Module 1:

Identifying the
Nature of Inquiry
and Research
Prepared by: Mr. Benedict B. Diaz
Lesson 2: Nature of Quantitative Research
Learning Objectives:

• Describe characteristics, strengths,

weaknesses, and kinds of quantitative
research
• Illustrate the importance of quantitative
research across fields
• Explain the importance of Quantitative
Research
Written Work # 2: Word Hunt
DIRECTIONS: Find the words below on the puzzle. Write it on
your notebook. Copy and Answer.

Comparative Population Statistics

Correlational Quantitative Structured
Descriptive Replicated Survey
Evaluation Research
Experimental Respondent
Ex Post Facto Sample
Written Work # 2: Word Hunt
R E S P O N D E N T N D D E S
Q U A N T I T A T I V E C X C
M R M T Y S D C T E P S P P R
R U P I L A U Q O X O C T E I
E S L R E Y V F X T S R N R V
V R E P L I C A T E D I O I S
I E D R E L C T D E S P I M C
T S T R U C T U R E D T T E I
A E Y C O M Y L A S U I A N T
R A E V R E A R A T I V U T S
A R T Y V P A R E C A E L A I
P C O R R E L A T I O N A L T
M H U Q U P P N O I T L V P A
O S O T C A F T S O P X E U T
C P O P N O I T A L U P O P S
 rc h
s ea
Re
e
i v
t t
What do youathink is the common
nt i
idea among the word mentioned
u a in the puzzle?
Q
Quantitative Research
Quantitative research is a type of
educational research in which the researcher
decides what to study; asks specific, narrow
questions; collects quantifiable data from
participants; analyzes data through statistical
analysis (Frankel & Wallen, n.d.).
Quantitative Research
Quantitative Research is an objective,
systematic, empirical investigation of
observable phenomena through the use of
computational technique and a highlight on
the numerical analysis hoping that the
numbers yield unbiased results (Boholano,
Bombita, Faltado, & Pogoy, 2016)
Quantitative Research
Quantitative Research involves
measurement and amounts which seeks to
find answers to questions starting with how
many, how much, how long, to what extent,
and the like (Suter 2012; Russel, 2013 as
cited by Baraceros, 2016)
Quantitative Research
Quantitative Research usually happens in
hard science like physics, chemistry, biology,
and medicine; qualitative research, in soft
sciences such as humanities, social sciences,
education, and psychology, among other
(Baraceros, 2016)
How can we
classify a
quantitative
research?
 Characteristics of Quantitative Research

1. It is Objective.
It seeks accurate
measurement and
analysis of target
concepts.
Characteristics of Quantitative Research
2. It has clearly defined
research questions.
In this type of research,
researchers must know in
advance what they are
looking for.
 Characteristics of Quantitative Research

3. It uses structured
research instrument.
Data are usually
gathered undergoes a
systematic process.
Characteristics of Quantitative Research

4. It gathers
numerical data.
Data are in the form
of numbers and
statistics.
 Characteristics of Quantitative Research

5. Large sample size.

A normal population
distribution curve is
preferred through a
large number of
sample size.
Characteristics of Quantitative Research
6. It can be replicated.
This type of studies
can be repeated to verify
or confirm the
correctness of the results
in another setting.
 Characteristics of Quantitative Research

6. It infers future
outcomes.
Using quantitative
research, researchers
can calculate if-then
scenarios.
Is Quantitative Research good
all the time?
 Strengths Weaknesses
It is objective It requires large number of
It uses statistical technique respondents
It uses structured research The numerical data can be
instruments analyzed in a quick and
It uses questionnaires as the easy way
data The information contextual
It is replicable factors to help interpret the
It is costly results are usually ignored.
 Quantitative
Research

Experimental Non-Experimental
Research Research
Descriptive Correlational
True Quasi- Research Research
Experimental Experimental
Research Research Evaluation
Survey Research
Research
Laboratory
Research Causal-
Comparative
Field Research Research
Kinds of Quantitative Research

1. Experimental Research.
It treats or deals with the object or
subject of the research in a definite or
exact manner and determines the extent
of the effects of influence.
Experimental Research

1. True Experimental Research.

It utilizes the scientific method to test
cause-and effect relationships under
conditions controlled by the researcher.
 True Experimental Research
Control Group Experimental Group
• A treatment or condition is • A treatment or condition is
not applied applied
Experimental Research

2. Quasi-Experimental Research.
It uses participants forming a class
that remain as one group incapable of
disintegration (Mujis, 2011).
Types of Quasi-Experimental Research

