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Socket Programming

Socket programming allows applications to communicate over a network. A socket is an interface between an application process and the transport layer (network). There are two basic types of socket communication: streams using TCP, which provide a continuous flow of data like a file, and datagrams using UDP, which send discrete packets of data. TCP provides reliable, connection-oriented communication using streams and port numbers, while UDP provides unreliable connectionless datagram transmission. Socket programming abstracts the complexities of the network layers and provides a standardized way for applications to communicate over networks.

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109 views43 pages

Socket Programming

Socket programming allows applications to communicate over a network. A socket is an interface between an application process and the transport layer (network). There are two basic types of socket communication: streams using TCP, which provide a continuous flow of data like a file, and datagrams using UDP, which send discrete packets of data. TCP provides reliable, connection-oriented communication using streams and port numbers, while UDP provides unreliable connectionless datagram transmission. Socket programming abstracts the complexities of the network layers and provides a standardized way for applications to communicate over networks.

Uploaded by

akah
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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SOCKET PROGRAMMING

SOCKET
What is Socket?
 Socket is an interface between an application
process and transport layer(i.e. Network)

 In Unix , a socket is a file descriptor – an integer


associated with an open file.
The Problem
Two Main Issues
Network Addressing
Identifying the Destination
Standard Ports
Connections
Client/Server Concepts
Data Transport
There are two basic types of communication
 Streams (TCP): Computers establish a
connection with each other and read/write data
in a continuous stream of bytes---like a file. This is the
most common.
 Datagrams (UDP): Computers send discrete
packets (or messages) to each other. Each
packet contains a collection of bytes, but each
packet is separate and self-contained.
TCP CHARACTERISTICS
 Connection-oriented

• Two endpoints of a virtual circuit


 Reliable

• Application needs no error checking


 Stream-based

• No predefined blocksize
 Processes identified by port numbers
 Services live at specific ports
UDP CHARACTERISTICS
 Datagram-based

• Connectionless, unreliable, can broadcast


 Applications usually message-based

• No transport-layer retries
• Applications handle (or ignore) errors
 Processes identified by port number
 Services live at specific ports

• Usually below 1024, requiring privilege


SOCKETS
 Both protocols (UDP, TCP) are supported using
"sockets"
• A socket is a file-like object.
• Allows data to be sent and received across the
network like a file.
• But it also includes functions to accept and
establish connections.
• Before two machines can establish a connection,
both must create a socket object.
Why Socket?
 How can I program a network application?
◦ Share data
◦ Send messages

 IPC - Interprocess Communication


Sockets
THE TCP/IP LAYERING MODEL
THE TCP/IP LAYERING MODEL
Socket Description
Layering Makes it Easier
 Application programmer
◦ Doesn’t need to send IP packets
◦ Doesn’t need to send Ethernet frames
◦ Doesn’t need to know how TCP
implements reliability
 Only need a way to pass the data down

◦ Socket is the API to access transport layer


functions.
NETWORK BASICS: PORTS
SOCKET PROGRAMMING IN A
NUTSHELL
 Server creates a socket, binds it to some
well-known port number, and starts
listening.
 Client creates a socket and tries to connect

it to the server (through the above port).


 Server-client exchange some data.
 Close the connection (of course the server

continues to listen for more clients).


MAJOR SYSTEM CALLS
MAJOR SYSTEM CALLS (SUMMARY)
CONNECTIONLESS SERVICES
CONNECTION-ORIENTED SERVICES
Socket Basics
SOCKET FAMILY AND TYPE
Using a Socket
Server Implementation
TCP Server
TCP Server
TCP Server
TCP Server
TCP Server
TCP Server
TCP Server
TCP Server
Partial Reads/Writes
Partial Reads/Writes
UDP : Datagrams
UDP Server
UDP Client
THANK YOU!

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