Developing with HTML5

Lachlan Hunt
2007-08-03
 ?
WHATWG
The Web Hypertext Application Technology Working Group
WHATWG Goals

 Document real-world browser behaviour

 Document and standardise useful extensions
 Develop practical new features
 Ensure backwards compatibility
 Define robust error handling
Design Principles

 Foundation of Design and Development

 Organised into 3 Categories
 Compatibility
 Utility
 Interoperability
Design Principles: Compatibility

 Support Existing Content

 Degrade Gracefully
 Don't Reinvent the Wheel
 Pave the Cowpaths
 Evolution, not Revolution
Design Principles: Utility

 Solve Real Problems

 Priority of Constituencies
 Media Independence
 Universal Access
 Support World Languages
 Secure By Design
 Separation of Concerns
Design Principles: Interoperability

 Well-Defined Behaviour
 Avoid Needless Complexity
 Handle Errors
Document Representations
HTML XHTML
5 5
text/html application/xhtml+xml
Document

DOM
Benefits of HTML

 Backwards compatible with legacy UAs

 Author familiarity
 Lenient and forgiving syntax
 No User-Hostile Yellow Screen of Death!
 Convenient shorthand syntax
 Can omit some tags and attribute values
Benefits of XHTML

 Strict XML Syntax

 Integrate directly with other XML vocabularies
 SVG, MathML
 Use XML Processing
Using HTML and XHTML Together
Overview of Enhancements

 Structure and Semantics

 Embedded Content and Multimedia
 DOM APIs
 Forms
 Repetition Model
Structure and Semantics
Structure
<div <header>
id="header">

<div class="article">
<article>

<div <div
<nav> <div <section>
id="content"> <aside>
id="nav"> id="right">

<div <footer>
id="footer">
Dates and Times

 Microformats datetime-design-pattern
 <abbr class="datetime"
title="2007-08-02T23:30Z">
Fri, Aug 03 2007 at 09:30
</abbr>
 Misusing the abbr element
 Accessibility Issues
Dates and Times

 The time Element

 <time datetime="2007-08-02T23:30Z">
Fri, Aug 03 2007 at 09:30
</time>
 Solves Accessibility Issue
 Can be used in Microformats like
hCalendar
Meter

 Representing scalar measurements or

fractional values
 Useful for:
 User Ratings (e.g. YouTube Videos)
 Seach Result Relevance
 Disk Quota Usage
Using Meter

 <meter>60%</meter>
 <meter>3/5</meter>
 <meter>6 blocks used
(out of 10 total)</meter>
 <meter value="0.6">Medium</meter>
Progress

 Show completion progress of a task

 Progress bars are widely used in other
applications
 Works with scripted applications
 Useful for:
 Indicate loading progress of an AJAX application
 Show user progress through a series of forms
 Making impatient users wait
Using Progress

 <progress>Step 3 of 6</progress>
 <progress>50% Complete</progress>
 <progress value="0.5">
Half way!
</progress>
M

 Marked or Highlighted text

 Not to be confused with <em>
 Indicates point of interest or relevance
 Useful for:
 Highlighting relevant code in a code sample
 Highlighting search keywords in a document (e.g.
in Google Cache)
Using M

 <p>The highlighted part below is

where the error lies:</p>
<pre><code>var i: Integer;
begin
i := <m>1.1</m>;
end.</code></pre>
Datagrid

 Interactive tree, list or tabular data

 Extensive DOM API
 Allows User Input
 Editing
 Sorting
 Useful for:
 File or folder lists
 Web mail applications
Using Datagrid

 <datagrid>
<table>
<!-- Insert tabular data here... -->
</table>
</datagrid>
Embedded Content and
Multimedia
Canvas

 Dynamic and interactive graphics

 Draw images using 2D drawing API
 Lines, curves, shapes, fills, etc.
 Useful for:
 Graphs
 Applications
 Games and Puzzles
 And more…
Canvas Examples: Graphs
 PlotKit
 http://www.liquidx.net/plotkit/
 JavaScript library
 Draws graphs from any
data source, such as a
table
Canvas Examples: Applications
 Yahoo! Pipes
 http://pipes.yahoo.com/
 Interactive, drag and
drop interface
Canvas Examples: Applications
 CanvasPaint
 http://canvaspaint.org/
 Clone of MS Paint built
with Canvas
 Could be used to build
a Shared Whiteboard
application
Canvas Examples: Games
 Canvex
 http://canvex.lazyilluminati.com/
 Experimental First-
Person Shooter Game
 3D Graphics
Video and Audio
 Videos have become
very popular
 Currently difficult to
embed videos in HTML
 Flash has become the
de facto standard
 Adding native support
to browsers
Using Video

 <video src="movie.ogg"
id="video">...</video>
 <button onclick="video.play();">
Play
</button>
DOM APIs
Server-Sent Events

 Allows immediate update notification from

server to client
 Send any arbitrary data to the client, intended
to be processed by a script
 Update content without reloading page
 Useful for:
 Real-time chat or gaming
 Stock ticker updates
Server-Sent Events
Forms
Form Controls

 HTML 4 controls are too limited

 Several new types added
Form Controls: Dates and Times

 <input type="datetime">
 <input type="date">
 <input type="time">
 And more…
Form Controls: Numbers

 <input type="number">
 <input type="range">
Form Controls: Email and URIs

 <input type="email">
 <input type="url">
Form Controls: Combo Boxes

 <input list="title-list">
<datalist id="title-list">
<option value="...">
</datalist>
Form Validation

 New attributes to describe validity constraints

for the expected input
 required, pattern, min, max, etc.
 New DOM APIs allow scripts to detect and
deal with user input errors more easily
Repetition Model
Repetition Model

 Allows client side processing to repeat

sections based on templates
 Traditionally required scripts or server side
interaction to add additional sections
 Useful for:
 Adding multiple players to a game
 Adding multiple, alternative contact details (e.g.
home phone, work phone, mobile phone, etc.)
Using the Repetition Model
Teamrepeat="0">
<tr repeat-template="member"
id="member" repeat="template" Members
repeat-start="2">
<td><input type="text" name="member[member].rank"></td>
name="member0.rank"></td>
Rank
<td><input Name
type="text" name="member[member].name"></td>
name="member0.name"></td>
<td><button type="remove">Remove</button></td>
Colonel
</tr>
Colonel Jack
JackO'Neill
O'Neill Remove
<tr repeat-template="member" repeat="1">
<td><input type="text"
Major Sam name="member1.rank"></td>Remove
Carter
Major Sam Carter
<td><input type="text" name="member1.name"></td>
<td><button type="remove">Remove</button></td>
Civilian
Civilian
</tr> Daniel
DanielJackson
Jackson Remove
<tr id="member" repeat="template" repeat-start="2">
Alien
Add Team Member
<td><input
Alien Teal’c
type="text"
Teal’c Continue
Remove
name="member[member].rank"></td>
<td><input type="text" name="member[member].name"></td>
<td><button type="remove">Remove</button></td>
</tr>

<button type="add" template="member">Add Team Member</button>

Any Questions or
Comments?

Lachlan Hunt
http://lachy.id.au/
http://whatwg.org/
http://www.w3.org/html/