IRON AND STEEL

INDUSTRY
Name: Bushra Khan
Class: X- B
Subject: Geography
TYPES OF INDUSTRIES
 • PRIMARY SECTOER OF A NATION
ECONOMY INCLUDES
WHAT ARE THE AGRICULTURE,FORESTRY,FISHING,M
TYPES OF INDUSTRY? INING AND THE EXTRACTION OF
MINERALS.
THERE ARE BASICALLY THREE • SECONDARY SECTOR OF A NATION
TYPES OF INDUSTRY AND ECONOMY INCLUDES  CAR
THEY ARE AS FOLLOWS:
MANUFACTURING,HANDICRAFT,TEX
1. PRIMARY INDUSTRY TILE PRODUCTION.THEREFORE IT IS
2.SECONDARY INDUSTRY AN IMPORTANT ACTIVITY IN
3. TERTIARY INDUSTRY PROMOTING ECONOMIC GROWTH
AND DEVELOPMENT.
• TERTIARY SECTOR INCLUDES TRADE,
TRANSPORT,ACCOMODATION ETC.
 •Indian Steel sector's contribution to the overall Gross
Domestic Product (GDP) of the country is above 2%
during 2018. The total exposure of steel industry is
about Rs. 3.13 lakh crore rupees. The Steel Industry of
India accounting to up to 2% of the GDP, the importance
of steel in our economy is irreplaceable. It employs
CONTRIBUTI millions of people throughout the country, both directly
and indirectly. The potential of this industry is
ON TOWRDS considered by the market experts to be boosted in the
upcoming years, as the demand for steel keeps rising.
GDP: Due to a wide array of features that find their
application in so many sectors, steel will continue to be
one of the most widely used material for years to follow.
With our Government promoting domestic steel usage,
the future of the steel industry of India seems bright.
Agni steels  is proud to be a part of the journey towards
a developed steel industry in India.
IMPORT AND EXPPORT OF GOODS MADE IN THESE
INDUSTRIES.
 2.Textile Industry:
This is a complex industry with two extremes –
CONTRIBUTION OF sophisticated mechanized mills on one end and hand-
weaving and hand spinning on the other.
SOME MAJOR
Between the two ends lies the decentralized power loom
INDUSTRIES IN INDIA: sector. Taking all three sectors into consideration, the
Traditionally, India had six major industries. These were textile industry is the largest industry in India.
Iron and Steel, Textiles, Jute, Sugar, Cement, and Paper.
Further, four new industries joined this list namely, 3.Jute Industry:
Petrochemical, Automobile, Information Technology
(IT), and banking & Insurance. These industries are The jute industry has the capacity to earn foreign exchange.
important for India’s economy. Therefore, India accounts for around 30 percent of the world’s jute
understanding the growth of these industries can offer output. Further, the jute industry provides direct employment
a good insight into the relationship between their to nearly 2.5 lakh individuals.
growth and government policies.

ROLE OF THESE INDUSTRIES: 4.Sugar Industry:

India is one of the world’s largest sugar producing countries.
1.Iron and Steel Industry: Further, the sugar industry is India’s second-largest agro-
Iron and Steel industry is one of the most based industry.
important industries considering total It employs nearly 3.25 lakh workers and creates indirect
investments. These are typically public employment for around 45 million farmers of
sector plants. Further, the industry offers sugarcane, agencies of distributive trade, and also subsidiary
direct employment to around 2.5 lakh industries. Also, there are around 400-500 sugar factories in
workers. India.
5.Cement Industry:
7.Petrochemical Industry:
In 2009-10, there were 148 large cement • In the late seventies, the Government set up Indian
units and 365 mini cement units in India. Petrochemicals Corporation Limited (IPCL) at Baroda
Their total capacity was around 230 which offered a good thrust to the petrochemical
million tonnes and actual production of industry.
around 200.7 million tonnes per year.
• Further, the discovery of crude oil and natural gas in
The cement industry employs over 2 lakh the offshore region along the western coast of India
individuals. India is one of the largest
cement manufacturing countries in the
added a new dimension to the possibility of expansion
world too. of petrochemicals.

6.Paper Industry: 8.Automobile Industry:

