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Classification and Tabulation

The document discusses different methods of classifying and tabulating data, including qualitative classification based on characteristics like gender, quantitative classification based on measurements, chronological classification based on time, and geographical classification based on location. It provides examples of each type of classification and describes key characteristics of effective tabulation such as clear titles, consistent units of measurement, and inclusion of totals.

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755 views14 pages

Classification and Tabulation

The document discusses different methods of classifying and tabulating data, including qualitative classification based on characteristics like gender, quantitative classification based on measurements, chronological classification based on time, and geographical classification based on location. It provides examples of each type of classification and describes key characteristics of effective tabulation such as clear titles, consistent units of measurement, and inclusion of totals.

Uploaded by

john
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© © All Rights Reserved
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Classification and tabulation

The process of arranging the huge


masses of data in a proper way is called
classification
Classification may be defined as
”the processes of arranging or bringing
together all the enumerated individuals
All the items under separate heads or
classes according to some common
characteristics possessed by them”
Types of classification
 There are in general four types of
classification
 Qualitative basis
 Quantitative basis
 Chronological basis
 Geographical basis
Qualitative classification
 If the statistical data collected are numerical
facts about the qualities
 Likemale,female,employed,indian,foreigner
 The classification of data is done according to

these characters
 Example: data collected about insured people

can be classified according to life insurance,


property insurance, accident insurance, fire
insurance this is qualitative classification
Example:

 The number of people leaving


India to four different
countries,U.S.A,canada, Australia
and Gulf countries for
employment opportunity
according to sex from four
different cities-Bombay ,Calcutta,
Delhi and Madras.
Quantitative classification
 The arrangement of statistical data according
to numerical measurements such as
 Age,height,weight,amount of saving ,number

of members in a family come under


quantitative classification.
 variable classification
 A variable may be a discrete or

continuousvariable
 All values between two given valuesit is said

to be continuous variable
example
 Height of a individuals is continuous
 If a variable can not take all values but jumps

from one value to another is a discrete


variable.
 Example: the number of defective units in

production
 The number of workers in a factory
 The price of a commodity are all discrete

variables.
Geographical classification
 Statistical data classified according to
different areas
 Like states ,districts, towns, villages.
 Come under the category of geographical

classification
 Example:
 the production of fertilizer from different

parts of the country comes under this


classification
state Production in
million tones
Bombay -

Calcutta -

Punjab -

Tamilnadu -
Chronological classification
 Statistical data arranged according to the
time of occurrence come under this
classification
 Example: Production of the wheat from the

year 1980 to 1985,sales of imported cars


after independence are classified
chronologically
year 192 193 194 195 196 197 1980
0 0 0 0 0 0
Popu --- --- --- --- --- ---- ---
latio -
n(mil
lions
Tabulation
 Tabulation is defined as “the orderly or
systematic presentation of numerical data in
rows and columns
 Characteristics of a good table.

1. A statistical table should contain a clear


and precise title
2. When a number of tables are presented in
the analysis of a statistical data ,serial
numbers should be given to the tables
1. Descriptions of columns ,rows,sub-
columns,sub-rows,should well defined
2. Data which are comparable used should be
given side by side
3. The table should be neat and attractive
4. The unit of measurement used should be
clearly indicated these units are normally
mentioned at the top of the columns.
5. Column totals and rows totals should be
shown
6. If the information given in the table is not
self explanatory
 If the data has several sub-classifiation it can
be presented in more than one variable.
 The data of preparation of the table and the

source of information should be mentioned at


the bottom of the table.
Table-1
 Students in Arts, science and commerce
courses in the three-year study
year Arts Science Commerce Total
First 14,800 9,600 8,500 32,900
year
Second 13,628 5,200 8,300 27,128
year
Third 13,025 4,800 8,150 26,005
year
Total 41,453 19,600 24,980 86,033

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