NATIONAL BUILDING

CODE OF THE PHILIPPINES

 CODES
PRACTICES
 CODES PRACTICES
Application of Codes of Practice
• Understanding the applications of various codes as
per various building types.
• Conducting a comprehensive code search process
• Representing the above analysis by preparing
detailed code data sheets as applicable in the domain
which has been
 INTRODUCTION TO
BUILDING CODES

• Building codes are a series of ordinances enacted by a

state or local governmental entity, establishing
minimum requirements that must be met in the
construction and maintenance of buildings.
• The government establishes requirements and
standards to protect people from unsafe living and
working conditions.
 PURPOSE OF CODES
What is building code?
• A building code is a document containing standardized
requirement for the design & construction of most types of
building.
• Codes regulate building construction & building use in order
to protect the health, safety & welfare of the occupant.
• Codes express all aspects of construction including structural
integrity, fire resistance, safe exists, lighting, electrical,
energy conservation, plumbing, sanitary facilities, ventilation,
seismic design & correct use of construction materials
 PURPOSE OF CODES
What is building code?

• The codes includes various aspect for regulation on

design & construction viz;
• For Planning Building/Development work
• For Structural Design
• For Constructional aspects
• For Building Services (HVAC, electrical, Acoustics, lifts
etc.)
 PURPOSE OF CODES
What is building code?
• Plumbing Services (Water supply, Sewerage, Drainage,
waste management)
• Landscaping, signs and outdoor display structures
• The purpose of all these building codes is to ensure public
safety, health & welfare as affected by building construction.
This purpose includes:
• Structural strength
• Sanitary equipment
• Light & ventilation
• Fire safety
 WHAT IS NATIONAL
BUILDING CODE?

The National Building Code is a set of rules and

regulations pertaining to the construction of all real
estate projects and buildings here in the Philippines.
National Building Code (NBC) 2005 is response to the
series of natural disasters that have had a huge impact on
the built environment.
 WHAT IS NATIONAL BUILDING
CODE OF THE PHILIPPINES?

Presidential Decree 1096, popularly known as the

National Building Code of the Philippines, which was
issued on February 19, 1977 has achieved the purpose of
enforcing uniform standards and requirements on
building design, construction, use, occupancy and
maintenance in line with the policy of the state to
safeguard life, health, property and public welfare.
- (DPWH official text revised edition, 2005)
 IMPLEMENTING PHILIPPINE
GREEN BUILDING CODE
(Amado de Jesus, 2015)
• The general provisions of the Code provide for the protection
of the people from the harmful effects of climate change.
• The technical professionals, developers, contractors, property
managers and building owners involved in the planning,
design, construction and management of buildings have the
opportunity and the responsibility to help the government
address the adverse effects of climate change by ensuring that
buildings are planned, designed, constructed, operated and
maintained to the required efficiency levels.
 IMPLEMENTING PHILIPPINE
GREEN BUILDING CODE
(Amado de Jesus, 2015)
• Resources must be used efficiently to equitably meet
the developmental and environmental needs of the
present and future generations.
• Occupants of green buildings will benefit from
improved indoor environmental quality, which
promises higher productivity and better comfort.
 CHAPTER I:
General Provisions
The general provision is all
about the policy of the national
building code of the Philippines
and the implementation of the
code and its scope
 CHAPTER II:
Administration & Enforcement
In this chapter or the administration and
enforcement it was referred to secretary.

• Secretary - shall formulate necessary rules and

regulations and adopt design and construction
standards and criteria for buildings and other
structures
 CHAPTER III:
Permits and Inspection
The processing of building permits shall be
under the overall administrative control and
supervision of the building official and his
technical staff of qualified professionals.
 CHAPTER IV:
Types of Construction
All buildings proposed for construction
shall be classified or identified according to the
following types:
• Type i
• Type ii
• Type iii
• Type iv
• Type v
 TYPE I

Buildings shall be of wood

construction.
The structural elements may be any of
the materials permitted by this code.
 TYPE II

