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Values

Values are basic convictions about what is right and wrong. A person's value system is influenced by factors like culture, parents, and friends. Values tend to be relatively stable over time. If one knows another's values, one can better predict their behavior. Attitudes have three components - cognitive, affective, and behavioral. The cognitive component is one's beliefs, the affective is feelings, and behavioral is intentions. Attitudes are less stable than values and are influenced by others through observation and imitation. Job satisfaction, involvement, and organizational commitment are important job-related attitudes.

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Mageshwari Ayyadurai
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62 views14 pages

Values

Values are basic convictions about what is right and wrong. A person's value system is influenced by factors like culture, parents, and friends. Values tend to be relatively stable over time. If one knows another's values, one can better predict their behavior. Attitudes have three components - cognitive, affective, and behavioral. The cognitive component is one's beliefs, the affective is feelings, and behavioral is intentions. Attitudes are less stable than values and are influenced by others through observation and imitation. Job satisfaction, involvement, and organizational commitment are important job-related attitudes.

Uploaded by

Mageshwari Ayyadurai
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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VALUES AND ATTITUDE

VALUES
Values are basic convictions (notions) about what is right
and wrong.
 Importance of values – Values generally influence
attitudes and behavior.
 Value system is a hierarchy based on a ranking of an
individual’s values in terms of one’s intensity.
SOURCE
 Source of our Value Systems
 A significant portion is genetically determined.
 Other factors include national culture, parents, teachers,
friends, and similar environmental influences.
 Values are relatively stable and enduring.
 If we know an individual’s values, we are better able to
predict a behavior in a particular situation.
VALUES
 Values differ between generations.
 Values differ between regions.

 Values differ between cultures.

 Terminal values are the end-state we hope to achieve in


life.
 Instrumental values are means of achieving these
terminal values.
VALUES ACROSS CULTURES

o Power Distance
o Individualism – Collectivism
o Quantity of Life (Masculinity) - Quality of Life
(Femininity)
o Uncertainty Avoidance
o Long-Term or Short-Term Orientation
TERMINAL AND INSTRUMENTAL
VALUES IN ROKEACH VALUE
SURVEY
Terminal values Instrumental values
 A comfortable life  Ambitious
 An exciting life  Broad-minded
 A sense of accomplishment  Capable
 A world at peace  Cheerful
 Equality  Clean
 Family security  Courageous
 Freedom  Forgiving
 Happiness  Helpful
 Inner harmony  Honest
 Mature love  Imaginative
 National security  Independent
 Pleasure  Intellectual
 Salvation  Logical
 Self-respect  Loving
 Social recognition  Obedient
 True friendship  Polite
 Wisdom  Responsible
 Self-controlled
Cognitive
Component
Component

Attitude Affective
Component
Component

Behavioral
Behavioral
Component
Component
ATTITUDES
 Attitudes have three evaluative components:
 Cognitive component of an attitude is the opinion or belief
segment of an attitude.
 Affective component is the emotion or feeling segment of an
attitude.
 Behavioral component is the intention to behave in a certain
way toward someone or something.
 Cognitive dissonance is a conflict between two values or
between values and behavior.
Importance
of the Elements

Cognitive
Cognitive Degree of
Dissonance
Dissonance
Personal Influence

Rewards
Involved
…CONTD
 Sources of Attitudes:
Acquired from parents, teachers, and
peer group members.
There are “genetic” predispositions.
Observations, attitudes that we imitate.
Attitudes are less stable than values.
JOB-RELATED ATTITUDES
 Job involvement
 Extent that a person identifies with his job.
 Organizational commitment
 Extent that a person identifies with the organization. This is a
great predictor for turnover.
 Job satisfaction
 A person’s general attitude toward work.
RESPONSES TO JOB DISSATISFACTION.

Active

Exit
Voice

Destructive Constructive

Neglect Loyalty

Passive
FINALLY….
 A great attitude is not the result of success; rather
success is the result of a great attitude.
The greatest discovery of my
generation is that a human being
CAN alter his life by changing his
attitude.
William James

And so it is with you – you are in charge of your attitude.

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