood. Little are you grateful.” Figure 6.2: Surah Ar-Rom ayat 9 (surah.my, n.d.).

(Surah Al-A’raf:10) “Have they not travelled through the earth and observed How
was the end of tHose before them? They were greater than them
The Holy Qur’an promotes construction or preservation in power, and they plowed the earth and built it up more than
to allow and sustain the ability to conduct act of worship they have built it up, and their messengers came to them with
within responsive man-made environment and Islam show that clear evidences. And Allah would not ever have wronged them,
the action of designing buildings, urban spaces, and but they were wronging themselves.” (Surah Ar-Rom: 9)

AAD 1200 APPLIED ARTS AND DESIGN (CONSERVATION) SHOPHOUSE FACADE IN MALAYSIA 42
 ISLAMIC PERSPECTIVE 6.0

Built heritage and architecture are resources that

shine with beauty and style in our cities, same as everything else
in our environment that has beauty (Remah, 2017). Human
should maintain the environment and avoid excessive use of it.
The Lord states in the Qur’an:

Figure 6.3: Surah Al-A’raf ayat 31. (surah.my, n.d.)

“Say O children of Adam, take your adornment at every

masjid, and eat and drink, but be not excessive. Indeed,
He likes not tHose who commit excess.” (Surah Al-A’raf:
31)

AAD 1200 APPLIED ARTS AND DESIGN (CONSERVATION) SHOPHOUSE FACADE IN MALAYSIA 43
 CHAPTER 7.0

CONCLUSION

Picture 7.0.1 : shophouse illustration (Kubor, 2014)

 CONCLUSION 7.0

7.0 CONCLUSION

Building heritage shophouse should be preserve as

its had it own value in architecture style and history. Preserving
building can improve the quality building and help to reduce the
cost o making new building while make people appreciate the
beauty of heritage building. This act of conserve and preserve can
help to clean the environment as it prevent harm and pollution
while emphasizing the effect towards the nature.

AAD 1200 APPLIED ARTS AND DESIGN (CONSERVATION) SHOPHOUSE FACADE IN MALAYSIA 45
 CHAPTER 8.0

REFERRENCE

Picture 8.0.1 : shophouse illustration (Kubor, 2014)

 REFERENCE 8.0

8.0 REFERENCE

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[Accessed 18 October 2020].

Chapter III Dutch Architecture in Melaka. (n.d.). Retrieved October 15, 2020,
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from
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http://studentsrepo.um.edu.my/5588/11/Chapter_8_Dutch_SHop_Houses_in_Melaka.pdf

Dewiyana, Ibrahim, N., & Hajar, N. of (2016, July 05).

E., The Kelvin, 2016. Shophouses - George Town World Heritage Incorporated. [online] George
Aspects Adaptive Reuse 2020, of
Green Penaga Town World Heritage Incorporated. Available at: <http://gtwhi.com.my/our-
Retrieved October from Hotel
15, work/shophouses/> [Accessed 18 October 2020].
https://
www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S187704281630297X

Maarten, rebirth of Malacca shophouse, a typological

Eric, n.d. ERIC LAFFORGUE PHOTOGRAPHY - Malaysia. [online] Ericlafforgue.com.
2009. research. Traditional Values in a Contemporary World,
Available at: <http://www.ericlafforgue.com/gallery/Countries/Malaysia> [Accessed
Available at: [online]
<https://repository.tudelft.nl/islandora/object/uuid:3f87afa3-
18 October 2020]..
4fe7-
493c-9e43-9ea2e45ddfbe/datastream/OBJ/download> [Accessed 18 October
2020].

Georgetown World Heritage Site Inc. (n.d.). Penang SHopHouse : An Online Guide.

Retrieved from https://penangsHopHouse.wordpress.com.

AAD 1200 APPLIED ARTS AND DESIGN (CONSERVATION) SHOPHOUSE FACADE IN MALAYSIA 47
 REFERENCE 8.0

8.0 REFERENCE

Malaymail.com. 2018. Private Museums All The Rage In Perak | Malay Mail. [online]
Nordiana. w., Nurul Huda and Rizallinda Ishak, 2015. An Overview on the Typology of
Available at: <https://www.malaymail.com/news/malaysia/2018/06/30/private- Shophouses’ Façade at the Heritage Area in Ipoh City. Proceedings of Postgraduate
museums-all-the-rage-in-perak/1647101> [Accessed 17 October 2020].
Conference on Global Green Issues (Go Green),UiTM (Perak), Malaysia, 7-8

October,. Retrieved from https://www.researchgate.net/

Malaymail.com. 2016. Tracing The History Of Ipoh’S Most

Famous Herbal Tea | Malay Mail. [online] Available
Nur Farhana. N., Azlan Shah. A., Sitifarrah, S., Yong Adilah, Y. and Muhammad Faris, M.,
at:<https://www.malaymail.com/news/life/2016/07/31/tracing-the-history-of-ipohs-
2017. Character-Defining Elements of Shophouses Buildings in Taiping, Perak.
most-famous-herbal-tea/1172879> [Accessed 17 October 2020].
Journal of Design and Built Environment, pp.139-149.

Peter, 2019. [Ipoh, Malaysia] Colonial British-Hainanese Cuisine At Durbar @ FMS.

National Heritage Act 2005. laws Of Malaysia. Available at: [online] Hungry Onion. Available at: <https://www.hungryonion.org/t/ipoh-
<http://www.gtwhi.com.my/images/stories/files/NATIONAL%20HERITAGE%20ACT%
malaysia-colonial-british-hainanese-cuisine-at-durbar-fms/17734>
202005.pdf> [Accessed 18 October 2020]. [Accessed 17
October 2020]

Nordiana, Wan & Ali, Wan & Ibrahim, Azira & Ishak, Noor & Teknologi, Universiti & Remah Y. Gharib, (2017) "Preservation of built heritage: an Islamic perspective (1)",
Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development,
Perak, Mara. (2016). The Architectural Styles of Heritage SHopHouses' Building
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 REFERENCE 8.0

8.0 REFERENCE

Taylor, 2017. fwu chang design and souvenir. methods of Yeow wooi tan., 2015. PENANG SHOPHOUSE : A handbook of features and materials.
documentation and measured drawing, [online] Available at: [Place of publication not identified]: TAN YEOW WOOI CULTURE &.Retrieved
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> 18 October 2020].