Buildings shall be of wood construction with

protective fire-resistant materials and one-
hour fire-resistive throughout: except, that
permanent non-bearing partitions mayuse fire
retardant treated wood within the framing
assembly.
 TYPE III
• Buildings shall be of masonry and
wood construction.
• Exterior walls shall be of incombustible
fire-resistive construction.
 TYPE IV
• Buildings shall be of steel, iron, concrete, or
masonry construction.
• Walls, ceilings, and permanent partitions shall be of
incombustible fire-resistive construction: except,
that permanent non-bearing partitions of one-hour
fire-resistive construction may use fire-retardant
treated wood within the framing assembly.
 TYPE V
• Buildings shall be fire-resistive.
• The structural elements shall be of steel,
iron, concrete, or masonry construction.
• Walls, ceilings, and permanent partitions
shall be of incombustible fire-resistive
construction.
 CHAPTER V:
Requirements For Fire Zones
Requirements for fire zones, are areas
within which only certain types of
buildings are permitted to be
constructed based on their use or
occupancy, type of construction, and
resistance to fire.
 CHAPTER VI:
Fire-Resistive Requirements
In Construction
• Fire-resistive Rating
- the degree to which a material can
withstand fire as determined by generally
recognized and accepted testing methods
 CHAPTER VI:
Fire-Resistive Requirements
In Construction
• Time Period Rating
- is the length of time a material can
withstand being burned which may be one-
hour, two-hours, three-hours, four-hours, etc.
 CHAPTER VII:
CLASSIFICATION & GENERAL
REQUIREMENT OF ALL BUILDINGS BY
USE OF OCCUPANCY
(a) buildings proposed for construction shall be
identified according to their use or the
character of its occupancy and shall be
classified as follows:
 CHAPTER VII:
CLASSIFICATION & GENERAL
REQUIREMENT OF ALL BUILDINGS BY
USE OF OCCUPANCY
• Group A
– residential dwellings group a occupancies
shall be dwellings
 CHAPTER VII:
CLASSIFICATION & GENERAL
REQUIREMENT OF ALL BUILDINGS BY
USE OF OCCUPANCY
• Group B
– residentials, hotels and apartments group
b occupancies shall be multiple dwelling units.
 CHAPTER VII:
CLASSIFICATION & GENERAL
REQUIREMENT OF ALL BUILDINGS BY
USE OF OCCUPANCY
• Group C
– education and recreation group c
occupancies shall be buildings used for school
or day-care purposes
 CHAPTER VII:
CLASSIFICATION & GENERAL
REQUIREMENT OF ALL BUILDINGS BY
USE OF OCCUPANCY
• Group D
– institutional group d occupancies shall
include:
1. Division 1
2. Division 2
3. Division 3
 CHAPTER VII:
CLASSIFICATION & GENERAL
REQUIREMENT OF ALL BUILDINGS BY
USE OF OCCUPANCY
• Group D
1. Division 1
- mental hospitals, mental sanitaria, jails,
prisons, reformatories, and buildings were personal
liberties of inmates are similarly restrained.
 CHAPTER VII:
CLASSIFICATION & GENERAL
REQUIREMENT OF ALL BUILDINGS BY
USE OF OCCUPANCY
• Group D
2. Division 2
- nurseries for full-time care of children under
kindergarten age, hospitals, sanitaria, nursing
homes with non-ambulatory patients, and similar
buildings each accommodating more than five
persons.
 CHAPTER VII:
CLASSIFICATION & GENERAL
REQUIREMENT OF ALL BUILDINGS BY
USE OF OCCUPANCY
• Group D
3. Division 3
- nursing homes for ambulatory patients,
homes for children of kindergarten age or over,
each accommodating more than five persons:
provided, that group d occupancies shall not
include buildings used only for private or family
group dwelling
 CHAPTER VII:
CLASSIFICATION & GENERAL
REQUIREMENT OF ALL BUILDINGS BY
USE OF OCCUPANCY
• Group E
– business and mercantile group e
occupancies shall include:
1. Division 1
2. Division 2
3. Division 3
 CHAPTER VII:
CLASSIFICATION & GENERAL
REQUIREMENT OF ALL BUILDINGS BY
USE OF OCCUPANCY
• Group E
1. Division 1
- gasoline filling and service stations, storage
garages and boat storage structures where no work
is done except exchange of parts and maintenance
