Staircase: Submitted by

STAIRCASE
SUBMITTED BY :
ANMOL
YOGESH
SAHIL
STAIR
A stair is a system of steps
by which people and objects
may pass from one level of a
building to another.
A stair is to be designed to
span large vertical distance
by dividing it into smaller
vertical distance, called
steps.
STAIRCASE
STAIRCASE
A set of stairs is known as a
staircase
STAIR
COMPONENTS OF STAIRCASE
BALUSTER- It is a vertical member of wood or metal

supporting the hand rail
HANDRAIL-The inclined rail over the string is called

handrail
NEWEL POST- This is the vertical member which is

placed at the ends of flights to connect handrails.
SCOTIA- It is the stair MOULDING provided under the

nosing to improve the elevation of the step
WAIST-The thickness of structural slab in case of an RCC

stair is known as waist
NOSING-The projecting part of the tread beyond the face

of the riser .
STEP- It is a portion of stairs which provide ascent or
descent
TREAD- It is the upper horizontal portion of a step

upon which the feet is placed
RISER- It is a vertical portion between two successive

tread providing support to the tread
GOING- It is the horizontal distance between two

successive riser faces.
FLIGHT- A series of steps without any platform,

break or landing.
LANDING-It is a level platform at the top or bottom

of a flight between two floors.
PITCH- It is the angle with the line of nosing of the

stairs make with the horizontal
LINE OF NOSING- An imaginary line
touching each tread and is parallel to the slope
of the stair
RUN- it is the total length of stairs in a

horizontal plane
HEADROOM- it is the minimum distance

between the tread and ceiling. MIN. headroom
2.032 m
STRING OR STRINGERS- these are sloping

wooden member which support the steps in a
stair. They run along the slope of the stair.
BALUSTRADE- the combine framework of

handrail and baluster .
CLASSIFICATION OF STAIRS
A. GEOMETRY B. MATERIALS
• Straight stairs • Brick stairs
• Turning stairs • Metal stairs
1. Quarter turn stairs • R.C.C stair
2. Half turn stairs • Timber stair
 Doglegged stairs • Stone stair
 Newel stairs
3. Three quarter turn stairs
4. Spiral stairs
5. Geometrical stairs
STRAIGHT STAIRS
• All steps lead in one direction
• Consist of one or more flight
• They are used when space
available for staircase is long but
narrow in width
• The width and the length of the
landing should be equal
STAIRS OF DIFFERENT
MATERIALS
 Brick stairs
 Wooden stairs
 Stone stairs
 R.C.C stairs
 Metal stairs :
 External fire escape stairs are made
of metals
 Cast iron bronze and mild steel
 Not common in public and
residential buildings
 Used in factories go downs
workshops etc
• The external fire-escape stairs are generally made of metal.
• The common metals used are cast iron, bronze and mild steel.
• Used only as emergency stairs…..not common in residential and public building.
• Mostly used in factories, godowns, workshops etc.
THE IMPORTANT FEATURES OF METAL STAIRS:

1. Stringers are usually of channel section.
2. Tread and riser of a step may be of one unit.
3. The tread and riser of a step may be of separate units.
Types of metals used :
 Aluminum
 Steel
 Galvanized iron
Aluminum Steel Galvanized iron

CASE STUDY 1
METAL STAIRCASE
Introduction
Baluster Stick - Shielded Metal Arc Welding (SMAW)
• Stair case is made of mild steel
staircase
• Location: AP goyal university
girls hostel
• It is made of square section and l –
section
0.95m
Tread and riser

Commonly referred to as Stick, the shielded metal arc
welding is a process that uses an electrode to carry
0.4m(tread) Types of sections used: electric current in order to be able to provide most of the
weld metal. The electrode used for this method consists of
a core wire that is coded influx and the electric arc is
0.15m • L – section(0.5m) created when the tip of the electrode that is the work piece
• I – section(0.15m) and is withdrawn while still remaining in close contact in
(riser) • Square – section(0.5m) order to generate temperatures of about 6500°F.
• Rectangular section(0.6*0.2m)
Tread : 0.40m • C – section(0.10m)
Riser : 0.15m Landing
Baluster height : 0.95m Covering is welded
String width : 0.2m
• Mild steel anti slippery sheet
Hand rail (width) : 0.6m
• 4-6mm thickness
Nosing : 0.02m 1.5m

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STAIRCASE

BALUSTER- It is a vertical member of wood or metal

HANDRAIL-The inclined rail over the string is called

NEWEL POST- This is the vertical member which is

SCOTIA- It is the stair MOULDING provided under the

WAIST-The thickness of structural slab in case of an RCC

NOSING-The projecting part of the tread beyond the face

TREAD- It is the upper horizontal portion of a step

RISER- It is a vertical portion between two successive

GOING- It is the horizontal distance between two

FLIGHT- A series of steps without any platform,

LANDING-It is a level platform at the top or bottom

PITCH- It is the angle with the line of nosing of the

RUN- it is the total length of stairs in a

HEADROOM- it is the minimum distance

STRING OR STRINGERS- these are sloping

BALUSTRADE- the combine framework of

THE IMPORTANT FEATURES OF METAL STAIRS:

Types of metals used :

Aluminum Steel Galvanized iron

Tread and riser

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