Yi Yang, Nuraina Maisarah and Mariam, s., 2018. studying the condition of shophouse
Tourismperakmalaysia.com. (n.d.). Ho Yan Hor Museum - Tourism Perak. [online]
Available at: <https://www.tourismperakmalaysia.com/place/J62/Ho-yan-Hor- after adaptive reuse : case study of cafe in Kuala Lumpur city centre. faculty of built
environment university malaya, [online] Available at:
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Wagner, Ashley, "Malaysian Shophouses: Creating Cities of Character" (2017).

Architecture Undergraduate Honors Theses. 20. Zahari Zubir et al., Int. J. of Herit. Archit., Vol. 2, No. 2 (2018) 335–346

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Weebers, R. C., Md Ali, Z., & Ahmad, Y. (2010, February). Analysis of Facade Typology
of Dutch SHophHouses in Melaka. Retrieved October 15, 2020, from
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www.researchgate.net/publication/256765951_Analysis_of_Facade_Typology_of_
Dutch_SHophHouses_in_Melaka

AAD 1200 APPLIED ARTS AND DESIGN (CONSERVATION) SHOPHOUSE FACADE IN MALAYSIA 49
 KULLIYYAH OF ARCHITECTURE AND ENVIRONMENTAL DESIGN

APPLIED ARTS AND DESIGN

AAD 1200 APPLIED ARTS AND DESIGN STUDIO 3 (CONSERVATION)

SEMESTER 1, 2020/2021

TASK 2
BURPS AND GIGGLE, IPOH
‘AINA MARDHIAH BINTI RAZALI (1918962)

ASST. PROF. DR. ZUMAHIRAN BT KAMARUDDIN

 TABLE OF CONTENT

CONTENT PAGE
1.0 Introduction 1-2

2.0 Historical Background 3-4

3.0 Architectural Style 5-18

4.0 Analysis of Composition principles 19-23

5.0 Islamic Principles 24-26

6.0 Conclusion 27-28

7.0 References 29-31

1.0 INTRODUCTION
BURPS AND GIGGLES CAFE

1
DEFINITION OF FAÇADE
Based on Meriam Webster dictionary, façade means the front
if the building that given special architectural treatment. The
origin of the façade was from Italian word “facciata” and it can be
define as a main of front feature of a building. Façade was
important structure for a building because facade can protect the
bulding element from the external weather such as rain, wind and
sun. Futhermore, facade also can help in give the comfort to the
people inside, reduce the energy consumption and the
mantainance cost.

2
2.0 HISTORY BACKGROUND
BURPS AND GIGGLES CAFE

3
BURPS AND GIGGLES CAFE
This café was located at Jalan Sultan
Yusof (Belfield Street) right next to Ipoh
Kong Heng. The café was a dressmaker’s
store named U.S. Peter about on 1930s. The
façade of the café had the eclectic style with
the colonial-era style design. The café
started in 2012 by Dextar Song who worked
in financial and logistic in Australia then
returned to Ipoh. Then, started the café
business with Julie as co-owner and Rachel
as café manager. But in 2017, the café was
handed over to Amanda Teoh and Claire
Thoo. The café open from 10am- to 6pm on
Wednesday until Friday and 9.30 am to 9.30 Figure 2.1 : Façade of the Burps and Giggles Café. (Tindall, 2016)

pm on weekdays and close on Monday and

Tuesday.
4
3.0 ARCHITECTURAL STYLES
BURPS AND GIGGLES CAFE

5
ECLECTIC (1890s-1950s)
WALL
Technique Painted by pastel and
bright blue colour
Material Clay
Advantages Enhance the
appearance of the
façade.
Disadvantages The paint were faded
due the weather and
temperature.

Table 1.0: Detail of the wall of the shophouse.

Figure 3.1: Wall of the shophouse. (Tindall, 2016)

6
ECLECTIC (1890s-1950s)
WINDOW
Technique • Three windows full
length shutters on the
upper storey.
• Top part has louvres and
bottom part is a flat
panel.
Material Timber
Advantages Help in avoid the wind and
water from the rain from
entering the shophouse.
Disadvantages The timber can be destroyed
by the termite.

Table 2.0: Detail of the window of the shophouse.

Figure 3.2: Window of the shophouse. (Tindall, 2016)

7
ECLECTIC (1890s-1950s)
WINDOW
Technique Louver of the glass
window.
Material Glass
Advantages Can get direct natural
sunlight.
Disadvantages No sense of privacy for
the people inside.

Table 3.0: Detail of the window of the shophouse.

Figure 3.3: Window of the shophouse. (Tindall, 2016)

8
ECLECTIC (1890s-1950s)
FANLIGHT
Technique • Transoms are flat
arched or semi-
circular fanlight
infilled with glass.
• Simple wooden
geometric railing
design.
Material Glass
Advantages Provide enough natural
sunlight.
Disadvantages No sense of privacy fro
the people inside.

Table 4.0: Detail of the fanlight of the shophouse.

Figure 3.4: Fanlight of the shophouse. (Tindall, 2016)

9
ECLECTIC (1890s-1950s)
PILASTER
Technique • Pilaster as the frame for
the window.
• Classical revival style
with a raised panel
pilaster.
• A simple decorative
carving.
Material Clay
Advantages Adding a sense of
craftsmanship for the
architectural value.
Disadvantages The decorative design were
faded away.

Table 5.0: Detail of the pilaster of the shophouse.

Figure 3.5: Pilaster Wall of the shophouse. (Tindall, 2016)

10
ECLECTIC (1890s-1950s)
CORNICE
Technique Simple horizontal
design with two step
up.
Material Clay
Advantages Throwing rainwater
free of the building’s
wall.

Table 6.0: Detail of the cornice of the shophouse.

Figure 3.6: Cornice of the shophouse. (Tindall, 2016)

11
ECLECTIC (1890s-1950s)
KEYSTONE
Technique Simple geometric
design.
Material Clay
Advantages To give the a center
value for the eye view.