requiring no open flame, welding, or the use of
highly flammable liquids.
 CHAPTER VII:
CLASSIFICATION & GENERAL
REQUIREMENT OF ALL BUILDINGS BY
USE OF OCCUPANCY
• Group E
2. Division 2
- wholesale and retail stores, office buildings,
drinking and dining establishments having an
occupant load of less than one hundred persons,
printing plants, police and fire stations, factories
and workshops using not highly flammable or
combustible materials and paint stores without
bulk handlings.
 CHAPTER VII:
CLASSIFICATION & GENERAL
REQUIREMENT OF ALL BUILDINGS BY
USE OF OCCUPANCY
• Group E
3. Division 3
- aircraft hangars and open parking garages
where no repair work is done except exchange of
parts and maintenance requiring no open flame,
welding or the use of highly flammable liquids.
 CHAPTER VII:
CLASSIFICATION & GENERAL
REQUIREMENT OF ALL BUILDINGS BY
USE OF OCCUPANCY
• Group F
– industrial group f occupancies shall include: ice
plants, power plants, pumping plants, cold storage,
and creameries, factories and workshops using
incombustible and non-explosive materials, and
storage and sales rooms for incombustible and non-
explosive materials.
 CHAPTER VII:
CLASSIFICATION & GENERAL
REQUIREMENT OF ALL BUILDINGS BY
USE OF OCCUPANCY
• Group G
– storage and hazardous groups g
occupancies shall include:
1. Division 1
2. Division 2
3. Division 3
4. Division 4
5. Division 5
 CHAPTER VII:
CLASSIFICATION & GENERAL
REQUIREMENT OF ALL BUILDINGS BY
USE OF OCCUPANCY
• Group G
1. Division 1
- storage and handling of hazardous and
highly flammable material.
 CHAPTER VII:
CLASSIFICATION & GENERAL
REQUIREMENT OF ALL BUILDINGS BY
USE OF OCCUPANCY
• Group G
2. Division 2
- storage and handling of flammable
materials, dry cleaning plants using flammable
liquids; paint stores with bulk handling, paint shops
and spray painting rooms.
 CHAPTER VII:
CLASSIFICATION & GENERAL
REQUIREMENT OF ALL BUILDINGS BY
USE OF OCCUPANCY
• Group G
3. Division 3
- wood working establishments, planning
mills and box factories, shops, factories where
loose combustible fibers or dust are manufactured,
processed or generated; warehouses where highly
combustible materials is stored.
 CHAPTER VII:
CLASSIFICATION & GENERAL
REQUIREMENT OF ALL BUILDINGS BY
USE OF OCCUPANCY
• Group G
4. Division 4
- repair garages.
 CHAPTER VII:
CLASSIFICATION & GENERAL
REQUIREMENT OF ALL BUILDINGS BY
USE OF OCCUPANCY
• Group G
5. Division 5
- aircrafts repair hangars.
 CHAPTER VII:
CLASSIFICATION & GENERAL
REQUIREMENT OF ALL BUILDINGS BY
USE OF OCCUPANCY
• Group H
– assembly other than group I group h
occupancies shall include: the national building
code (p.d. 1096) 16
1. Division 1
2. Division 2
3. Division 3
4. Division 4
 CHAPTER VII:
CLASSIFICATION & GENERAL
REQUIREMENT OF ALL BUILDINGS BY
USE OF OCCUPANCY
• Group H
1. Division 1
- any assembly building with a stage and an
occupant load of less than 1000 in the building.
 CHAPTER VII:
CLASSIFICATION & GENERAL
REQUIREMENT OF ALL BUILDINGS BY
USE OF OCCUPANCY
• Group H
2. Division 2
- any assembly building without stage and
having an occupant load of 300 or more in the building.
 CHAPTER VII:
CLASSIFICATION & GENERAL
REQUIREMENT OF ALL BUILDINGS BY
USE OF OCCUPANCY
• Group H
3. Division 3
- any assembly building without a stage and
having an occupant load of less than 300 in the
building.
 CHAPTER VII:
CLASSIFICATION & GENERAL
REQUIREMENT OF ALL BUILDINGS BY
USE OF OCCUPANCY
• Group H
4. Division 4
- stadia, reviewing stands, amusement park
structures not included within group i or in division 1,
2, and 3 of this group.
 CHAPTER VII:
CLASSIFICATION & GENERAL
REQUIREMENT OF ALL BUILDINGS BY
USE OF OCCUPANCY
• Group I
– assembly occupant load 1000 or more
group i occupancies shall be any assembly
building with a stage and an occupant load of
1000 or more in the building.
 CHAPTER VII:
CLASSIFICATION & GENERAL
REQUIREMENT OF ALL BUILDINGS BY
USE OF OCCUPANCY
• Group J
- accessory group j occupancies shall include:

1. Division 1
2. Division 2
 CHAPTER VII:
CLASSIFICATION & GENERAL
REQUIREMENT OF ALL BUILDINGS BY
USE OF OCCUPANCY
• Group J
1. Division 1
- private garage, carports, sheds and
agricultural buildings.
 CHAPTER VII:
CLASSIFICATION & GENERAL
REQUIREMENT OF ALL BUILDINGS BY
USE OF OCCUPANCY
• Group J
2. Division 2
- fences over 1.80 meters high, tanks and
towers
 CHAPTER VII:
CLASSIFICATION & GENERAL
REQUIREMENT OF ALL BUILDINGS BY
USE OF OCCUPANCY
• Group J
The maximum height and number of storeys of
every building shall be dependent upon the character
of occupancy and the type of construction as
determined by the secretary considering population
density, building bulk, widths of streets and car parking
requirements does not exceed the maximun height is
3.00 meeter bu 6.00 meters above the limits high.
 CHAPTER VII:
CLASSIFICATION & GENERAL
REQUIREMENT OF ALL BUILDINGS BY
USE OF OCCUPANCY
• Group J
A) dwelling location and lot occupancy
B) light and ventilation
C) sanitation
D) foundation
E) post
 CHAPTER VII:
CLASSIFICATION & GENERAL
REQUIREMENT OF ALL BUILDINGS BY
USE OF OCCUPANCY
• Group J
F) floor
G) roof
H) stairs
I) entrance and exit
J) mechanical requirements
 CHAPTER VIII:
Light and Ventilation
The general requirements of light and
ventilation are :
(a) Subject to the provisions of the civil code of the
Philippines on easements of light and view, and to the
provisions of this part of the code, every building shall
be designed, constructed, and equipped to provide
adequate light and ventilation.
 CHAPTER VIII:
Light and Ventilation
The general requirements of light and
ventilation are :
(b) all buildings shall face a street or public alley or a
private street which has been duly approved.
(c) no building shall be altered nor arranged so as to
reduce the size of any room or the relative area of
windows to less than that provided for buildings under
this code, or to create an additional room, unless such
additional room conforms to the requirements of this
code.
 CHAPTER VIII:
Light and Ventilation
The general requirements of light and
ventilation are :
(d) no building shall be enlarged so that the
dimensions of the required court or yard would be less
than that prescribed for such building.
 CHAPTER VIII:
Light and Ventilation
Minimum sizes of rooms and their least
horizontal dimensions shall be as follows:
1. Rooms for human habitations – 6.00 sq.
m with a least dimension of 2.00 meters;
2. Kitchens – 3.0 square meters with a least
dimension of 1.50 meters;
3. Bath and toilet – 1.20 square meters
with a least dimension of 0.90 meter
 CHAPTER VIII:
Light and Ventilation
Minimum air space shall be provided as
follows:
1. School rooms – 3.00 cubic meters with
1.00 square meter of floor area per person;
2. Workshops, factories, and offices -12.00
cubic meters of air space per person;
3. Habitable rooms – 14.00 cubic meters of
air space per person.
 CHAPTER VIII:
Light and Ventilation
a) Ventilation or vent shafts shall have a horizontal
cross-sectional area of not less than 0.10 square meter
for every meter of height of shaft but in no case shall
the area be less than 1.00 square meter. No vent shaft
shall have its least dimension less than 600 millimeters.
b) Skylights – unless open to the outer air at the top
for its full area, vent shaft shall be covered by a skylight
having a net free area or fixed louver openings equal to
the maximum required shaft area.
 CHAPTER VIII:
Light and Ventilation
c) Air ducts shall open to a street or court by a
horizontal duct or intake at a point below the lowest
window opening. Such duct or intake shall have a
minimum unobstructed cross-sectional area of not
less than 0.30 square meter with a minimum
dimension of 300 millimeters. The openings to the
duct or intake shall be not less than 300 millimeters
above the bottom of the shaft and the street surface
or level of court, at the respective ends of the duct or
intake.
 CHAPTER IX:
Sanitation
All buildings hereafter erected, altered,
remodeled, relocated or repaired for human
habitation shall be provided with adequate and
potable water supply, plumbing installation, and
suitable wastewater treatment or disposal system,
storm water drainage, pest and vermin control, noise
abatement device, and such other measures required
for the protection and promotion of health of persons
occupying the premises and others living nearby.
 CHAPTER X:
Building Projection Over Public Streets
No part of any building or structure or any of
its appendages shall project beyond the property
line of the building site, except as provided in this
code.
-The projection of any structure or appendage
over a public property shall be the distance
measured horizontally from the property line to
the uttermost point of the projection
 CHAPTER X:
Building Projection Over Public Streets