A. Matched comparison.
The researchers choose a treatment
group and another group that has
similarities with the treatment group.
Types of Quasi-Experimental Research

B. Time-series.
The researchers give both
control and experimental pre-
tests and post-tests.
Types of Quasi-Experimental Research

C. Single-subject.
The researchers control
treatment and condition applied
to just one individual or a group.
 Kinds of Quantitative Research
2. Non-experimental Research.
It is a way of finding out the truths about
a subject by decribing the collected data
about such subject and determining their
relationships or connections with one
another.
Kinds of Non-experimental Research

1. Descriptive Research
It is concerned with describing the
nature, characteristics, and components of
the population or a phenomenon.
Kinds of Quantitative Research

2. Correlational Research
It is the systematic investigation of the
nature of relationships, or associations
between and among variables without
necessary investigating into causal reasons
underlying them.
Kinds of Quantitative Research

3. Evaluation Research
It assesses the effects, impacts, or
outcomes of practices, policies, or
programs.
Kinds of Quantitative Research

4. Survey Research
It is used to gather information from
groups of people by selecting and
studying samples chosen from a
population.
Purposes of Survey Research
1. To obtain information about other people.
2. To identify present condition, needs, or
problems of people.
3. To seek answers to social problems.
4. To give school officials pointers on
curricular offerrings, guidance and counseling
services, teachers' evaluation, and so on.
How do we do a Survey Research?
1. Explain objectives clearly.
2. Formulate research questions to predict
relationships of variables.
3. Determine the exact kind of data referred by
the research questions.
4. Assure the group of people to which the
findings will be applied to.
Why survey research is good?
It is versatile
It is efficient
It is general
It is confidential
Is survey research always good?

It cannot provide sufficient evidence

It cannot examine the significance of
some issues
It cannot get data reflecting the
effects
Is survey research always good?
It cannot consider man's naturalistic
tendencies
It cannot promote interpretive and
creative thinking thinking
It cannot have an effective
application
 Is survey research always good?
It cannot use a questioning or coding
method
It cannot diffuse the main
researchers' abilities to control and
manipulate some factors
It cannot account for real happenings
But wait...

There are still some things to remember.

Ethical Principles and Rules in Survey
Research
1. Respect whatever decision a person has
about your research
2. Make sure that your study will be
instrumental
3. Conduct your research work in a way
that the respondents will be safe
Ethical Principles and Rules in Survey
Research
4. Practice honesty and truthfulness in
reporting about the results
5. Accept the reality that the nature, kind,
and extent of responses to the questions
depend solely on the dispositions of the
respondents
Ethical Principles and Rules in Survey
Research
6. Decide properly which information
should go public or secret.
7. Stick to your promise of safeguarding
the secrecy of some information you
obtained from the respondents.
Kinds of Quantitative Research
5. Causal-Comparative Research
It is known as ex-post facto research (or after
the fact). This kind of research derives
conclusion from observations and
manifestations that already occured in the past
and now compared to some dependent
variables.
Kinds of Quantitative Research
5. Causal-Comparative Research
It is known as ex-post facto research (or after
the fact). This kind of research derives
conclusion from observations and
manifestations that already occured in the past
and now compared to some dependent
variables.
 Is
Quantitative
Research
important?
 Importance of Research
In the Field of Education:
• To improve educational practices
• To identify the problems in the
detereoriating quality of education
• to address systematically innovations in
teaching and learning
 Importance of Research
In the Field of Accountancy, Business, and
Management:
• To help design new products or services
• To help businessmen decide
• To find for a definite strategy in their
different departments
• To analyze competitions in a market
Importance of Research
In the Field of Humanities and Social
Sciences:
• To provide solutions to the social
problems
• To help deal with some societal behaviors
and social issues.
• To understand people's interaction
Importance of Research
In the Field of Science, Technology, Engineering,
and Mathematics:
• To obtain significant information about
trends
• To help determine the effectiveness of
various acts
• To evaluate development mechanisms
 Written Work # 3: Complete me.
DIRECTIONS: Complete the following statements. Write
at least two three sentences with it (5 points each).
1. Research is important to a teacher because_______.
2. Research is important to a doctor because ________.
3. Research is significant to engineers because ______.
4. Research is important to entrepreneurs because ___.
5. Research is important to a student because _______.
Group Work # 2.
DIRECTIONS: In a pair, create a
meme about the importance of
research in your life as a student
or how can research affect you
as a student.
Group Work # 2.
DIRECTIONS: Post it in your FB
Timeline with a short caption
about it. Then, tag your teacher.

Deadline: Before the class next

week.