Table 7.0: Detail of the keystone of the shophouse.

Figure 3.7: Keystone of the shophouse. (Tindall, 2016)

12
ECLECTIC (1890s-1950s)
COLUMN
Technique Simple column design
Material Clay
Advantages Give strong value of
neoclassical style.
Table 8.0: Detail of the column of the shophouse.

COLUMN
CAPITAL

COLUMN
BASE

Figure 3.8: Column of the shophouse. (Tindall, 2016)

13
ECLECTIC (1890s-1950s)
BEAM
Technique Simple horizontal
style.
Material Clay
Advantages Support the structure of
the façade.
Table 9.0: Detail of the beam of the shophouse.

Figure 3.9: Beam of the facade. (Tindall, 2016)

14
ECLECTIC (1890s-1950s)
DOOR
Technique Simple wooden
geometry railing
design.
Material Timber and glass
Advantages Supplies natural
lighting from the sun.
Disadvantages Wood can be destroyed
by the termite.

Table 10.0: Detail of the door of the shophouse.

Figure 3.10: Door of the facade. (Tindall, 2016)

15
ECLECTIC (1890s-1950s)
ORNAMENT
Technique Floral design carving
such as leaf sunflower
motif.
Material Clay
Advantages Improve the aesthetic
value of the façade.
Disadvantages The carving were faded
away.

Table 11.0: Detail of the door of the shophouse.

Figure 3.11: Ornament of the facade. (Tindall, 2016)

16
ECLECTIC (1890s-1950s)
AIR VENTILATION
Technique Louver style
Material Timber
Advantages Manage the air flow
Disadvantages Can be destroyed by
the termite.

Table 12.0: Detail of the air ventilation of the

shophouse.

Figure 3.12: Air ventilation of the facade. (Tindall, 2016)

17
ECLECTIC (1890s-1950s)
GRILL
Technique Modern grill style
Material Metal
Advantages To protect the safety of
the valuable thing
inside.
Disadvantages Can get rusty easily.

Table 13.0: Detail of the grill of the shophouse.

Figure 3.13: Grill of the facade. (Tindall, 2016)

18
4.0 ANALYSIS OF COMPOSITION
PRINCIPLES
BURPS AND GIGGLES CAFE

19
4.1 Symmetry Façade Design
The left and right part of the façade was
the same. The design of the window and the
door symmetrical to each other. Symmetrical
design also one of the element of
neoclassical style.

4.1.1: Symmetry line of the façade. (Aina,2020)

20
4.2 Repeated Pattern Design
The design of the
window were use
repeatedly for the three
window.

4.2.1: Window on the façade. (Aina, 2020)

21
4.3 Emphasizing in Line
The façade contain many horizontal
and vertical line such as for cornice and
column.

4.3.1: Cornice on the façade. (Aina, 2020)

4.3.2: Column on the façade.
(Aina, 2020)
22
4.4 Decoration Attribute
Decoration
such as carving
with floral and
leaf motif on
column and above
the cornice.

4.4.1: Decoration on the

façade. (Aina, 2020)

23
5.0 ISLAMIC PERSPECTIVE
BURPS AND GIGGLES CAFE

24
5.0 Islamic Perspective
Islam really appreciate aesthetic beauty. As for us human, as the Khaliah
of earth, Allah order us to take care of the environment with beauty. As for
the façade, the decoration such as the carving of floral motif depict the
beauty of the façade. In Quran,

Figure 5.1: Surah Al-A’raf 7:32. (Yusof, 2011). 25

5.0 Islamic Perspective
In other word, Islam really show the importance of the every detail
thing in the environment. Then, the façade style show the detailing on
design of the column and the window. The detail of the façade can
improve the architectural value and beauty. There is one hadith;

Figure 5.2: Hadith about beauty. (Remah, 2017)

26
6.0 BURPS
CONCLUSION
AND GIGGLES CAFE

27
6.0 CONCLUSION
Every façade structure hold strong value for the architectural
purposes. Façade was very importance in the building heritage because
its portray the image of the place and culture. Analytical study of the
attribute of the facade developed the importance of the preservation and
conservation of heritage value.

28
7.0 REFERENCES
BURPS AND GIGGLES CAFE

29
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architecture Li, T. (2007). A Study of Ethnic Influence on the Facades of Colonial Shophouses in Singapore:
A Case Study of Telok Ayer in Chinatown. Journal Of Asian Architecture And Building
 
Engineering, 6(1), 41-48. doi: 10.3130/jaabe.6.41
Askari, A., & Dola, K. (2020). Influence of Building Façade Visual Elements on Its Historical
 
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Thaller, W., Zmugg, R., Krispel, U., Posch, M., Havemann, S., & Fellner, D. (2013). Yusof, Z. B. (2011). ISLAM AND ARCHITECTURE: Architectural interpretation from the
CREATING PROCEDURAL WINDOWBUILDING BLOCKS USING THE values of the al Quran and sunnah. In M. M. Rashid (Ed.), Islam and Built environment
GENERATIVE FACT LABELING METHOD. ISPRS - International Archives Of The (First edit., pp. 11–18). Kuala Lumpur: IIUM Press.
Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing And Spatial Information Sciences, XL-5/W1, 235-242.
 
doi: 10.5194/isprsarchives-xl-5-w1-235-2013
Your Shophouse: Do It Right. (2018). Retrieved 29 October 2020, from https://www.ura.gov.sg/-
 
/media/Corporate/Guidelines/Conservation/YourShophouseDoItRightMay2018.pdf?la=en
Tindall, M. (2016, October 15). Burps and Giggles, Must-Visit Cafe in Ipoh, Malaysia.
 
