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Lec3 CSC 101 ICT

The document provides an introduction to concepts in information and communication technology (ICT) such as calculating screen dimensions from resolution, representing data in binary, the relationship between number of bits and values that can be stored, ASCII character encoding, converting between decimal and binary, and definitions of a byte, kilobyte, megabyte, and gigabyte in terms of bits. An assignment is given to calculate the width and height of an LCD screen given its diagonal size and maximum resolution.

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Shahzaib Hassan
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31 views9 pages

Lec3 CSC 101 ICT

The document provides an introduction to concepts in information and communication technology (ICT) such as calculating screen dimensions from resolution, representing data in binary, the relationship between number of bits and values that can be stored, ASCII character encoding, converting between decimal and binary, and definitions of a byte, kilobyte, megabyte, and gigabyte in terms of bits. An assignment is given to calculate the width and height of an LCD screen given its diagonal size and maximum resolution.

Uploaded by

Shahzaib Hassan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Introduction to ICT

Dr. Sohaib Ali


Room 242, 2nd floor, CS dept., CIIT
Student Hours: Wed, Fri 11:30-12:30

Lecture 3
Assignment 1:

 Assume an LCD with a diagonal specification of 31 inches which can support


maximum resolution of 640 * 480 pixels. Find out width and height of that LED
in inches. Also find out the minimum horizontal and vertical spacing that each
pixel can occupy in that screen.
Bits n bytes!
 Computers store bits. Each bit can have two values (0 or 1)

000
A single bit can store Two bits can store Three bits can store
00 001
0 two distinct values four distinct values eight distinct values
01 010
1 10 011 North
e.g. “yes” or “no” e.g. “left”, “right”, North-East
11 100 North-West
“up”, “down”
101
110
East
111 West

 Question: South-West South-East


South
 How many bits are required to save prime numbers from 1-15?
Information-Storage Relationship
  Three bits can store 8 unique values.

Three bits can store


 Number of bits = ┌log ()
2
┐ eight distinct values
North
North-West North-East
000 -> North If two computers are transmitting
001 -> North-East this Information, this lookup table
010 -> East should be known at both sender West East
011 -> South-East and receiver
100 -> South 001101011100 South-West South-East
101 -> South-West NE SW SE S South
110 -> West
111 -> North-West
ASCII – Character Representation

 American Standard Code for Information Interchange (ASCII)


 Instead of using different lookup tables for different types of information, use
a standard lookup table which assigns a binary code to every unique character
available in the keyboard.
How to eliminate binary columns?
Decimal – Binary Conversion

35
2 17 - 1
2 8 - 1 1 0 0 0 1 1
2 4 - 0 1 * 25 + 0 * 24 + 0 * 23 + 0 * 22 + 1 * 21 + 1 * 20 = 35
2 2 - 0 Binary to Decimal Conversion
2 1 - 0
Decimal to Binary Conversion, 6 bit representation

0 0 1 0 0 0 1 1
0 * 27 + 0 * 26 + 1 * 25 + 0 * 24 + 0 * 23 + 0 * 22 + 1 * 21 + 1 * 20 = 35

8 bit representation – Adding zeros on the most significant side (left)


doesn’t change the decimal number
Bits n bytes!

1 Byte 8 bits (28 unique values)


1 KiloByte (KB) 210 Bytes
= 1024 Bytes
= 1024 * 8 bits
1 MegaByte (MB) 210 KiloBytes
= 210 * 210 Bytes = 1024 * 1024 Bytes
= 1024 * 1024 * 8 bits

1 GigaByte (GB) 210 MegaBytes


= 210 * 210 * 210 Bytes = 1024 * 1024* 1024 Bytes
= 1024 * 1024* 1024 * 8 bits

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