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Unit V Implementation and Robot Economics: Prepared by B.Balasubramanian Ap/Mech Ccet

The document discusses the implementation of robots in industries. It outlines various steps involved including feasibility analysis, economic analysis, selecting a robot and vendor, site preparation, and safety considerations. The economic analysis methods covered are payback period, rate of return, and equivalent uniform annual cost (EUAC). Safety issues involve proper training, testing robot programs at low speeds, using guards and emergency stop buttons.

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162 views17 pages

Unit V Implementation and Robot Economics: Prepared by B.Balasubramanian Ap/Mech Ccet

The document discusses the implementation of robots in industries. It outlines various steps involved including feasibility analysis, economic analysis, selecting a robot and vendor, site preparation, and safety considerations. The economic analysis methods covered are payback period, rate of return, and equivalent uniform annual cost (EUAC). Safety issues involve proper training, testing robot programs at low speeds, using guards and emergency stop buttons.

Uploaded by

Bala mech
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UNIT V

IMPLEMENTATION AND ROBOT ECONOMICS

Prepared by
B.Balasubramanian
AP/MECH
CCET
Syllabus
RGV, AGV; Implementation of Robots in
Industries – Various Steps; Safety Considerations
for Robot Operations; Economic Analysis of
Robots
Implementation of robots in Industries
The following are some of the considerations for robotics
planning
• General considerations
• Feasibility analysis
• Economic analysis
• Selecting a robot
• Selecting a vendor
• Preparing the site
• Get management approval for installation of robots
• Prepare manpower
General
• Hostile environment
• Repetitive operation
• Heavy operation
• Multi-shift operation
• Cycle time
• Fatiguing and boring
Feasibility analysis
• Is it possible to do the job with a robot?
• Is the job too complex?
• Is it possible to finish the job within a given cycle time?
• How many jobs can a robot handle at a time?
• How many sensors are to be integrated?
• Are the material feeding system adequate?
• Is the product design proper for robot manipulation?
• How is the integration plan of other peripheral equipment with the
robot?
• What inspection is required?
• Is the robotization possible with the assigned staff?
• Is it possible the desired product quality?
• Is it possible to maintain safety?
• Is it possible to ensure system reliability?
Economic analysis
• Will the use of robots add value to the product?
• Will this decrease production cost?
• Can the inventory costs be reduced?
• Can the materials handling cost be reduced?
• Can robotization reduce lead time for the products?
• Are the results of economic analysis satisfactory for introducing
robots?
• What payback period should be assigned?
• What return on investment over the life of a robot should be
fixed?
• What should be the internal rate of return?
Selecting a robot
To select the robot the following factors must be considered:

• Coordinate systems
• Degree of freedom
• Payload capacity
• Speed
• Accuracy
• Repeatability
• Sensors
• Interfaces to be integrated
• Programming languages
• Reliability as per makers guarantee
Selecting a vendor
• Consult the robot experts
• Discuss with vendors
• Get quotations
Preparing the site
The factors to be considered are:
• Type of work station
• Layout
• Materials handling system
• Part buffers
• Safety
Get management approval for
installation of robots
Prepare manpower
• Prepare training program for operations and
maintenance
• Prepare robot program sheet
Safety considerations for robot operation

The robot may pose dangers to the human


operators during
• Programming of the robots
• Operating of the robots
• Maintenance of the robots
Cont…
• The operator engaged in robot programming must take
precautions in testing the programs at lowest speed
and should use panic(stop) buttons in case of
emergency
• Properly ground the electrical cables and arrange
hydraulic or pneumatic lines in the proper way
• During maintenance, the power mains should be
switched off
• During operation, proper guards and helmets should
be used by the operators to avoid physical injury
Economic analysis of robots
• Pay back Method
• EUAC Method
• Rate of Return Method
Pay back method
• This method determines the pay-back period during which time the
net accumulated cash flow is equal to the total investment on the
robot.
• Assuming that the net annual cash flows are equal every year, pay
back is determined from the following formula
P = C / (L + V – R)
Where
P – payback period in year
C- total capital ( Investment) cost. Rs
L – cost of annual labour saved, Rs
V –added value of increased output, Rs
R – annual running costs of robot, Rs
Rate of return method
• The robot is depreciated over its useful span of life
• The approximate life span of a robot is between 5 and 8 years
• Assuming straight line depreciation method, the total robot
investment (Capital) is depreciated evenly over the life of the robot
• If C is the investment cost and n is the life of the robot, yearly
depreciation is (C/n)
• If salvage value of robot is F, depreciation per year can be obtained
from (C-F/ n)
• Annual rate of return in % = {Net savings (income)/ Total
investment on robot} / 100
• Rate of return may be up to 50 %
EUAC method
• Equivalent Uniform Annual Cost Method (EVAC)
• EUAC converts all the present and future investments in
to their equivalent uniform cash flows over the
anticipated life of the project
• So for all the investments and ash flows, the uniform
annual cost is found from the theory and practice of
engineering economy
• If the EUAC of the project is greater than the minimum
attractive rate of return (MARR), the project is viable
• If the EUAC is less than zero, the project is unattractive

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