Retrieved
October 29, 2020, from The Yum List website: https://www.theyumlist.net/2016/10/burps- Zainuddin, B. (2018). Burps & Giggles @ Ipoh Old Town. Retrieved 29 October 2020, from
and-giggles-must-visit-cafe-in-ipoh-malaysia.html https://www.uppre.com/2018/12/burps-giggles-ipoh-old-town/ 31
 KULLIYYAH OF ARCHITECTURE AND ENVIRONMENTAL DESIGN

APPLIED ARTS AND DESIGN

AAD 1200 APPLIED ARTS AND DESIGN STUDIO 3 (CONSERVATION)

SEMESTER 1, 2020/2021

TASK 3
GEOGRAPHER CAFÉ, MALACCA
‘AINA MARDHIAH BINTI RAZALI (1918962)

ASST. PROF. DR. ZUMAHIRAN BT KAMARUDDIN

9 NOVEMBER 2020
 TABLE OF CONTENT
CONTENT PAGE
1.0 Preliminary
1.1 Introduction Of Research 1-3
1.2 Location of the site 4
2.0 Historical Background
2.1 History of Jonker Street 5-7
2.2 History of Geographer café 8-10
3.0 Architectural Style
3.1 Straits Eclectic Style 11-15
4.0 Building Defects and Dilapidation 16-34
5.0 Dilapidation Maps 35-38
6.0 Proposal for the Conservation Work 39- 52
7.0 Conclusion 53-54
8.0 Measured Drawing 55-59
9.0 References 60-61
1.0 PRELIMINARY
GEOGRAPHER CAFE

1
 1.1 INTRODUCTION OF RESEARCH
Conservation is an action to secure the
survival or preservation of building, cultural
artifacts, natural resources, energy or any other
things of acknowledged valued for the future
(Paul, 2012). Conservation includes preservation,
restoration, reconstruction, rehabilitation and
adaptation activity.

This report is consensus the dilapidation study

of shophouse at Jonker street, which is Geographer
café. Building defects and dilapidation is a term Figure 1.1.1: Jonker Street now. (Ramachandram. S, Go. A, Yong
M. K., and etc. 2017)
used to indicate decay or damage to the condition
of a building. 2
 1.1 INTRODUCTION OF RESEARCH
The geographer shophouse consist of 2
buildings, which is lot 83, the old buildings,
and lot 81, new wing. However, this report will
only highlighted about the facade element of
the old building of Geographer shophouse at lot
83, Jalan hang Jebat, Melaka.

Figure 1.1.2: Geographer café 2017 . (Ramachandram. S, Go. A, Yong

M. K., and etc. 2017)

3
 1.2 LOCATION OF THE SITE
Geographer café shophouse is located at Jalan Hang Jebat (Jonker street) at the heart of Melaka in the
Old Chinatown. The shopohouse is situated at lot no. 83, at the corner of Jonker Street (Jalan Hang Jebat)
and the Jalan Hang Lekir.

Figure 1.2.1: Jonker Steet before Geographer Café open . Figure 1.2.2: Jonker Steet map . (Ramachandram. S, Go. A, Yong M.
(Ramachandram. S, Go. A, Yong M. K., and etc. 2017) K., and etc. 2017)
4
2.0 HISTORICAL
BACKGROUND
GEOGRAPHER CAFE
5
 2.1 HISTORY OF JONKER STREET
Jonker Street was located at Jalan Hang
Jebat and also known as Jonker Walk. Along
the street, it can be found that there was a lot
shop for antique collector’s item. This was one
the reason why the street still popular.

Jonker Street also the best place to bargain

to get a good price for the antique item. Jonker
street also known as Chinatown up until
known. The street was around 500 meters alon
g with the narrow road. During the 17th century, Figure 2.1.1: The street during the 1950s. (Ramachandram. S, Go.
A, Yong M. K., and etc. 2017)
the street was occupied with old houses and
shops. 6
 2.1 HISTORY OF JONKER STREET
The history started during the Dutch
period in Melaka. During that time, many
shop along the street were available in many
collectible and antiques that came from
medieval time.

Because of that, the street was named as

“antique street” however after awhile the
named changed into Jonker Street. The origin
of Jonker was from the Dutch word
“Jonkheer”. The was was to specified a place
Figure 2.1.2: The street during the Dutch period. (Ramachandram.
S, Go. A, Yong M. K., and etc. 2017)
for “young nobleman” who not from the
upper level of nobility. 7
 2.2 HISTORY OF GEOGRPHER CAFE
The history of Geographer Café started as the
Mei Jing Kopitiam in 1994. The café was known as
Lot. 83 and located at the corner of the pre-war
building. But later in 1999, the building were
renovated and constructed in order to improve the
building characteristic.

“Geographer Café opened on the 9th of August

in the year 1999, officiated by the Chief Minister of
Melaka on 27th of January 2000” (Ramachandram.
Figure 2.2.1: The Mei Jing Koptiam in 1994. (Ramachandram. S, S, Go. A, Yong M. K., and etc. 2017). The café was
Go. A, Yong M. K., and etc. 2017)
able to open another franchise at Lot. 81, Jalan
Hang Lekir in 2005. 8
 2.2 HISTORY OF GEOGRPHER CAFE
When Malaysia faced the economic crisis in
1998, the business in Melaka thought that improve
the asset that the ancestor left behind was the only
way to succeed (Ramachandram. S, Go. A, Yong
M. K., and etc. 2017).

Because of that, many people started to

renovate the old building while maintaning the
facade structure and the act was known as “Second
Renaissance”. Hence during before 1998, the
Figure 2.2.2: Jonker street now. (Ramachandram. S, Go. A, Yong
M. K., and etc. 2017) Jonker street had the eerie vibe that surrounded
with funeral parlours, casket shops and dilapidated
9
shophouses.
 2.2 HISTORY OF GEOGRPHER CAFE

Later in 1999, the Geographer café

owner, Mr. Peter propose to the company
director to allow Mr. Peter to renovated the
Lot. 83.

At first, the plan was not vey successful

however the café started to attract many
attention from the local and tourist. Hence,
this made the Jonker street became more
lively.
Figure 2.2.3 : The café in 2017. (Ramachandram. S, Go. A, Yong M.
K., and etc. 2017)

10
3.0 ARCHITECTURAL STYLE
GEOGRAPHER CAFE
11
 3.0 ARCHITECTURAL STYLE
Geographer Café shophouse have the
characteristic of Straits Eclectic style. It is a mix
selection of elements from diverse styles for
architectural decorative designs from varied
historic periods and styles thus produces the blend
of Chinese, Malay, Indian and European
architectural styles (Nordiana et al.,2015).

