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Introduction To Biochemistry: Prepared By: Leyna Yvone Juco, RMT, CPHT

This document provides an introduction to biochemistry and safety precautions for the laboratory. It defines biochemistry as the study of chemical processes within living organisms. The principal classes of biomolecules are carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids. Biochemistry is important in fields like medicine, nutrition, and pharmaceuticals. Safety precautions for the laboratory include wearing proper attire, reporting accidents, and not eating or drinking. Proper techniques like adding acid to water are also explained.

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Frianeza Mae Mariñas
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132 views43 pages

Introduction To Biochemistry: Prepared By: Leyna Yvone Juco, RMT, CPHT

This document provides an introduction to biochemistry and safety precautions for the laboratory. It defines biochemistry as the study of chemical processes within living organisms. The principal classes of biomolecules are carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids. Biochemistry is important in fields like medicine, nutrition, and pharmaceuticals. Safety precautions for the laboratory include wearing proper attire, reporting accidents, and not eating or drinking. Proper techniques like adding acid to water are also explained.

Uploaded by

Frianeza Mae Mariñas
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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INTRODUCTION TO

BIOCHEMISTRY
Prepared by: Leyna Yvone Juco, RMT, CPhT
BIOCHEMISTRY
• Sometimes called Biological Chemistry, is the study of the chemical processes
within, and relating to living organisms.

• Expanded definition: The science concerned with the chemical constituents of


living cells and with the reactions and processes they undergo

• The principal classes of biomolecules are:


1. CARBOHYDRATES
II. PROTEINS
III. LIPIDS
IV NUCLEIC ACID
BIOCHEMISTRY IN OUR EVERYDAY LIVES

• Physicians are faced with biochemistry everyday; all diseases are


associated with abnormalities in biochemistry.

• Nutritionists evaluate dietary needs based on biochemistry.

• The pharmaceutical industry designs molecules that mimic or alter


the action of biomolecules.
SAFETY
PRECAUTIONS IN THE
LABORATORY
SAFETY PRECAUTIONS IN THE
LABORATORY
• Report all accidents, injuries and breakage of glass or equipment to instructor
immediately.

• Keep pathways clear by placing extra items (books, bags, etc.) on the shelves or under
the work tables. If under the tables, make sure that these items cannot be stepped on.

• Long hair must be tied back (or use your hair cap) to avoid catching fire.

• Wear sensible clothing including footwear. Loose clothing should be secured so they
do not get caught in a flame or chemicals.
SAFETY PRECAUTIONS IN THE
LABORATORY
• Work quietly – know what you are doing by reading the assigned experiment before
you start work. Pay close attention to any cautions described in the laboratory
exercises.

• Do not taste or smell chemicals.

• Never point a test tube being heated at another student or yourself. Never look
into a test tube while you are heating it.

• Unauthorized experiments or procedures must not be attempted.


SAFETY PRECAUTIONS IN THE
LABORATORY
• Learn the location of the fire extinguisher, eye wash station, first aid kit and safety
shower.

• Fooling around or “horse play” in the laboratory is absolutely forbidden.

• Anyone wearing acrylic nails will not be allowed to work with matches, lighted
splints, Bunsen burners, etc.

• Do not lift any solutions, glassware or other types of apparatus above eye level.

• No eating or drinking in the laboratory at any time.


,,

WHEN COMBINING ACID AND WATER,


IS IT
WATER TO ACID OR ACID TO WATER?
TAKE NOTE!!!

Always Add the Acid to Water….


Reason: Acid and Water react in a vigorous
exothermic reaction, releasing heat sometimes
boiling the liquid.
NOTE: DEGREE OF HAZARDS!!! (HAZARD
INDEX)

0 = No or Minimal Hazard
1 = Slight Hazard
2 = Moderate Hazard
3 = Serious Hazard
4 = Extreme or Severe Hazard
PROPER HANDWASHING

• HAND CONTACT is the primary method of infection transmission.


HANDWASHING is the best way to break the chain of infection.
• __________________

“When hands are visibly soiled, wash hands with soap and water.
When hands are not visibly soiled, apply alcohol based hand-rub (ex: _______ )”
hand sanitizer
HANDWASHING PROCEDURE

1. Wet hands with warm water.


2. Apply antimicrobial soap.
3. Rub to form a lather, create friction, and loosen debris.
4. Thoroughly clean between fingers, including thumbs, under fingernails and rings, and up to the wrist
for at least ______________.
20 seconds
5. Rinse hands in aDOWNWARD
___________ POSITION
6. Dry with a paper towel.
7. Turn off faucets with a clean paper towel to prevent recontamination.

AND DON’T FORGET THE HANDWASHING SONG….


______________________
HAPPY BIRTHDAY SONG 2x
BASIC
LABORATORY
EQUIPMENT
BALANCE

• Used for measuring mass


BEAKER

• Used to hold, mix, and heat liquids


• Use as cover: WATCH GLASS
BEAKER TONGS

• Used to pick up beakers


BUNSEN BURNERS

• Frequently used as a heat source in


the absence of flammable materials
BURET

• Used for dispensing an


accurate volume of a liquid
CLAY TRIANGLE

• Used to support a CRUCIBLE


during heating
CRUCIBLE

• Used for holding chemicals during heating


to very high temperatures

Crucible tongs
• Used to hold crucibles
ERLENMEYER FLASK

• AKA: CONICAL/TITRATION
FLASK
• Used to hold and mix chemicals.
• The small neck is to facilitate
mixing without spilling.
• DO NOT HEAT WHEN CAPPED.
FLORENCE FLASK

• AKA: BOILING FLASK


• Has a round bottom and a long neck.
• Used to hold liquids and can easily be
swirled and heated.
• DO NOT HEAT WHEN CAPPED.
EVAPORATING DISH

• Used to heat liquids for


evaporation
FORCEPS

• Used to pick up or hold small


objects
FUNNEL

• Used to transfer liquids or fine-grained


materials into a containers with small
openings.
• Used for filtration – holds FILTER
PAPER
GRADUATED CYLINDER

• Used to measure precise volume of


liquid
• Read the measurement at the
BOTTOM of the meniscus
MORTAR AND PESTLE

• Used to crush and grind materials


PIPET BULB

• Used to draw liquids into a pipe


RING CLAMP

• Used with a ring stand to hold


glassware, such as a beaker or a
funnel
RING STAND

• Used to hold or clamp


laboratory glassware and
other equipment in place, so it
does not fall down or come
apart
SCOOPULA

• Use to transfer solids


STRIKER

• Used to light a
BUNSEN BURNERS
STIRRING ROD

• Used for stirring and mixing


TEST TUBES

• Used to hold and mix


liquids TEST TUBE RACK

TEST TUBE CLAMP/HOLDER


UTILITY CLAMP

• Used to secure glassware to a


ring stand
VOLUMETRIC FLASK

• Used to prepare solutions to an accurate


volume (same as graduated cylinder)

• Volumetric pipet
- Used to measure small amounts of liquid
very accurately.
Note!!! Do not pipette by mouth. Use
pipette bulb or syringe to draw liquid
WASH BOTTLE

• Used to rinse pieces of glassware and to


add small quantities of water
WATCH GLASS

• Used to hold solids while they are


being weighed or to cover a baker
WIRE GAUZE

• Used to support a container, such as beaker,


on a ring stand while it is being heated.
• May have a fiber glass or ceramic center
• Used to balance the distribution of heat
during heating
THANK YOU

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