BSC THESIS PROGRES PRESENTAION
TITLE: DESIGN AND MODELING OF SOLAR STERLING ENGINE FOR ELECTRICITY GENERATION
PREPARED BY
Name Id No
WUBETU ABIYE ………………………WOUR/1677/08
YALELET WALELGN ……………………WOUR/1681/08
AMBERIA ALI …………………………..WOUR/0238/08
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Outline
INTRODUCTION
Problem statement
Objectives
Main objectives
Specific objectives
Scope of the study
Limitation of the project
Literature review
Methodology
Material selection
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INTRODUCTION
• The true Sterling engine is developed by Dr. Robert Sterling design in 1816. Sterling’s heat economizer,
now known as the regenerator, drastically improved the efficiency of the closed- cycle air engine.
• The regenerator acts as a heat exchanger between the cold and hot sides of the engine, absorbing heat
from the working fluid during the expansion stroke, and returning it during the compression stroke.
• Sterling engine is an external combustion heat engine where heat is provided outside the cylinder.
• A Sterling engine uses the heated fluid to move pistons and create mechanical power.
• The mechanical work, in the form of the rotation of the engine's crankshaft, drives a generator and
produces electrical power.
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Problem statement
Most of the countries in the world use fossil fuels to produce energy for different purposes. This leads
to the following problems
• Fuels are non-renewable energy sources.
• Fuels cause environmental pollutions.
• people live in rural areas are suffering from lack of electricity generation.
• Due to this lack of electricity, they use traditional source of energy such as kerosene, which
cause health problem.
• Women and children spent their time in collection of fuel wood, kerosene from market and
they are exposed to health problems due to smoke from the burning wood and kerosene;
then have series health problems with theirs’.
• And also children can not get educational access during night.
.
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Objectives
General Objective
• The general objective of this project is to design, model, and study the performance of a solar sterling engine to
generate electric power for different household applications for rural areas by using solar energy from the sun.
Specific objective
According to our project has the capability of generating 2.5kW power electricity in full sunlight, enough to power
at least 12 households around Kombolcha town in rural areas.
important role of Sterling Engine, project specific objectives are
• To design and model different parts of the engine and assembly drawing using mechanical engineering AutoCAD.
• To design and analysis of parabolic dish concentrate.
• To design and analysis of receiver.
• To design and analysis of frame for solar dish concentrator and receiver.
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Scope and Limitation of project
scope of the project
• Our project area included the detailed design and analysis of engine parts up to drawing parts and
assembly with solid work and finally modeling.
Limitation of project
• Cloudy days with no sun can result in lower and/or intermittent generation of electricity.
• Slower start In order to start working, they need to warm up first. This makes them not suitable for
applications that require fast starts or rapid changes of speed until to reach the required temperature
value.
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Significance of the Project
The majority of the people in Ethiopia live in rural areas, in which electricity power source is not
available, so that the use of solar sterling engine for electric power generation plays an important role in
their life.
• Women and children spent their time in collection of fuel wood, kerosene from market and they are
exposed to health problems due to smoke from the burning wood and kerosene; so the use of solar
sterling engine conserves their time and avoids the health problems.
• To enhance educational access during night.
• To enhance the society of the country living around rural areas
Renewable energies have gained more and more interest in recent years for numerous reasons such as the
increase of fossil fuels prices, the high concentration of CO2 emissions, the need to reduce greenhouse gas
emissions and the growing worldwide energy consumption. One of the most important renewable energy
sources available today is solar energy. It is a very abundant clean energy source that emits no greenhouse gases.
• The solar sterling engine design will solve the problem of energy sustainability by replacing the current
dependency on fuel wood, dung and crop residues kerosene and this contributes reduction in air
pollution and greenhouse gas emissions in the long-range.
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Literature review
• In recent times, Sterling engines have had something of a revival, with the potential for solar electric
power generation being the driving force.
• In 2007 The INFINIA Corporation built in Kennewick, WA, US. It has the below properties collector
diameter 4.6 m, reflector material Glass fiber reinforced plastic with silver coated glass mirrors, power 3
kW and maximal system efficiency 24%.
• In 2010 the proposed Imperial Valley Solar/SES Solar built in Imperial County, California, USA. It has
the below properties collector diameter 11.6 m, reflector material curved glass mirror facets, the station
produced about 750 kW and maximal system efficiency 31.25%.
to generate the electric power from the sunlight energy:
• many researchers designed the solar sterling engine with large diameter parabolic dish concentrate,
expensive reflective material on concentrator solar sterling engine.
• However, we raise the question on our mind to proportional the engine efficiency with the effective cost ,
required space.
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cont.…..
Therefore We should be design the beta solar sterling engine with:
• The acrylate glass with low cost reflective material reflector parabolic dish concentrator.
• Copper tubes of diameter 30mm is preferable for receiver concentrate for considering the required mass
flow rates and good heat transfer properties.
• Helium working fluid medium.
Because beta solar sterling engine Helium working fluid medium:
• Compact design
• High compression ratios
• Suitable for high temperature applications and Helium none flammable property, non toxic.
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CHAPTER THREE
Methodology
• The design and modeling of solar sterling engine for electricity generation for Kombolcha rural area
consist the following methods describe problem and identify the solution, collecting data,
• We went to kombolcha metrology agency service For solar radiation data required in the specific study
area.
• We use also an internet website and reference book for other data collection.
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Material selection
The following factors should be considered while selecting the material:
• Availability of the materials,
• Suitability of the materials for the working conditions in service, and
• The cost of the materials.
• materials For Sterling engines is based on many factors such as strength, heat transfer, corrosion resistan
weight and cost.
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cont.…..
Component materials with their properties:
component Material Properties
• Self-lubricating properties
Power piston and cylinder Cast iron are needed
• Low thermal expansion, and
good workability
• Good surface finish possible
• Good corrosion resistance
Displacer Stainless steel • Low thermal expansion
• Poor heat conduction along
length
• High melting point
• Good workability
Cooling fin Aluminium • Good heat transfer
• Corrosion resistance
• Light weight
• Resilience
Crank shaft Stainless steel • Fatigue resistance
• Corrosion resistance
• High density for larger
Flywheel Stainless steel moment of inertia
• Corrosion resistance
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cont.…
component material properties
• Resilience
Displacer connected rod Stainless steel • Fatigue resistance
• Corrosion resistance
• Lightweight
Supporting frame Aluminium • Corrosion resistant
• Good workability
• High melting point
Displacer piston hot end plug Stainless steel • Maintains strength at high
temperatures
• Corrosion resistant
•Lightweight
Displacer piston cold end plug Aluminium • Corrosion resistant
• Good workability.
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THE END !!!!!!
THANK YOU
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