The European characteristic can be seen at the

Figure 3.0.1: The exterior of the café. (Ramachandram. S, Go. A,
French louvered window style with full length Yong M. K., and etc. 2017)
shutter on the first floor. Next, the Dutch influence
can be seen at the window awning at the first floor.
12
3.1 CORBEL 3.2 FRENCH LOUVERED
WINDOW

Figure 3.1.1: The corbel on the

facade. (Google map)

3.3 COLUMN
Figure 3.2.1: The window on the
facade. (Google map)

3.4 SLIDING DOOR ANR

AIR VENT

Figure 3.3.1: The column on the façade

café. (Ramachandram. S, Go. A, Yong
M. K., and etc. 2017)
Figure 3.0.2: The facade of the café. (Google map) Figure 3.4.1: The sliding door on the
façade café. (Ramachandram. S, Go. A,
Yong M. K., and etc. 2017) 13
3.5 SIGNAGE AND GLOBE 3.6 PILASTER

Figure 3.5.1: Signage on the façade.

(Tripadvisor, 2018)

Figure 3.6.1: The pilaster on the façade

café. (Ramachandram. S, Go. A, Yong
M. K., and etc. 2017)
3.7 FIVE FOOT WAY

3.8 CORNICE

Figure 3.8.1: The cornice on the façade

Figure 3.0.3: The façade of the cafe. (Tripadvisor, 2018)
café. (Ramachandram. S, Go. A, Yong
M. K., and etc. 2017)
Figure 3.7.1: The walkway on the façade
café. (Ramachandram. S, Go. A, Yong
M. K., and etc. 2017) 14
3.9 DUTCH WINDOW
AWNING 3.10 WALKWAY AWNING

Figure 3.10.1: Walkway awning on the

Figure 3.9.1: Window on the façade. façade. (Tripadvisor, 2018)
(Tripadvisor, 2018)

Figure 3.0.3: The façade of the cafe. (Tripadvisor, 2018)

15
4.0 BUILDING DEFECTS
AND DILAPIDATION
GEOGRAPHER CAFE
16
 4.1 PEELING PAINT
4.1.1 MEANING

It is the swelling of a paint film caused due to

loss of adhesion between one or more coatings or
between primer and parent surface and moisture on
the surface (jaydutt, 2018).

Peeling usually occurs on building facades,

mainly on plastered walls, columns and other areas
which are exposed to excessive rain and great Figure 4.1.1.1 : Peeling paint the side of the façade (Google maps,
2020)
dampness.

17
 4.1 PEELING PAINT
4.1.2 FACTORS OF PEELING PAINTING

According to Bakri et al. (2014), Peeling of paint occurs due to two

reasons, moisture on the surface and poor surface preparation. It
happens when new plastered or skimmed walls or ceiling are not
given enough time to completely dry before painting.

The heating on full blast to try to speed up the drying process also
result to peeling paint. This is because the sudden rise in temperature
can cause different problems. Another reasons that peeling paint
occurs is that when the initial coat of paint on the new plaster is bog
Figure 4.1.2.1 : Peeling paint the side of the
standard silk applied undiluted directly to the plaster. façade (Google maps, 2020)

18
 4.2 BLACK STAINS
4.2.1 MEANING

It is a stains of either mold or algae. These stains may appear on natural wood, stained wood,
painted wood, vinyl, or other plastics, aluminum, and many other materials, even masonry or stone
(inspectapedia, 2008).

Figure 4.2.1.1 : Black stains on top of column Figure 4.2.1.2 : Black stains on top of cornice. Figure 4.2.1.3 : Black stains on top of window
(Google maps, 2020) (Google maps, 2020) awning. (Google maps, 2020)
19
 4.2 BLACK STAINS
4.2.2 FACTORS OF BLACK STAINS

These stains are mainly occurred because of moisture, shade and a building surface that uses a
material or coating that is particularly conducive to algae or mold growth.

Figure 4.2.2.1 : Black stains on top of building (Google Figure 4.2.2.2 : lack stains on top of building (Google
maps, 2020) maps, 2020)

20
 4.3 DAMP PATCHES AND HOLE
4.3.1 MEANING

Damp patches is a growing circles of

damp on walls or ceilings, blotchy patches
on walls, wet and crumbly plaster or signs of
spores (Petercox, 2017). It can occur
through walls, roofs, window or door
surrounds,

Figure 4.3.1.1 : Crumbly plaster on bressummer beam.

(Google maps, 2020)

21
 4.3 DAMP PATCHES AND HOLE
4.3.2 FACTORS OF DAMP
PATCHESS AND HOLE

Damp patches on walls are generally the

result of moisture that cannot escape and also
because of the age and state of the house.

The dampness also happen because of

water came inside the wall through cracks or
mortar joints. The damp patches could be occur
Figure 4.3.2.1 : Crumbly plaster on bressummer beam.
because of leaking gutters or downpipe, (Google maps, 2020)

defective drain, and burst plumbing.

22
 4.4 CRACK ON THE WALLL
4.4.1 MEANING

Crack can be usual on the wall is vertical and horizontal cracks in the concrete, drywall or plaster
wall because of the drying and shrinkage. This is normal after the construction.

Figure 4.4.1.1 : Crack on the

wall. (Ramachandram. S,
Go. A, Yong M. K., and etc.
2017)
23
 4.4 CRACK ON THE WALLL
4.4.2 FACTORS THAT CAUSE
CRACK ON THE WALL

Crack on the wall is normally due to the

bad construction. This is because the
fluctuating humidity level, soil movement and
shallow foundation that responsible for the
building’s settling.

Crack defect can be serious as it need Figure 4.4.2.1 : Crack on the wall.
(Ramachandram. S, Go. A, Yong M. K., and etc.
professional attention to repair since it can 2017)

cause the wall to collapse.

24
 4.5 RUST
4.5.1 MEANING

Rust on the metal product is due to the

existed of mixture air and water. Rust can
reduce the strength of the metal and reduce the
appearance beauty.

Figure 4.5.1.1 : The outdoor retractable table’s

hinges are rusted due to the weather
(Ramachandram. S, Go. A, Yong M. K., and etc.
2017)

25
 4.5 RUST
4.5.2 FACTORS THAT CAUSE
THE RUST
For the shophouse façade, the metal sliding
door and metal table’s hinge are rusted due to the
weather. Since it was exposed to the outside
temperature, the humidity fastener the process of
rust.