- Doors, windows, and the like less than
2.40 meters above the pavement or ground
line shall not, when fully opened or upon
opening, project beyond the property line
except fire exit doors.
 CHAPTER XI:
Protection of Pedestrians During
Construction or Demolition
a) No person shall use or occupy a street, alley or public
sidewalk for the performance of work covered by a building
permit except in accordance with the provisions of this
chapter.
b) No person shall perform any work on any building or
structure adjacent to a public way in general use for
pedestrian travel, unless the pedestrians are protected as
specified in this chapter
c) Any material or structure temporarily occupying public
property, including fence, canopies, and walkways, shall be
adequately lighted, between sunset and sunrise.
 CHAPTER XII:
General Design & Construction
Requirements
Buildings proposed for construction shall
comply with all the regulations and
specifications herein set forth governing
quality, characteristics and properties of
materials, methods of design and construction,
type of occupancy and classification.
 CHAPTER XII:
General Design & Construction
Requirements
Veneer
- is a non-structural facing of brick,
concrete, tile, metal, plastic, glass, or other
similar approved materials attached to a
backing for the purpose of ornamentation,
protection.
 CHAPTER XII:
General Design & Construction
Requirements
Roof covering
- Roof covering for all buildings shall be either
fire-retardant or ordinary depending upon the fire-
resistive requirements of the particular type of
construction.
Roof trusses
- All roofs shall be so framed and tied into the
framework and supportingwalls so as to form an
integral part of the whole building.
 CHAPTER XIII:
Electrical and Mechanical Regulations
All electrical systems, equipment and
installation mentioned in this code shall
conform to the provisions of the Philippine
electrical code, as adopted by the board of
electrical engineering pursuant to republic act
no. 184 otherwise known as the electrical
engineering law.
 CHAPTER XIV:
Photographic & X-Ray Films
Classes of film exempted
a) the provisions of this section do not apply to the
following: film for amateur photographic use in original
packages of “roll” and “film pack” films in quantities of
less than 1.40 cubic meters; safety film; dental x-ray
film; establishments manufacturing photographic films
and their storage incidental thereto and films stored or
being used in standard motion picture booths.
b) safety photographic x-ray film may be identified
by the marking on the edge of the film.
 CHAPTER XV:
Pre – Fabricated Construction
Prefabricated assembly
a) Prefabricated assembly is a structural unit,
the integral parts of which have been built up or
assembled prior to incorporation in the building.
b) The secretary shall prescribe special tests
to determine the structural adequacy, durability,
soundness, weather and fire resistance of
prefabricated assemblies.
 CHAPTER XV:
Pre – Fabricated Construction
Prefabricated assembly
c.) Every device or system to connect
prefabricated assemblies shall be capable of
developing the strength of the different
members as an integral structure.
d.) Placement of prefabricated assemblies
shall be inspected to determine compliance
with this code.
 CHAPTER XVI:
Plastics
Approved plastic materials shall be those
which have a flame-spread rating of 225 or less
and a smoke density not greater than that
obtained from the burning of untreated wood
under similar conditions when tested in
accordance with generally accepted engineering
practices.
 CHAPTER XVI:
Plastics
Installation
(a) structural requirements – all plastic
materials shall be of adequate strength and
durability to withstand the prescribed design
loads.
(b) fastenings – fastenings shall be adequate
to withstand design loads and internal and
external stresses required of the assembly.
 CHAPTER XVII:
Sheet Metal Paint Spray Booths
Paint spray booths shall be
constructed of steel of not less than
no. 18 u.s. gauge in thickness and
shall be designed in accordance with
this code.
 CHAPTER XVIII:
Glass & Glazing
Glass and glazing, general requirements:
a) This chapter shall apply to exterior glass
and glazing in all occupancies except groups a,
b, and j occupancies not over three storeys in
height, and to interior and exterior glass and
glazing in all occupancies subject to human
impact as specified in this code.
 CHAPTER XVIII:
Glass & Glazing
Glass and glazing, general requirements:
b) Standards for materials shall conform to
the provisions set by the secretary on glass
dimensional tolerances, breaking stress levels,
and design safety factors.
c) Each light shall bear the manufacturer’s
label designating the type and thickness of
glass.
 CHAPTER XIX:
The Use of Computer

