191GES101T-ENGINEERING GRAPHICS

ENGINEERING DRAWING
(Or)
ENGINEERING GRAPHICS

???
 What is Engineering Drawing ?
• It is a technical drawing which clearly defines
&
communicates a design to other interested parties.
• Other parties may
Design collaboration
Purchasing, Costing
Manufacturing (Or) Production
Quality control
Marketing
Packing, Vendors, etc..
 IMPORTANCE OF ENGINEERING
GRAPHICS
 Universal language of Engineers.
(Spoken (communicate), Read, written(Drawn))
 It is a graphical language used for effective
communication among engineers.
 Official Communication for Manufacturing
Industries (Drawing sheet) MANUAL SOFTWARE
Production
ANY By the
Designed DRAWN
engineers
Construction
 APPLICATIONS
 DESIN A CPU(CONTAIN 60 MILLION TRANSISTORS/
RAM CHIP/DIMM SLOT/ NEW USB VER 5.0 ETC.,)
Manufacturing can happen only when there is a detailed
engineering drawing about the things to be fabricated.
 ROBOTICS ENGINEERING
Body/frame,
control system
(allow for the movement &
function of various parts of the robot)
manipulators (Arms)
drivetrain
(motors, gears & wheels that enables the robot to move)
Sensors
 MECHANICAL/PRODUCTION ENGINEERING
Bolts, Nuts, Bearings, Pumps, Cranes, etc..,
 Contd..
 ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING
T.V, Computer, etc..,
 AUTOMOBILE ENGINEERING
Bike, Car, Engines, etc..,
 CIVIL ENGINEERING
Buildings, Bridges,etc..,
 ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
Motor, Generator, etc..,
 COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING
Dish antenna, Satellite, etc..,
 INSTRUMENTAION ENGINEERING
Watches, Tachometer, etc..,
 ARCHITECTURE
Stadium, fly-over, etc..,
 COURSE OBJECTIVES
• Develop graphic skills for communication of
Concepts
Ideas &
Design of Engineering products.
• Expose to
existing national standards(BIS)related to
technical drawings.
• To Familiarize
basic geometrical constructions & orthographic
projections.
 Contd..
• To draw the
different projections of the solids.
• To view
true shape and
apparent shape of the sectioned solids
&
their developments.
• To get an idea about
3D views through isometric projections.
 COURSE OUTCOMES
successful completion of this course, the student will be able to
•FAMILIARIZE WITH THE
FUNDAMENTALS OF ENGINEERING GRAPHICS
&
STANDARDS OF ENGINEERING GRAPHICS
•PERFORM
Basic geometrical constructions
&
principles of orthographic projections..
•PROJECT
ORTHOGRAPHIC PROJECTIONS OF LINES
&
ORTHOGRAPHIC PROJECTIONS OF PLANE SURFACES.
 Contd..
successful completion of this course, the student will be able to
•DRAW
PROJECTIONS OF SOLIDS
&
DEVELOPMENT OF SURFACES.
•VISUALIZE & TO PROJECT
ISOMETRIC VIEWS
&
CONVERSION OF ISOMETRIC VIEWS
TO
ORTHOGRAPHIC VIEWS
•UNDERSTAND
THE BASICS OF AUTO CAD (2D & 3D)
 TEXT BOOK
1. Natarajan K.V., ―A text book of Engineering
Graphics, Dhanalakshmi Publishers, Chennai,
2009.  
2. Jayapoovan T, ―Engineering Graphics using
AUTOCAD, Vikas Publishing ,7th Edition.
3. Venugopal K. and Prabhu Raja V., Engineering
Drawing with AUTOCAD and building drawing,
New Age International (P) Limited, 2018, 5TH
edition.
 REFERENCES
1. Basant Agarwal and Agarwal C.M., ―Engineering
Drawing, Tata McGraw Hill Publishing Company Limited,
New Delhi, 2008.
2. Bhatt N.D. and Panchal V.M., ―Engineering Drawing,
Charotar Publishing House, 50th Edition, 2010.
3. Dinesh Kumar S, K.Sivakumar and R.Ramadoss, ―
Engineering Graphics, Maruthi Publishers, Chennai,2019.
4. Gopalakrishna K.R., ―Engineering Drawing (Vol. I&II
combined), Subhas Stores, Bangalore, 2007.
5. Parthasarathy N S and Vela Murali, ―Engineering
Graphics, Oxford University, Press, New Delhi, 2015.
6. Shah M.B., and Rana B.C., ―Engineering Drawing,
Pearson, 2nd Edition, 2009.
A Point has no dimensions, only position
A Line is one-dimensional
A Plane is two dimensional (2D)
A Solid is three-dimensional (3D)
 BASIC GEOMETRICAL
CONSTRUCTIONS

Geometry is all about 

shapes  2D & 3D
& their properties
GEOMETRY CAN BE DIVIDED INTO

PLANE GEOMETRY

SOLID GEOMETRY
 PLANE GEOMETRY

Plane geometry is all about shapes

like lines, circles and triangles ...

