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Quadratic Functions: by Felix Le

This document provides an overview of quadratic functions and parabolas. It defines parabolas as U-shaped graphs of quadratic functions. Examples of parabolas in real life include projectile motion. Key features of parabolas include the vertex and x- and y-intercepts. Methods are presented for finding the intercepts and turning point of a parabola through factorizing and using the intercepts. Applications include word problems involving projectile motion.

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felix
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39 views

Quadratic Functions: by Felix Le

This document provides an overview of quadratic functions and parabolas. It defines parabolas as U-shaped graphs of quadratic functions. Examples of parabolas in real life include projectile motion. Key features of parabolas include the vertex and x- and y-intercepts. Methods are presented for finding the intercepts and turning point of a parabola through factorizing and using the intercepts. Applications include word problems involving projectile motion.

Uploaded by

felix
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Quadratic Functions

By Felix Le
Content that will be covered in this
PowerPoint
• Definition of parabolas
• Examples of parabolas in real life situations
• Quadratic Factorisation Revision
• Key features of parabolas
• How to find x and y intercepts in a parabola
• Finding the turning-points
• Applications of parabolas
• Graphing questions
What is a parabola?
• A parabola is a graph that is symmetrical and is approximately U
shaped.
• Parabola are graphed quadratic function.
• Parabolas can be reflected, translated and can be upwards and
downwards.
Examples of parabolas in real life
• Examples of parabolas in
real life can include shooting
a ball into a basketball hoop,
diving off a diving board
Factorising revision from last week...
Factorise the following quadratic trinomials:
(a)x^2 + 9x+20
(b)m^2 +3m-28
(c)y^2 +14y+33
Key features of parabolas

Vertex is the same thing as a turning point.


What are x and y intercepts?
• X intercepts is the value of x when y= 0
• Y intercepts is the value of y when x= 0.
Finding y-intercepts
1. Let x = 0. Substitute this into the question.
2. For example, if we had y = x^2 - 11x + 28.
3. To find the y-intercept, let x = 0.
4. Then y = (0)^2 - 11(0) + 28 = 28.
5. Therefore, the y-intercept is 28
Finding the x-intercepts using factorisation
Step 1: Factorise the quadratic expression. This quadratic expression is
equal to 0, because x-intercepts occur when the y-value is 0.
Step 2: Let each term equal 0 and solve for x. (This might be a bit
confusing to understand straight away, so we’ll do an example!)
Let’s do an example
Suppose that we had y = x^2 + 3x - 4

What would x^2 + 3x - 4 factorise to?


Factorising
x^2 + 3x - 4 factorises to (x+4)(x-1).
That is,
x^2 + 3x - 4 = (x+4)(x-1).

Since y = x^2 + 3x - 4,
then y = (x+4)(x-1).
What do we do now?
We let y = 0 !
So,
(x+4)(x-1) = 0

Think about (x+4) and (x-1) as two factors/numbers.


When you multiply two numbers and get 0, then either x + 4 = 0 or x - 1
= 0 or both equal 0.
This is called the null factor law.
Answer:
Since x + 4 = 0 and/or x - 1 = 0,
then x = -4, 1.

We have now found our x-intercepts!

x-intercepts: (-4,0) and (1,0).


Now it’s time to try yourself
 

15.
Solutions
 
How to find out the turning point using the
two x intercepts
- To find out the x value of the of the turning point, add the values of
the two x intercepts and half it.
- The value of x for the turning point is halfway between the values of
the x intercept intercept.
- Once you have found the value of x for the turning point, substiute
the value of x into the original quadratic equation to find out the y
value of the turning point.
- After you have done this, express the turning point as coordinate
form.
- Let’s do an example.
Example
Find the turning point of y= x^2 +14x+24.
1. Begin by factorising this equation.
2. Find the x intercepts of this equation.
3. Average the x intercepts to find the x value of the turning point.
4. Substitute the x value of the turning point into the original equation
to find out the y value of the turning point.
5. Express the turning point in coordinate form.
Now it’s your turn.
Find the turning point for the following parabolas:
(a)y= m^2 +15m+56
(b)y= t^2 -12t+32
(c)y= t^2 -16t+48
Now it’s time to apply our knowledge of
parabolas and apply it to worded problems
Let’s do this together...
Another one...

p(x) is the same thing as y


HINT

You’re looking for the x-intercept


(because y = 0) so...

1. Let p(x) = 0
2. Then factorise
p(x) is the same thing as y 3. Then solve for x
Graphing parabolas
1. Find the x-intercepts and the y-intercepts.
2. Find the turning point.
3. Draw in these coordinates.
4. Connect the dots in a curve-like manner.
Let’s consider an example
We had y = x^2 + 4x - 5.
Let us now find the x-intercepts, y-intercept and turning point.
- What do you think the x-intercept, y-intercept and turning point
would be?
Answer:
- The y-intercept is (0,5). We substituted in x = 0 to find the y-
intercept.
- Factorise x^2 + 4x - 5.
- This factorises to (x+5)(x-1).
- Since y = 0, then (x+5)(x-1) = 0
- Then x = -5, 1. We have now found our x-intercepts!
- The x-value of the turning point is the average of -5 and 1.
Therefore, the x-value of the turning point is -2.
- Substitute x = -2 to find the y-value of the turning point!
- y = -9. Turning point is (-2,-9)
The coordinates we have
(0,5) (-5,0) (1,0) (-2, -9)
Draw in these coordinates on a cartesian
plane
HOUSEKEEPING
- I will mark the homework sheet after class and send it to you today.
- Can you please submit homework sheets on Friday before our class
so that I can mark them?
- What are you currently covering in class?
- Is there anything you want us to cover in our class next week?

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