Rust can prevent by putting the varnish on the

product. This can improve the quality of the product Figure 4.5.2.1 : Rust is forming on the metal
sliding doors. (Ramachandram. S, Go. A, Yong
for the longer use. M. K., and etc. 2017)

26
 4.6 POOR WIRING
4.6.1 MEANING

Poor wiring system outside the shop mean that the

wiring system was not put in proper place that can help
improve the façade structure building .

5.3.2 FACTORS THAT CAUSE THE POOR

WIRING

Poor wiring maintenance can happen due the low

maintenance. This happen because of the lack attention Figure 4.6.1.1 : Wiring system outside the house.
(Ramachandram. S, Go. A, Yong M. K., and etc.
from the people surrounding. This can lead short circuit 2017)

of the shophouse. Wiring system can be manage to

enhance the façade aesthetic. 27
 4.7 ANALYSIS ON DAMAGES AND DEFECT
ELEMENT TYPE OF DAMAGE SERIES NO CHARACTHERISTIC FACTOR

On the Top of the The characteristic of black The factor that cause
Building. stain: black stain:
• Growing circles of • The moisture after
damp on walls or the rain.
Black stain. T001 ceilings, blotchy • The overhang
patches on walls, wet prevent the part
and crumbly plaster or from getting
signs of spores sunlight.
Figure 4.7.1 : Black stains on top
of building (Google maps, 2020)

On the Top of the The characteristic of black The factor that cause
Building. stain: black stain:
• Black colour. • The moisture after
• Appear on the upper the rain.
Black stain. T002 part of the building. • Lack of
maintenance to
clean it up.
Figure 4.7.2 : Black stains on top
of building (Google maps, 2020)

Table 1.0: Analysis on damages and defect on the façade. 28

 4.7 ANALYSIS ON DAMAGES AND DEFECT
ELEMENT TYPE OF DAMAGE SERIES NO CHARACTHERISTIC FACTOR

First Floor. The characteristic of The factor that cause

peeling paint: peeling paint:
• Crack of the paint. • Moisture on the
• The paint falling down surface and poor
Peeling Paint. FF001 on the ground in surface preparation.
pieces. • Sudden rise in
• Colour faded. temperature
Figure 4.7.3: Peeling paint the
side of the façade (Google maps,
2020)
First Floor. The characteristic of black The factor that cause
stain: black stain:
• Black colour. • The moisture after
• Appear on the upper the rain.
Black stain. FF002 part of the window • The window
awning. awning prevent
from getting the
sunlight.
Figure 4.7.4: Black stains on top
of window awning. (Google maps,
2020)

Table 2.0: Analysis on damages and defect on the façade. 29

 4.7 ANALYSIS ON DAMAGES AND DEFECT
ELEMENT TYPE OF DAMAGE SERIES NO CHARACTHERISTIC FACTOR

First Floor The characteristic of black The factor that cause

stain: black stain:
• Black colour. • The moisture after
• Appear on the corner the rain.
Black stain. FF003 between the cornice. • Lack maintenance
to clean it up.

Figure 4.7.5: Black stains on top

of cornice. (Google maps, 2020)

First Floor. The characteristic of black The factor that cause

stain: black stain:
• Black colour. • The moisture after
• Appear on the surface the rain.
Black stain. FF004 of the cornice. • Lack of
maintenance to
clean it up.
Figure 4.7.6 : Black stains on top
of column (Google maps, 2020)

Table 3.0: Analysis on damages and defect on the façade. 30

 4.7 ANALYSIS ON DAMAGES AND DEFECT
ELEMENT TYPE OF DAMAGE SERIES NO CHARACTHERISTIC FACTOR

First Floor The characteristic of damp The factor that cause

patches and hole: damp patches and hole:
• Growing circles of • Leaking gutters or
damp on walls. downpipe,
Damp patches and hole. FF005 • Blotchy patches on defective drain, and
walls. burst plumbing.
• Wet and crumbly • Trap water on the
plaster or signs of water.
Figure 4.7.7: Crumbly plaster on
bressummer beam (Google maps,
spores.
2020)
First Floor. The characteristic of poor The factor that cause
wiring: poor wiring:
• Wiring system was not • Lack of
put in proper place. maintenance to take
Poor wiring. FF006 care of it.

Figure 4.7.8: Wiring system

outside the house.
(Ramachandram. S, Go. A, Yong
M. K., and etc. 2017)

Table 4.0: Analysis on damages and defect on the façade. 31

 4.7 ANALYSIS ON DAMAGES AND DEFECT
ELEMENT TYPE OF DAMAGE SERIES NO CHARACTHERISTIC FACTOR

Ground Floor. The characteristic of crack The factor that cause

on the wall: crack on the wall:
• Crack on horizontal • Drying and
line and vertical line. shrinkage.
Crack on the wall. GF001 • The fluctuating
humidity level, soil
movement and
Figure 4.7.9: Crack on the wall. shallow foundation.
(Ramachandram. S, Go. A, Yong M. K.,
and etc. 2017)
Ground Floor. The characteristic of crack The factor that cause
on the wall: crack on the wall:
• Crack on horizontal • Drying and
line and vertical line. shrinkage.
Crack on the wall. GF002 • The fluctuating
humidity level, soil
movement and
Figure 4.7.10: Crack on the wall. shallow foundation
(Ramachandram. S, Go. A, Yong
M. K., and etc. 2017)

Table 5.0: Analysis on damages and defect on the façade. 32

 4.7 ANALYSIS ON DAMAGES AND DEFECT
ELEMENT TYPE OF DAMAGE SERIES NO CHARACTHERISTIC FACTOR

Ground Floor. The characteristic of rust: The factor that cause

• Brownish colour with rust:
rough texture. • Expose in humidity
• Left a smell of rust on that fastened the
Rust. GF003 the hand when touch it. process.