TWO DIMENSIONS(2D)
LENGTH & BREADTH
Contd.. - Polygon
Polygon comes from Greek. 
Poly- means "many" &
gon means "angle".
 Polygon
A polygon is a 
plane shape with straight sides.
Is it a Polygon?

Polygon  Not a Polygon  Not a Polygon 

(straight sides) (has a curve) (open,not closed)
POLYGON MEANS “MANY SIDED”:

MOST POLYGONS HAVE NAMES

based on the number of sides they have.

 SOLID GEOMETRY

Solid Geometry is
the geometry of
three-dimensional space (3D)

the kind of space we live in (Earth)

THREE-DIMENSION(3D)
Width/Breadth
Depth/Length   &
Height (Thickness)
There are two main types of solids

Polyhedra they must have flat

faces

Non-Polyhedra if any surface is

not flat
Polyhedra
must have flat faces

Non-Polyhedra
if any surface is not flat
CYLINDRICAL COMPONENTS
CONE
SPHERE
TORUS
 PUBLICATION OF BUREAU OF INDIAN
STANDARDS
1. IS 10711 – 2001: Technical products
Documentation– Size and lay out of drawing sheets.
2. IS 9609 (Parts 0 & 1) – 2001: Technical products
Documentation – Lettering.
3. IS 10714 (Part 20) – 2001 & SP 46 – 2003: Lines
for technical drawings.
4. IS 11669 – 1986 & SP 46 – 2003: Dimensioning
of Technical Drawings.
5. IS 15021 (Parts 1 to 4) – 2001: Technical drawings –
Projection Methods.
DRAWING INSTRUMENTS
 LIST OF DRAWING EQUIPMENTS & MATERIALS
1. DRAWING BOARD
2. SET SQUARES (30°, 45°, 60° etc..)
3. PROTRACTOR
4. MINI DRAFTER
5. SCALES (150 mm & 300 mm) & COMPASS
6. DRAWING SHEET
7. DRAWING PENCILS (HB, 2H, 4H, 2B, 4B etc…)
8. INSTRUMENT/GEOMETRY BOX
9. DRAWING BOARD CLIPS, CLAMPS, PINS, CELLO TAPE
10. PENCIL SHARPENER
11. CIRCLE MASTER/PRO-CIRCLE
12. PAPER KNIFE
13. ERASER
DRAWING BOARD
Shapes & materials : Rectangular & Wooden board
Thickness : 22 mm Designa Board Size ( length & width) in
tion mm
Standard Size of Drawing Board
D0 1270 x 920
D1 920 x 650
D2 650 x 470
D3 470 x 350
SET SQUARES:
 Useful for drawing

parallel & perpendicular lines.

 They are used to draw lines at

30, 60, 45 degree to the vertical & horizontal.

PROTRACTOR:
used to
mark or measure angle between 0 to 180 degree.
Used to divide
circle into any number of equal parts.
DRAFTING MACHINE or DRAFTER:
In drafting machine the uses and advantages of
T-square,
scales,
set squares &
protractor are combined.
It helps in reducing time required to prepare drawings.
SCALE:
used to
fix/Draw the dimensions
of the object in the drawing.

1. Full scale 1:1

( Actual size)
2. Reducing scales 1:2 ,1:5, 1:10, 1:50,
1:100, 1:200

3. Enlarging scales 10:1, 5:1, 2:1

 COMPASS

DRAW A CIRCLE
DRAW A ARC
DRAWING SHEET:

Drawing sheet sizes are

ISO – A series
S.NO DESIGNATION SIZE
( LENGTH x
WIDTH)
in mm
1 A0 1189 x 841

2 A1 841 x 594

3 A2 594 x 420

4 A3 420 x 297

5 A4 297 x 210
DRAWING PENCILS:
The appearance & accuracy of a
drawing
depends on the quality of the
drawing pencils
Pencil
Grade Uses
HB Used for drawing
border lines
lettering &
free hand sketching
H Used for
visible outlines
visible edges &
boundary lines
2H Used for
construction lines
Dimension lines
centre lines
dimension lines &
Hatching lines
INSTRUMENT/GEOMETRY BOX
DRAWING BOARD CLIPS, CLAMPS,
PINS, CELLO TAPE
PENCIL SHARPENER &ERASER
 PAPER KNIFE

CIRCLE MASTER or PRO-CIRCLE

STENCIL TEMPLATE (CIRCLE, HEXAGON, PENTAGON,
HEXAGON, Etc..,)
DIMENSIONING SYMBOLS
GENERAL RULES OF DIMENSIONING
DIMENSIONING