During the period of planned • As the economy liberalized, the automobile industry
development, India’s paper industry experienced tremendous growth. New manufacturers
grew at a rapid pace with the forests with state-of-the-art technology soon replaced the
providing abundant raw materials for its
working. In 2009-10, India produced traditional manufacturers. The tremendous
around 49.6 lakh tonnes of paper. competition in this market along with regulations
regarding emissions have led to an improvement in
However, the industry lacks
modernization today. Also, the prices
standards.
that the Government has fixed for
various types of paper is unrealistic and
does not provide reasonable returns on
capital
9.Information 10.Banking and Insurance Industry:
Technology (IT) Banking
Industry: In 1969, the Government of India issued an ordinance
One of the latest entrants to the list, and nationalized 14 largest commercial banks
the IT industry is spreading fast in which contained 85 percent of the deposits in the
India. Further, with many US and EU country.
firms working with contract Further, over the years, as technology advanced, the
agencies in India and China for IT banking industry absorbed the changes with open
software and services, outsourcing arms. From Electronic Funds Transfer to online
has acquired an international banking, it was a new era for the industry.
dimension. Currently, in India, there are different types of
This is a win-win situation since the banks:
US firms save around 58% of its • Savings Banks
costs by outsourcing work to • Commercial Banks. 
India/China and the local economy
benefits from global exposure. THESE ARE OF THE FOLLOWING
TYPES:
• Scheduled Banks
• Public Sector Banks • Insurance
• Private Sector Banks • According to the Seventh Schedule to the
• Foreign Banks Constitution of India, the Center alone can
• Non-Scheduled Commercial legislate insurance. While there are many private
Banks companies who solicit insurance including foreign
• Industrial or Development direct investment of up to 26 percent, the largest
Banks life insurance company in India is Government-
• Land Mortgage or Land owned.
Development Banks • In 2009-10, the Insurance industry was worth $41
• Indigenous Banks billion in India. However, very few people are
• Central or Federal or covered under Mediclaim. In comparison, in the
National Bank (Reserve USA, more than 75 percent of the population is
Bank of India) covered under some insurance scheme. With
• Cooperative Banks private companies entering the sector, this
• Foreign Exchange Banks scenario might soon change
• Consumer Banks
MAJOR
INDUSTRIE
S IN INDIA
 UTILITY OF THESES INDUSTRIES FOR
SMALL AND LARGE SCALE  PRODUCTS:
Small Scale Industries Large Scale Industries
1.Cottage or household industries are a type of small 1.Large scale industries make huge investments and use
scale industry where the products are manufactured by modern technology in their manufacturing process.
hand, by the artisans. 2.Large scale industries invest huge capitals.
2. Small scale industries use very little capital.
3. The technology used is very superior and the large
3.The craftsmen follow traditional methods while quantities of the product are manufactured.
making their products and modern technology has no Classification of Industries
place here. 4. The labor force involved in large scale industries is
4.The capital invested by small scale industries is very also very large.
small. 5.  Automobile industry, manufacture of consumer
5. Basket weaving, Pottery, handicrafts, silk weaving, goods like Television sets, iron and steel industries can
food processing and dress-making are all small-scale be classified under large scale industries.
Industries
GROWTH
OF INDIAN
INDUSTRY
 • Causes of Industrial Pollution
INDUSTRIAL
POLLUTION AND ITS 1. Lack of Policies to Control Pollution
CAUSES AND ITS 2. Unplanned Industrial Growth
EFFECT ON
3. Use of Outdated Technologies
ENVIRONMENT:
Industrial pollution is wreaking havoc on Earth.
4. Inefficient Waste Disposal
Every nation is affected, and there are people
who are working tirelessly to increase
5. Natural Resource Use
awareness and advocate for change. 
*The activities causing pollution include:
• Burning coal
• Burning fossil fuels like oil, natural gas, and
petroleum
• Chemical solvents used in dyeing and
tanning industries
• Untreated gas and liquid waste being
released into the environment
• Improper disposal of radioactive material.
Effects of Industrial •
Ways to Control or Reduce Industrial
Pollution on Our Pollution
Environment: • The issue of industrial pollution is critical to every nation
on the planet. With the increase of the harmful effects of
industrial pollution, there are many agencies and
1. Water Pollution individuals who are working to reduce carbon
2. Soil Pollution footprints and live and work in an eco-friendly way.
• However, industrial pollution is still rampant and will take
3. Air Pollution many years for proper control and regulation. Many
4. Wildlife Extinction steps can be taken to seek permanent solutions to the
problem and they are as follows:
5. Global Warming
1. Source Control
2. Recycling
3. Cleaning of Resources
Role of Industries in Indian
Economy
Cottage and small-scale industries occupy an important place in Indian Economy. These industries are contributing
half of the total industrial production in India and provide gainful economic activity to more than five times the
number of people employed in the large and medium sized industries in the country. Their contribution to India’s
export earnings has reached significant proportions during the past few years.
The development of cottage and small-scale industries holds solutions to many side problem of Indian economy.
The economy reeling under excessive population pressure, on agriculture subject to the vagaries of nature, a
people oppressed by massive unemployment and the consequent misery and a nation struggling to stand up and
build its economy, has much to gain from the development of cottage and small-scale industries.
Therefore some of the points are as follows:
  1. Increase in Employment Opportunities.
  2. A Means to Achieve More Equitable Distribution of National Income.
  3.Production of goods and services.
  4.Modernisation of industry.
  5.Development of science and technology.
THANK YOU.