Figure 4.7.11: Rust is forming on the

metal sliding doors. (Ramachandram.
S, Go. A, Yong M. K., and etc. 2017)
Ground Floor. The characteristic of rust: The factor that cause
• Brownish colour with rust:
rough texture. • Expose in humidity
• Left a smell of rust on that fastened the
Rust. GF004 the hand when touch it. process.

Figure 4.7.12: The outdoor retractable

table’s hinges are rusted due to the
weather (Ramachandram. S, Go. A,
Yong M. K., and etc. 2017)

Table 6.0: Analysis on damages and defect on the façade.

33
4.7 ANALYSIS ON DAMAGES AND DEFECT
Analysis on Damages and Defect

5% 1%
8%

9%

55%

21%

Black Stain Peeling Paint Damp Patches Crack Rust Poor Wiring
Pie Chart 1.0: Analysis on damages and defect on the façade. 34
5.0 DILAPIDATION MAPS
GEOGRAPHER CAFE

35
 5.1 FRONT VIEW OF THE FACADE LEGEND
Black Stains
5.1.1: T001 5.1.3: FF004
Dump Patches
and hole

Rust

Figure 5.1.1.1 : Black stains on Figure 5.1.3.1 : Black stains on

top of building (Google maps, top of column (Google maps,
2020) 2020)

5.1.4: FF005
5.1.2: GF003

Figure 5.1.2.1: Rust is forming on the Figure 5.1.4.1: Crumbly plaster on

metal sliding doors. (Ramachandram. bressummer beam (Google maps,
S, Go. A, Yong M. K., and etc. 2017) Figure 5.1.0.1: Front elevation of the façade 2020)
(Aina, 2020) 36
 5.2 SIDE VIEW OF THE FACADE LEGEND
Black Stains
5.2.1: T002 5.2.3: FF002
Peeling Paint

Figure 5.2.1.1 : Black stains on

top of building (Google maps, Figure 5.2.3.1: Black stains on top
2020) of window awning. (Google maps,
2020)

5.2.2: FF003

5.2.4: FF001

Figure 5.2.0.1: Side elevation of the façade

Figure 5.2.2.1: Black stains on top
of cornice. (Google maps, 2020) (Aina, 2020)
Figure 5.2.4.1: Peeling paint the
side of the façade (Google maps,
2020)

37
 5.2 SIDE VIEW OF THE FACADE LEGEND
Crack on th
5.2.5: T002 5.2.7: GF002 Wall

Poor Wiring

Rust

Figure 5.2.5: Wiring system

Figure 5.2.7.1: Crack on the wall.
outside the house.
(Ramachandram. S, Go. A, Yong M. K.,
(Ramachandram. S, Go. A, Yong
and etc. 2017)
M. K., and etc. 2017)

5.2.6: GF001 5.2.7: GF004

Figure 5.2.0.1: Side elevation of the façade

(Aina, 2020) Figure 5.2.7.1: The outdoor retractable
Figure 5.2.6.1: Crack on the wall.
table’s hinges are rusted due to the
(Ramachandram. S, Go. A, Yong
weather (Ramachandram. S, Go. A,
M. K., and etc. 2017)
Yong M. K., and etc. 2017)

38
 6.0 PROPOSAL ON
CONSERVATION WORK
GEOGRAPHER CAFE
39
 6.1 CONSERVATION
Based on Siti Nurhaliza Harun in 2011, the conservation principle is the “practice of building
conservation should maintain as much as possible the original building structure and fabric. The true
concept of conservation is preserving the authenticity of the heritage base on the original or historical
evident. Authenticity is a process or desire to reveal the true nature of an object”. The example of basic
principle in conservation;
• Careful recording and research before • Distinctive or distinguishable use of new
intervention. and additional material
• Minimum alteration of historic fabrics. • Sympathy in interpretation and sympathy in
• Minimal risk of significant loss, damage or use
uncertainty in performance through • Respect for the quality of place
intervention. • Preference for original material and
• Reversibility of interventions. workmanship
• Retention of a minimum of the original • Longevity in the finished work
structure.
40
 6.1 CONSERVATION
There are stage in doing conservation works such as doing the preliminary research, the dilapidation
study, preparation document for tender, process of conservation work and maintain the result. Basically, the
conservation work will begin after the preliminary work has been done. “The building conservation process
start with roof repair and continue with others part of buildings elements. The process is from top to the
down of the buildings” (Siti, 2011). This are the example of conservation work;
1. Removal of dirt, fungal and harmful growth on
wall and column.
2. Dismantling roof tiles and storage the salvage. 1. Remove and replace the badly decayed timber
3. Cover the roof structure before started restoration floor
works. 2. Hack off the crumble plaster
4. Removal of any rotten timber trusses and 3. Re-plastering and painting the wall with lime
ceilings. wash
5. Reconstruct the central Jack Roof 4. Reconstruct the collapse and damage column to
6. Laying new clay tiles the original form
7. Fixing water proofing membrane to roof 5. Remove and re-pointing loose mortar on the
exposed bricks. 41
6. Restoring any decayed door, window and
 6.2 PROPOSAL ON CONSERVATION WORK
6.2.1 DESIGN CONCEPT

The proposed for the design concept is nature and calmness that related with the GEOGRAPHER
corresponding with the café name. In literal greek meaning of geographer is “geo” stand for earth and
graphy mean description. Then, the meaning of geographer is someone who study earth environment
and human society.

The idea for the concept is to add the nature appearance to the façade. This is because the idea is to
show the element of calmness. Hence, the customer can eat the café with the calmness environment.
The colour like light green, dark green and blue will be used.

42
 6.2 PROPOSAL ON CONSERVATION WORK
6.2.2 MAINTANENCE

The maintenance of the building façade is important by giving continues protection and care to the
building element. The façade face black stain problem on the external wall. This is cause by the humidity
and the moisture of the surrounding. This can lead to exist in algae and mould. At the façade, there are
several places that had black stain such as above the window awning, on the top of the building, at the
hidden part below the roof overhang and at the cornice.

The black stain can be prevent by mixing water with solvent such as oxygen bleach. This water
solution can remove the black stain with the high pressure water. To improve the wall appearance after
cleaning the black stain, the wall be painted with the original colour.

