Scribd
Upload
135 views11 pages

Week 1 - Particle Theory of Matter

The document discusses the particle theory of matter which states that all matter is made of particles that are in constant motion with spaces between them and experiencing forces of attraction and repulsion. It provides evidence for this theory from examples of Brownian motion, diffusion, and osmosis and describes experiments that can demonstrate these phenomena. Historical references are made to Democritus' idea of atoms and examples are given of how these microscopic processes occur in everyday situations and biological systems.

Uploaded by

Shahira
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
135 views11 pages

Week 1 - Particle Theory of Matter

The document discusses the particle theory of matter which states that all matter is made of particles that are in constant motion with spaces between them and experiencing forces of attraction and repulsion. It provides evidence for this theory from examples of Brownian motion, diffusion, and osmosis and describes experiments that can demonstrate these phenomena. Historical references are made to Democritus' idea of atoms and examples are given of how these microscopic processes occur in everyday situations and biological systems.

Uploaded by

Shahira
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 11

Particle Theory of Matter

Ms. Shahira Muschamp


Objectives
1. List the 4 main idea in the particle theory of
matter
2. Explain how evidence supports the
particulate theory of matter;
3. List everyday examples of Brownian Motion,
Diffusion and Osmosis
4. Complete an Osmosis experiment
5. Complete lab 1: Diffusion
Historical reference point
• Greek philosopher Democritus
• Named the smallest piece of
matter ‘atomos’, meaning ‘not to
be cut’
• He made many other accurate
and inaccurate postulations about
the nature of matter
4 main points of the Particle Theory of Matter

1. All matter is made of particles

2. Particles are in constant motion

3. There are spaces between the particles;

4. There are forces of attraction/repulsion


between particles
How can we know that these particles
exist if we can’t see them?
Evidence of the Particle Theory of Matter

Brownian Motion
Diffusion
Osmosis
Brownian Motion
• Brownian motion is the haphazard
movement of tiny solid particles caused
by being bumped by the particles of the
medium

Examples:
• Robert Brown observe random movement
of pollen grain in water under microscope

• Random motion of dust in a sun ray


Diffusion
• Diffusion is movement of particles
from a region of high concentration to
a region of low concentration
• Occurs in air and liquids

Examples:
• Gas exchange across the alveoli
• Diffusion of perfume across a room
Osmosis
• Osmosis is the movement of water particles
from an area of high concentration to an area
of low concentration through a semi-
permeable membrane
• Water particles only
• Semi-permeable membrane is usually cell
membrane
Examples:
• Prune fingers
• Movement of water in and out of a cell
Water moves from high concentration
to low concentration
Other examples of diffusion and Osmosis
Diffusion Osmosis

 Smell sweaty clothes  We get thirsty when we eat salty food


 Helium balloons deflate  Salt water relieves sore swollen throat
 Making tea with tea bags  Salt or sugar helps to preserve food
Resources

• Brownian Motion video: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-L0_bKWUHnk


• Brownian motion experiment video:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4m5JnJBq2AU
• Diffusion video: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=I5BiamIRyqQ
• Osmosis video: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4Eq8rO3fABM&t=29s

You might also like