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    Lec12 Hematology Blood Transfusion

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    omar abdulrauof
    Blood transfusion involves transferring blood or blood components from a donor to a recipient. It is indicated when the risks of not transfusing outweigh the risks of transfusion. Blood typing and cross-matching tests are performed to match donor and recipient blood and prevent transfusion reactions. Type O negative blood can be transfused to any patient in emergency situations when time does not allow for testing. Properly stored blood at 2-6°C can be transfused as whole blood or separated into components like red blood cells, platelets, or plasma. Transfusion reactions can occur from mismatches but are usually mild.

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    Lec12 Hematology Blood Transfusion

    Uploaded by

    omar abdulrauof
    38 views19 pages
    Blood transfusion involves transferring blood or blood components from a donor to a recipient. It is indicated when the risks of not transfusing outweigh the risks of transfusion. Blood typing and cross-matching tests are performed to match donor and recipient blood and prevent transfusion reactions. Type O negative blood can be transfused to any patient in emergency situations when time does not allow for testing. Properly stored blood at 2-6°C can be transfused as whole blood or separated into components like red blood cells, platelets, or plasma. Transfusion reactions can occur from mismatches but are usually mild.

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    Blood transfusion involves transferring blood or blood components from a donor to a recipient. It is indicated when the risks of not transfusing outweigh the risks of transfusion. Blood typing and cross-matching tests are performed to match donor and recipient blood and prevent transfusion reactions. Type O negative blood can be transfused to any patient in emergency situations when time does not allow for testing. Properly stored blood at 2-6°C can be transfused as whole blood or separated into components like red blood cells, platelets, or plasma. Transfusion reactions can occur from mismatches but are usually mild.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    38 views19 pages

    Lec12 Hematology Blood Transfusion

    Uploaded by

    omar abdulrauof
    Blood transfusion involves transferring blood or blood components from a donor to a recipient. It is indicated when the risks of not transfusing outweigh the risks of transfusion. Blood typing and cross-matching tests are performed to match donor and recipient blood and prevent transfusion reactions. Type O negative blood can be transfused to any patient in emergency situations when time does not allow for testing. Properly stored blood at 2-6°C can be transfused as whole blood or separated into components like red blood cells, platelets, or plasma. Transfusion reactions can occur from mismatches but are usually mild.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 19

    Blood transfusion Physiology

    By – Dr Sunita Mittal
    Learning Objectives 

    ▪Blood transfusions  - basis of blood typing, Cross matching


    ▪Blood Storage in blood bank
    ▪ Who can be a blood donor
    ▪Complications of Blood transfusions (transfusion reactions)
    ▪ Blood components
    What is blood transfusion

    ▪The transfer of blood or blood components from one person (the donor)
    into the bloodstream of another person (the recipient)
    Blood Typing
    Cross Matching

    ▪Cross Matching is a procedure performed prior to a blood transfusion to detect


    incompatibilities between the donor and recipient.
    Cross Matching
    Indication of blood transfusion

    Many times, blood transfusion might not be without hazards, so the risk should be
    weighed out against benefit.
    The dictum is - TO USE BLOOD PRODUCTS ONLY WHEN NO OTHER ALTERNATIVE IS LEFT
    Blood Donation : Who Can Give Blood?

    Basic Eligibility Guidelines


    Age:
    Weight:
    Hb:
    Serum Transmitted Disease patient :
    Vaccintion:

    High Blood Pressure:


    Diabetes:
    Cold and Flu:
    Diet:
    Tattoos and Piercing:
    Blood Transfusion Therapy
    Storage of blood

    Blood should be tested for Blood/Serum


    Transmitted Diseases (STDs) before storage
    Storage of blood

    CPDA-1
    Tri sodium citrate
    26.35
    (g)
    Citric acid (g) 3.27
    Dextrose (g) 31.90
    Monobasic sodium
    2.22
    phosphate (g)
    Adenine (g) 0.27
    Distilled water (ml) 1000
    Preservative (ml) /
    14
    100ml blood

    Storage at 2-6 °C
    Hazards of blood transfusion

    Transfusion reaction

    Due to mismatching/hemolytic
    Other than mismatching
    (Agglutination/Immunologic reaction)
    Hemolytic Transfusion Reactions (HTR)
    Hemolytic Transfusion Reactions (HTR)
    Non-Hemolytic Transfusion Reactions (NHTR)

    Mild Allergic Reactions

    Anaphylactic Shock
    & Non hemolytic

    Spread of Serum Transmitted Disease


    Transfusion of Blood Components

    Transfusion of ‘Blood Components’ is –


    When, specific portion or fraction of blood that is lacking in a patient is
    transfused.

    Advantages of blood component therapy


    Avoids the risk of sensitizing the patients to other blood components.
    Provides optimal therapeutic benefit while reducing risk of volume overload.
    Increases availability of needed blood products to larger population.
    Thus it is a safe and low risk procedure
    Self Assessment

    Critical Thinking Questions


    1. Following a motor vehicle accident, a patient is rushed to the emergency department with multiple traumatic injuries,
    causing severe bleeding. The patient’s condition is critical, and there is no time for determining his blood type. What
    type of blood is transfused, and why?

    2. In preparation for a scheduled surgery, a patient visits the hospital lab for a blood draw. The technician collects a blood
    sample and performs a test to determine its type. She places a sample of the patient’s blood in two wells. To the first well
    she adds anti-A antibody. To the second she adds anti-B antibody. Both samples visibly agglutinate. Has the technician made
    an error, or is this a normal response? If normal, what blood type does this indicate?
    Self Assessment
    1. The process in which antibodies attach to antigens, causing the formation of masses of linked cells, is called-
    A. sensitization
    B. coagulation
    C. agglutination
    D. hemolysis

    2. People with type O blood group -


    E. have both antigens A and B on their erythrocytes
    F. lack both antigens A and B on their erythrocytes
    G. have neither anti-A nor anti-B antibodies circulating in their blood plasma
    H. are considered universal recipients

    3. Hemolytic disease of the newborn is a risk during a subsequent pregnancy in which:


    I. a type AB mother is carrying a type O fetus
    J. a type O mother is carrying a type AB fetus
    K. a Rh+ mother is carrying an Rh− fetus
    L. a Rh− mother is carrying a second Rh+ fetus
    Thank you

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