43
 6.2 PROPOSAL ON CONSERVATION WORK

The maintenance of the building façade is important by giving continues protection and care to the
building element. For example, the maintenance for the wiring system at the facade and for the rusty metal
product at the ground floor. In other word, the wiring at the façade should be put in the PVC tube to make
it look neat. Then, the metal item can be avoid from rust by putting oil or grease.

Other than that, the damp patches at the in front of the façade should be maintain also by observing
the area to find the cause of it. Normally, it because the leakage from the water pipes or the rain itself. This
can be prevent by painted the wall using a mould resistant emulsion paint. Hence, the cultural heritage of
the façade can maintain while enhancing the façade appearance.

44
 6.2 PROPOSAL ON CONSERVATION WORK
6.2.3 REPAIR

Repair conservation in means that repair of material or site to original or similar material to make
the material long lasting. The new material should also according to the historic appearance, texture,
colour, and form. As for the example, improve the colour paint of the façade by painted the wall with
same colour of paint.

On the other hand, the crack on the wall can be repair too. The crack can be treat by using
technique plaster wall patching. The crack should be repair to prevent the crack become a serious issue.

45
 6.2 PROPOSAL ON CONSERVATION WORK
6.2.4 REFURBISHMENT

Refurbishment in conservation work mean that renew or restore the appearance or condition. As
for the facade, the refurbishment work will start by adding the railing on the ground as for the neat and
safety of the customer. Other than that, the façade’s appearance will be enhance by adding the planter
box to improve the uses of nature for the façade. Furthermore, to improve the appearance the walkway
awning can be change to the new one in better colour and material.

In addition the signage of the café can be improve by larger the font of the signage and put at the
eye-catching view. This can attract more customer to go to the café. The refurbishment work can give
benefit to the facade’s appearance while maintaining the cultural element on the façade.

46
 6.2 PROPOSAL ON CONSERVATION WORK
6.2.4 REFURBISHMENT
6.2.4.1 Awning

Figure 6.2.4.1.1 : Type of awning. (Dartmouth Awning Figure 6.2.4.1.2 : Type of awning. (Pinterest, 2020)
Campony, 2020)

47
 6.2 PROPOSAL ON CONSERVATION WORK
6.2.4 REFURBISHMENT
6.2.4.1 Awning

Figure 6.2.4.1.3 : Type of the frame of the awning.

(Pinterest, 2020)
Figure 6.2.4.1.4: Type of frame awning. (Pinterest,
2020)

48
 6.2 PROPOSAL ON CONSERVATION WORK
6.2.4 REFURBISHMENT
6.2.4.1 Awning

Figure 6.2.4.1.5 : Sketch idea of awning. (Aina, 2020)

Figure 6.2.4.1.6 : Type of frame awning. (Pinterest,
2020)
49
 6.2 PROPOSAL ON CONSERVATION WORK
6.2.4 REFURBISHMENT
6.2.4.2 Railing and Planter Box

Figure 6.2.4.2.1: detail on planter box. (Pinterest, 2020) Figure 6.2.4.2.2: Planter box with a little cornice.
(Pinterest, 2020)

50
 6.2 PROPOSAL ON CONSERVATION WORK
6.2.4 REFURBISHMENT
6.2.4.2 Railing and Planter Box

Figure 6.2.4.2.4: Planter box with railing. (Pinterest,

Figure 6.2.4.2.3: Sketch on planter box. (Aina, 2020)
2020)
51
 6.2 PROPOSAL ON CONSERVATION WORK
6.2.4 REFURBISHMENT
6.2.4.3 Signage

Figure 6.2.4.2.3: Sketch on signage. (Aina, 2020)

52
7.0 CONCLUSION
GEOGRAPHER CAFE

53
 7.0 CONCLUSION
In conclusion, the Geographer café may not need fully renovation of the façade structure.
The façade may need a little touch up for the wall as for the faded paint. This can enhance the
appearance of façade as beautiful as new. Hence, the Geographer Café can continue the
business while conserving the building so that the building can be used for a long time. The
Geographer Café hold the value in historical and cultural significance. As for the historical
significance, the building that existed since 18th century faced a lot of event at this historic
street. While for the cultural significance, the café had element of the other culture such as
Dutch culture such as Dutch window awning and shape of the building is the typical of
traditional Nyonya shophouse.

54
8.0 MEASURED DRAWING
GEOGRAPHER CAFE

55
 FRONT ELEVATION
N.T.S
5155 mm

510

1
30
3185 mm
0
70
7900 mm

1
30
3650 mm

Figure 8.1: Front elevation of the façade. (Aina, 2020) 56

 FLOOR PLAN
N.T.S

1620 mm 3740 mm 2160 mm 3385 mm 3290 mm

120 280 250 280 290

1920 mm

180
5940 mm

820

310
3650 mm

Figure 8.2: Side elevation of the facade. (Aina, 2020) 57

 FLOOR PLAN
N.T.S

13025 mm 1640 mm

3 16 3, 13 350
5730 mm

1230
3800 mm

900

Figure 8.3: A little bit of ground floor plan (Aina, 2020)

58
 TWO POINT OF
PERSPECTIVE
N.T.S

Figure 8.4: Two point of perspective of façade. (Aina,

2020)
59
8.0 REFERENCES
GEOGRAPHER CAFE

60
 8.0 REFERENCES
Hbp.usm.my. 2020. MALACCA ENACTMENT NO.6 Of 1988. [online] Available

at: <http://www.hbp.usm.my/conservation/laws/malacca%20enactment.html>

[Accessed 18 October 2020].

Hotel Penaga. (2014). About Us. Retrieved October 15, 2020, from
http://www.Hotelpenaga.com/about-Hotel-penaga

Kelvin, 2016. Shophouses - George Town World Heritage Incorporated. [online] George
Town World Heritage Incorporated. Available at: <http://gtwhi.com.my/our-
work/shophouses/> [Accessed 18 October 2020].

Maarten, 2009. rebirth of Malacca shophouse, a typological

research. Traditional Values in a Contemporary World, [online]
Available at: <https://repository.tudelft.nl/islandora/object/uuid:3f87afa3-4fe7-
493c-9e43-9ea2e45ddfbe/datastream/OBJ/download> [Accessed 18 October 2020].

61