Loam Soil

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Loam Soil

Presentation by Mukono Matipa


What is soil?

• Soil is a loose material which


forms the thin surface layer of
earth. It is a mixture of many
different things including ; rock,
relief, water and air. Soil is found
in many colours and has living
things and dead things in it.
Loam soil
• Loam soil is composed of almost equal amounts of sand and silt with a little less clay. It is made of 40% sand, 40%
and 20% clay. However, these are general proportions and may vary from one sample to another, which leads to the
formation of different kinds of loam soils, such as sandy clay loam, silty loam, silty clay loam, and others.
• Sandy Loam has acceptable soil permeability. Has a fairly smooth, yet slightly gritty feel; clods
crumble easily. Squeezed when dry, loam forms a cast that can be handled carefully without
breaking; squeezed when moist the cast can be handled freely without breaking. Loam also has
acceptable soil permeability. Basic loam soil has about equal amounts of all three, and is the ideal
garden soil.​ Loam soils generally contain more nutrients, moisture, and humus than sandy soils,
have better drainage and infiltration of water and air than silt and clay-rich soils, and are easier to
till than clay soils. The different types of loam soils each have slightly different characteristics, with
some draining liquids more efficiently than others. The soil's texture, especially its ability to retain
nutrients and water, are crucial. Loam soil is suitable for growing most plant varieties.
Characteristics of loam soil
• The drainage of loam soil is usually affected by its composition.
• Loam soil that has a higher amount of sand and low amounts of organic content tends to show greater drainage
capabilities. However, because of the clay particles in the soil, loam tends to hold water relatively well. Loam
with a higher content of organic matter tends to dry out faster. Loam soil with higher amounts of clay is also
more compact, making it ideal for use in surfaces that require compacted sand, such as roads.
• Loam often has a fair level of aeration. Consequently, it is ideal for the survival of organisms in the soil that
are beneficial for plant life. However, loam that has higher amounts of clay is not that conducive for plant life
or soil organisms. Farmers usually have problems dealing with loam soil that has higher concentrations of clay.
• Loam is average in terms of maintaining nutrient levels in the soil. Sandy loam has fewer nutrients since it
drains faster than loam that retains moisture. However, the ability of loam to hold nutrients can be greatly
increased by adding compost.

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