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Unit Commitment Problem

1) The unit commitment problem in power systems involves coordinating electrical generators to minimize costs while meeting energy demand. 2) It is difficult to store large amounts of electrical energy, so generation must constantly vary to match consumption. 3) Coordinating generators is challenging due to the large number of units, different unit types and constraints around minimum up/down times and spinning reserves. 4) The priority list method solves this by ranking units by their fuel costs and selecting combinations of low-cost units to meet demand.

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336 views13 pages

Unit Commitment Problem

1) The unit commitment problem in power systems involves coordinating electrical generators to minimize costs while meeting energy demand. 2) It is difficult to store large amounts of electrical energy, so generation must constantly vary to match consumption. 3) Coordinating generators is challenging due to the large number of units, different unit types and constraints around minimum up/down times and spinning reserves. 4) The priority list method solves this by ranking units by their fuel costs and selecting combinations of low-cost units to meet demand.

Uploaded by

Tanishq
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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UNIT COMMITMENT PROBLEM

POWER SYSTEM OPERATION


AND CONTROL (EEE4005)

BY
TANISHQ RAM 17BEE1182
NIVETHITHA KS 17BEE1145
PRIYADARSHAN 17BEE1087
INTRODUCTION:
The unit commitment problem (UC) in electrical power
production is a large family of mathematical
optimization problems where the production of a set of
electrical generators is coordinated in order to achieve
some common target, usually either match the energy
demand at minimum cost or maximize revenues from
energy production.
NEED FOR UNIT COMMITMENT:
This is necessary because it is difficult to store electrical energy on a
scale comparable with normal consumption; hence, each
(substantial) variation in the consumption must be matched by a
corresponding variation of the production.
Coordinating generation units is a difficult task for a number of
reasons:
• The number of units can be large (hundreds or thousands).
• There are several types of units, with significantly different energy
production costs and constraints about how power can be produced.
CONSTRAINTS:
1.Spinning reserve capacity

2.Thermal constraints
 Minimum uptime
 Minimum downtime
 Crew/operators

3.Other constraints
 Hydro constraints
 Must run constraints
 Fuel constraints
METHOD USED:
Priority List Method:
The simplest unit commitment solution method consists of creating a
priority list of units.
A simple shut-down rule or priority-list scheme could be obtained after
an exhaustive enumeration of all unit combinations at each load level.
The priority list could be obtained in a much simpler manner by noting
the full-load average production cost of each unit, where the full-load
average production cost is simply the net heat rate at full load multiplied
by the fuel cost.
ALGORTIHM:
STEP 1:
Creating cost equation for each generating unit with the formula
Hi=ai(Pgi^2)+biPGi+ci (where a,b,c are Fuel cost parameters)

STEP2:
Find Fuel Load Average Production Cost (FLAPC) for each unit using the formula
FLAPCi=(ki*(Hi(Pgi))/Pgi) at Pgi=Pgi(max)

STEP3:
Arrange the FLAPC in ascending order to get the priority list.
STEP4:
Use the following combinations
For example is the priority list is x,y,z
The combinations are (i)x+y+z (ii)x+y (iii)x and calculate the
corresponding minimum and maximum generation of the combination.

STEP5:
From the above tabulation find the best combination to meet the
demand.

STEP6:
Find the incremental fuel cost λ(lambda)
Using the formula
λ=(Pd+Σ(bi/2ai))/Σ(1/2ai) (where Pd is the demand)
STEP7:
With the lambda found, find individual generation of the particular
combination.
Find the cost of each generating unit with the (Hi) formula and find the
overall cost for that particular combination.

STEP8:
Repeat STEP7 for every possible combination which meets the demand.

STEP9:
From the overall cost obtained in STEP8 choose the one which is
optimal(minimum) for the people to meet the demand.
H1=510+7.2PG1+0.00142PG12 MW/hr
H2=310+7.85PG2+0.00194PG22 MW/hr
H3=78+7.97PG3+0.00482PG32 MW/hr
CONCLUSION:

Priority List Method was used to solve the Unit


Commitment problem for finding the cost efficient
generating combination out of the given generators.

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