The use of computers for all or any part of

the design of buildings under this code is
permitted provided that all programs to be used
are documented.
 CHAPTER XX:
Signs

Sign structures shall be designed and

constructed to resist all forces in accordance
with the National Structural Code for Buildings.
For signs on buildings, the dead lateral loads
shall be transmitted through the structural
frame of the building to the ground in such a
manner as not to overstress any of the elements
of the building.
 CHAPTER XXI:
Transitory & Final Provisions

All buildings or structures constructed under

R.A. 6541 or existing city or municipal building
codes or ordinances, if legally done in
accordance therewith, shall be respected
subject to such limitations established in this
Code.
 IMPLEMENTING PHILIPPINE
GREEN BUILDING CODE
(BuildingCode.Ph, 2019)
The general provisions of the Code provide for the
protection of the people from the harmful effects of climate
change.
The Code seeks to improve the efficiency of building
performance through a framework of standards that will
enhance sound environmental and resource management to
counter harmful gases, throughout the building’s life cycle,
including efficient use of materials, site selection, planning,
design, construction, use, occupancy, operation and
maintenance, without significant increase in cost.
 RELATING P.D. NO.1096, THE 1977 NATIONAL
BUILDING OF THE PHILIPPINES (NBCP) WITH THE
2015 PHILIPPINE GREEN BUILDING CODE (PGBC) ON
THE SUBJECT OF SUSTAINABLE BUILDING DESIGN,
I. Background
In 2015, the department of public works and
highways (dpwh), with support from an international
finacing agency, promulgated the philippine green
building code (pgbc) as a referral code, specifically of
p.d. no. 1096, the 1977 national building code of the
philippines (nbcp). However, the 2015 pgbc is
essentially an executive issuance i.e. Not a law.
 RELATING P.D. NO.1096, THE 1977 NATIONAL
BUILDING OF THE PHILIPPINES (NBCP) WITH THE
2015 PHILIPPINE GREEN BUILDING CODE (PGBC) ON
THE SUBJECT OF SUSTAINABLE BUILDING DESIGN
II. The Suggested Seven (7) Levels Of Attaining
Sustainable Design For Existing And Proposed Building
Projects
- Level 1 (base level sustainable design)
- Level 2 (entry level sustainable design)
- Level 3 (medium level sustainable design)
- Level 4 (standard level sustainable design)
 RELATING P.D. NO.1096, THE 1977 NATIONAL
BUILDING OF THE PHILIPPINES (NBCP) WITH THE
2015 PHILIPPINE GREEN BUILDING CODE (PGBC) ON
THE SUBJECT OF SUSTAINABLE BUILDING DESIGN
II. The Suggested Seven (7) Levels Of Attaining
Sustainable Design For Existing And Proposed Building
Projects
- Level 5 (high level sustainable design)
- Level 6 (very high level sustainable design)
- Level 7 (highest level sustainable design)
PREPARED BY:
Alfaro, Jamaica Q.
Calosa, Sarahlyn
Campanero, Edward John
Corpuz, Billy Jake
Samatra, Jade Joy