Eight Way Symmetry
Midpoint Line Drawing Algorithm
Midpoint Line Drawing Algorithm
Midpoint (x1, y1, x2, y2){
dx= x2 - x1 ; dy = y2 - y1 ;
D = 2*dy – dx; ∆NE = 2*(dy-dx) ; ∆E = 2*dy ;
x= x1 ; y = y1 ;
while( x ≤ x2){
Draw(x, y);
x++ ;
if (D>0){
y++;
D = D+ ∆NE ;
}
else{
D = D+ ∆E ;
}
}
}
(-30, 20) to (90, 40)
dx= 90 + 30 = 120 ; dy = 40- 20 = 20;
D = 2*20 – 120 = -80; ∆NE = 2*(20-120) = -200 ; ∆E = 2*20 = 40;
45
40
35
30
25
20
15
10
0
-40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100
m = = 0.167 < 1
(20, -30) to (40, 90)
dy= 90 + 30 = 120 ; dx = 40- 20 = 20;
D = 2*120 – 20 = 220; ∆NE = 2*(120-20) = 200 ; ∆E = 2*120 = 240;
0
15 20 25 30 35 40 45
-5
-10
-15
-20
-25
-30
-35
m = = 6 >1
(30, -20) to (-90, 40)
•
• If we start from (30, -20), then we need
to decrement x to reach (-90, 40)
• If we start from (-90, 40), x will be
incremented to reach (30, -20) but y
needs to be decremented!
• m = = - 0.5 < 0
x1, y1
Midpoint Line Drawing Coordinates (x, y) of
points on the line
x2, y2
Algorithm
Eight Way Symmetry FindZone(x1, y1, x2, y2){
dx= x2 - x1 ; dy = y2 - y1 ;
Zone: 2
Zone: 1
dx<0, dy>0, |dy|>|dx| if(|dx| > |dy|){
dx>0, dy>0, |dy|>|dx|
if(dx>0 && dy>0) zone = 0;
else if(dx<0 && dy>0) zone =3;
else if (? ?) zone = ? ;
else if (? ?) zone = ?
Zone: 0 }
Zone: 3
dx<0, dy>0, |dx|>|dy| dx>0, dy>0, |dx|>|dy|
else{
if(dx>0 && dy>0) zone = 1;
Zone: 4 Zone: 7 else if(dx<0 && dy>0) zone =2;
? ? else if (? ?) zone = ? ;
else if (? ?) zone = ?
}
Zone: 5 Zone: 6
? ?
2 1
3 0 (100, 35)
4 7
(-50, -15)
5 6
dx = 100 + 50 = 150 > 0
dy = 35 + 15 = 50 > 0
|dx| > |dy|
Zone = 0
How do we utilize the zones?
Input (x1, y1) to (x2,y2) for a line of Zone M, FindZone
where M ={0, 1, …, 7}
Convert the coordinates of a line in Zone M
into the coordinates of a line in Zone 0 ?
Use the existing midpoint line drawing
algorithm for Zone 0 MidPoint
Convert the points (x, y) back to original ?
Zone M
Convert the coordinates of Zone M into the coordinates of Zone 0
Zone 1 → Zone 0
Coordinates in Zone 1: ( X, Y ) becomes (Y , X) in Zone 0
(5, 50) ConvertToZone0 (X, Y, zone){
if (zone == 1){
(50, 5) x = Y, y = X
}
return (x, y)
}
Convert the coordinates of Zone M into the coordinates of Zone 0
Zone 2 → Zone 0
Coordinates in Zone 2: ( X, Y ) becomes (Y , - X) in Zone 0
(-5, 50)
ConvertToZone0 (X, Y, zone){
if (zone == 1){
(50, 5) x = Y, y = X
}
else if (zone ==2){
x = Y, y = -X
}
return (x, y)
}
Convert the coordinates of Zone M into the coordinates of Zone 0
Zone 3 → Zone 0
Coordinates in Zone 3: ( X, Y ) becomes (-X, Y) in Zone 0
ConvertToZone0 (X, Y, zone){
if (zone == 1){
(-50, 5) (50, 5) x = Y, y = X
}
else if (zone ==2){
x = Y, y = -X
}
else if (zone ==3){
x = -X , y = Y
}
DIY for zone 4, 5, 6, 7
….
return (x, y)
}
Input (x1, y1) to (x2,y2) for a line of Zone M, FindZone
where M ={0, 1, …, 7}
Convert the coordinates of a line in Zone M
into the coordinates of a line in Zone 0 ConvertToZone0
Use the existing midpoint line drawing
algorithm for Zone 0 MidPoint
Convert the points (x, y) back to original ?
Zone M
Go back to original zone M
Zone 0 → Zone 1
Coordinates in Zone 0: ( X, Y ) becomes (Y , X) in Zone 1
(5, 50)
OriginalZone (X, Y, zone){
if (zone == 1){
(50, 5) x = Y, y = X
}
return (x, y)
}
Go back to original zone M
Zone 0 → Zone 2
Coordinates in Zone 0: ( X, Y ) becomes (-Y , X) in Zone 2
(-5, 50)
OriginalZone (X, Y, zone){
if (zone == 1){
(50, 5) x = Y, y = X
}
else if(zone == 2){
x = -Y, y = X
}
return (x, y)
}
Go back to original zone M
Zone 0 → Zone 3
Coordinates in Zone 0: ( X, Y ) becomes (-X , Y) in Zone 3
OriginalZone (X, Y, zone){
if (zone == 1){
(-50, 5) (50, 5) x = Y, y = X
}
else if(zone == 2){
x = -Y, y = X
}
else if (zone ==3){
x = -X , y = Y
}
…. DIY for zone 4, 5, 6, 7
return (x, y)
}
Input (x1, y1) to (x2,y2) for a line of Zone M, FindZone
where M ={0, 1, …, 7}
Convert the coordinates of a line in Zone M
into the coordinates of a line in Zone 0 ConvertToZone0
Use the existing midpoint line drawing
algorithm for Zone 0 MidPoint
Convert the points (x, y) back to original OriginalZone
Zone M
(-10,-20) to (-20, 70)
dx = -20 +10 = -10 < 0
dy = 70 + 20 = 90 > 0
|dy| > |dx|, zone = 2
(-10, -20) → (-20, 10) and (-20, 70) →(70, 20)
dx’ = 70 + 20 = 90, dy’ = 20-10 = 10
D = 2*10-90 = -70, ∆NE = 2*(10-90)= -160, ∆E=2*10=20
X’ Y’ D X Y
-20 10 -70 -10 -20
-19 10 -50 -10 -19
-18 10 -30 -10 -18
-17 10 -10 -10 -17
-16 10 10 -10 -16
-15 11 -150 -11 -15
-14 11 -130 -11 -14
