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Module 2-Clipping and Clamping

The document discusses two types of operational amplifier clipping circuits: positive and negative clippers. Positive clippers remove parts of the input signal that exceed a reference value, while negative clippers do the same for signals below the reference. This helps ensure analog signals match the input range of analog-to-digital converters. The document also describes clamping circuits, which add a fixed DC offset to shift signals vertically without changing their shape. Both clipping and clamping circuits use diodes and capacitors in conjunction with op-amps.

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Deepthi
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114 views13 pages

Module 2-Clipping and Clamping

The document discusses two types of operational amplifier clipping circuits: positive and negative clippers. Positive clippers remove parts of the input signal that exceed a reference value, while negative clippers do the same for signals below the reference. This helps ensure analog signals match the input range of analog-to-digital converters. The document also describes clamping circuits, which add a fixed DC offset to shift signals vertically without changing their shape. Both clipping and clamping circuits use diodes and capacitors in conjunction with op-amps.

Uploaded by

Deepthi
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Operational amplifier –clipping

circuits

• A clipper is an electronic circuit that produces an


output by removing a part of the input above or
below a reference value.
• The main advantage of clippers is that they
eliminate the unwanted noise present in the
amplitude of an ac signal.
• It can be a challenge to match the voltage range
of an analog signal to the input range of an
analog-to-digital converter (ADC).
• Exceeding the ADC’s input range will give an
incorrect reading.
• A simple op-amp clipper prevents these problems.
• Clippers can be classified into the following two
types based on the clipping portion of the input.
1. Positive Clipper
2. Negative Clipper
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Operational amplifier –clamping
circuits

• Clampers are used to add a specific amount of DC


to a signal.
• Clampers will not change the shape of the input
waveform, rather they vertically shift the output
signal.
• In television, after the video signal has been
amplified by AC coupled gain stages , the clamper
circuit adds DC content to the video signal and the
video returns to its normal orientation.
• Disadvantage of passive clamper is the signal will
not be completely clamped because of diode voltage
drop this is eliminated in active clampers.

Figure: Diode Clamper Circuit


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Op-amp negative clamper circuit

 • A negative clamper is a clamper circuit that


produces an output in such a way that the input
signal gets shifted vertically by a negative DC value.
• When is first positive going , due to inverting mode
of the op-amp, output of the op-amp goes negative.
• Thus the diode becomes forward bias and capacitor
charges to positive peak with polarity as shown in
figure.
• Just beyond the positive peak, capacitor holds the
charge and diode becomes reversed bias.
• Hence output voltage
Op-amp negative clamper circuit- waveforms
Op-amp negative clamper circuit with negative DC
reference voltage
 • In this circuit a negative reference DC voltage is
connected to the non inverting terminal of the op-
amp.
• The - is derived from the negative supply of the op-
amp.
• Using superposition theorem,
• Consider - only , let = 0V
• Due to non inverting mode of the op-amp , output of
the op-amp will be negative , thus diode is forward
biased and circuit act as voltage follower , .
• Consider - only , let -= 0V
• When is first positive going , due to inverting mode
of the op-amp, output of the op-amp goes negative.
• Thus the diode becomes forward bias and capacitor
charges to positive peak with polarity as shown in
figure.
• Just beyond the positive peak, capacitor holds the
charge and diode becomes reversed bias.
• Hence output voltage
• Total output voltage due to both - and will be, -
Circuit Diagram and Waveforms

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