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Solving Simultaneous Equations by The Algebraic Method: Book 4B Chapter 8

This document provides steps to solve simultaneous equations algebraically. It begins by showing how to solve a system of one linear and one quadratic equation by substituting the linear equation into the quadratic to obtain a single quadratic equation in one variable. It then works through an example and provides follow up questions and solutions, demonstrating how to set up and solve other types of simultaneous equation problems that may arise from word problems.

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Diliraba Dilmurat
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96 views14 pages

Solving Simultaneous Equations by The Algebraic Method: Book 4B Chapter 8

This document provides steps to solve simultaneous equations algebraically. It begins by showing how to solve a system of one linear and one quadratic equation by substituting the linear equation into the quadratic to obtain a single quadratic equation in one variable. It then works through an example and provides follow up questions and solutions, demonstrating how to set up and solve other types of simultaneous equation problems that may arise from word problems.

Uploaded by

Diliraba Dilmurat
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Book 4B Chapter 8

Solving Simultaneous Equations


by the Algebraic Method
How to solve
y=3x ?
y = x2 + 2x  7

We can solve simultaneous


equations, one linear and
one quadratic, by the
algebraic method as follow:
Solve the following simultaneous equations.
y=3x ……(1)
y = x2 + 2x  7 ……(2)

Step 1 Substitute the linear equation into


the quadratic equation.
By substituting (1) into (2), we have
3  x = x2 + 2x  7
x2 + 3x  10 = 0

Eliminate the unknown y


to obtain a quadratic
equation in x only.
Solve the following simultaneous equations.
y=3x ……(1)
y = x2 + 2x  7 ……(2)
Step 2 Solve the quadratic equation in one
unknown obtained.
The solutions can also
x + 3x  10 = 0
2
be expressed as:
(x  2)(x + 5) = 0
x = 2 or x = 5 x=2 x = 5
or
By substituting x = 2 into (1),ywe
= 1have y = 8
y = 3  (2) = 1
By substituting x = 5 into (1), we have
y = 3  (5) = 8
∴ ( x(,xy, )y ) (2(,2, 1
)1)oror((5,58, )8)
Follow-up question
Solve the following simultaneous equations.
x = y2 – 3y + 5 ……(1)
x – 2y – 1 = 0 ……(2)
From (2), we have
x = 2y + 1 ……(3)
By substituting (3) into (1), we have
2
Make2one y  1  y2 
y 2
3
3y
y  1 variabley
55the subject
2
ofy 2 the
 5 y linear
 4  0 equation before
( y  1)( y  4substitution.
)0
y or y 
 1 or 4
By
By substituting
substituting y y 1 into
1 into (3),
(3), we
we have
have
xx 2 1 )) 
2((1 11
33
By substituting yy 
By substituting 44 into
into (3),
(3), we
we have
have
xx 
2 4)) 
2((4 11
99
∴ ( x , y )  (3, 1) or (9, 4)
What are the key steps in
solving practical problems
leading to simultaneous
equations?

I am going to show you in the


following example.
The perimeter of a rectangular flag
is 140 cm and its area is 1200 cm2. y cm
Find the dimensions of the flag.
x cm

Step 1 Represent the unknown quantities


by using letters.
Let x cm and y cm be the length and the
width of the flag respectively.
The perimeter of a rectangular flag
is 140 cm and its area is 1200 cm2. y cm
Find the dimensions of the flag.
x cm
Step 2 Set up equations based on the
given conditions.
Perimeter of the flag: 2(x + y) = 140
x + y = 70
y = 70  x ……(1)
Area of the flag: xy = 1200 ……(2)
The perimeter of a rectangular flag
is 140 cm and its area is 1200 cm2. y cm
Find the dimensions of the flag.
x cm
Step 3 Solve the simultaneous equations
obtained.
y = 70 – x ……(1)
xy = 1200 ……(2)
By substituting (1) into (2), we have
x(70  x) = 1200
x2  70x + 1200 = 0
(x  30)(x  40) = 0
x = 30 or x = 40
The perimeter of a rectangular flag
is 140 cm and its area is 1200 cm2. y cm
Find the dimensions of the flag.
x cm
Step 3 Solve the simultaneous equations
obtained.
By substituting x = 30 into (1), we have
y = 70  (30) = 40
By substituting x = 40 into (1), we have
y = 70  (40) = 30
∴ The dimensions of the flag are 30 cm  40 cm.
Follow-up question

A two-digit positive integer is


increased by 27 when its digits are
reversed. The product of the two
digits is 40. What is the original
integer?
Let x be the tens digit and y be the units digit of the original
integer.
∴ The original integer is 10x + y,
and the integer becomes 10y + x when the digits are
reversed.
∵ The integer is increased by 27 when its digits are
reversed.
∴ (10y + x)  (10x + y) = 27
9x + 9y = 27
x + y = 3
y=x+3 ……(1)
∵ The product of the two digits is 40.
∴ xy = 40 ……(2)
y=x+3 ……(1)
xy = 40 ……(2)
By substituting (1) into (2), we have
x(x + 3) = 40 A digit cannot be
x2 + 3x  40 = 0 negative.
(x  5)(x + 8) = 0
x = 5 or x = 8 (rejected)
By substituting x = 5 into (1), we have
y = (5) + 3 = 8
∴ The original integer is 58.

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