Chapter 4 ED

Isometric
Chapter Four : pictorial Perspective

drawing Chapter
Four
Oblique
CONTENT:
 Introduction to pictorial drawing.
 Types of pictorial projections.
 Axonometric drawings.
 Oblique drawings.
 Comparison b/n Multi-view & pictorial drawings. Chapter
Four
INTRODUCTION TO PICTORIAL DRAWING
 Pictorial drawings are drawings which show several faces(i.e. 3 faces) of an object
at once on a single plane of projection.
 A pictorial drawing is developed for ease of visualization that shows an object’s

height, width, and depth in a single view.
Chapter
The most popular means of single plane pictorial projections are: Four
I. Axonometric projection,
II. Oblique projection, and
III. Central or perspective projection.
Categories of projections where by a pictorial drawing is
generated
Chapter
Four
In order to fully describe the principal faces of an object, the following methods can be
employed.
1. The object should be projected onto additional picture planes (as in the case of
multi-view projection).
2. It should be rotated and tilted about the picture plane so that 3 faces will be
visible (as in the case of axonometric projection)
3. The line of sights should be oblique to the PP and parallel to each other. (as in the Chapter
case of oblique projection) Four
4. By the intersection of the picture plane with the lines of Sight converging from points on the
object to the station point, which located at a finite distance from the picture plane. (as in the case
of perspective projection)
additional picture planes
Chapter
Four
rotated and tilted about the picture plane so that 3
faces will be visible.
Chapter
Four
OBLIQUE PROJECTIONS
 If the observer is considered to be stationed at an
infinite distance from the object, and looking toward
the object so that the projectors are parallel to each
other and oblique to the plane of projection, the
resulting drawing is an oblique projection. Chapter
Four
 The projectors make an angle rather than 90 degree

…. CONT.
 Front face sketches as a true shape. Starts with two axes; one
horizontal, one vertical line. The third axes is usually drawn at
30, 45, 60 degree.
Chapter
Four
Chapter
Four
AXONOMETRIC PROJECTION
 If the object is turned and tilted so that the three faces are inclined
to the plane of projection is a special types of orthographic projection
is known as axonometric projection.
Chapter
Four
Note that, the projectors from the observer to the plane are perpendicular to the plane of
projection.
Rotate 45
about vertical axis
Tilt forward
(35o16’)
Chapter
Four
All edges foreshorten

about 0.8 times.
CONT.
Chapter
Four
TYPES OF AXONOMETRIC PROJECTION
Isometric:-where the three angles between the projections of the three
principal axes of the object on the plane of projection form equal angles
of 120°.
Chapter
Four
Dimetric:-where two of the angles between the projections of the three principal axes of
the object on the plane of projection form equal angles and the third angle is different.
Trimetric:- where the angles between the projections of the three principal axes of the
object on the plane of projection form unequal angles.
Chapter
Four
IF  =  =  IT IS AN ISOMETRIC AXONOMETRIC PROJECTION
IF    =  IT IS DIMETRIC AXONOMETRIC PROJECTION
IF      IT IS TRIMETRIC AXONOMETRIC PROJECTION
Chapter
Four
Isometric pictorials are generally divided into two:
A. Isometric projection: is a type of axonometric projection having parallel
projectors that are perpendicular to the picture plane.
With this projection, The three axes are spaced 120deg. a part and the sides are for
shortened 82% of their true length.
Chapter
Four
B. Isometric drawing: is the same as isometric projection except the sides are
drawn in true length. This makes it appear like the isometric projection.
It is not a true axonometric projection but produces an approximate view. Usually it is prepared
by transferring actual or true length of the object along isometric axes using ordinary scale.
isometric drawing is used for its ease of construction simply by taking true length
dimensions directly from the orthographic view of the object.
Chapter
Four
Isometric drawing and isometric

projection In general practice to
represent an object pictorially.
Isometric projection Isometric drawing
(True projection) (Full scale)
Chapter
Four
Foreshorten
=0.8*full scale
Full scale
Alternate Positions of Isometric Axes
Isometric axes can be arbitrarily positioned to create different views of
a single object.
Regular Reverse axis Long axis

isometric isometric isometric
Chapter
Four
View point is looking View point is looking View point is looking

down on the top of up on the bottom of from the right (or left)
the object. the object. of the object.
EXAMPLE 1: ISOMETRIC AXONOMETRIC PROJECTION
EXAMPLE 2: DIAMETRIC AXONOMETRIC PROJECTION
EXAMPLE 3: TRIMETRIC AXONOMETRIC PROJECTION
Comparison between Multiview and Pictorial
Drawings
Multi-view drawing Pictorial drawing
Represents exact shape of an object. Represents overview of an object.
It uses two or more views of an object on It Represents several views of an object at

different picture plane. once on a single picture plane.
It uses hidden lines to represent the It rarely uses hidden line when
hidden parts of a complex object. necessary.
It gives detail dimensions of a complex

Chapter
It gives overall dimensions of a complex
object. Four
object.
It needs prior knowledge of technical Can be easily understood by persons without
drawing to understand. technical training
It is used for manufacturing, construction, It is used for promotion, marketing and
production, and the like. selling, business transaction, and the like
Quiz(10%)
1. Define oblique projection.
2. List and describe the differences between the three different types of oblique
drawing.
3. Define axonometric.
4. Define isometric, diametric, and trimetric drawings.

Quiz(10%)
1.What are the main purposes of pictorial representation?
2.List the three types of pictorial representations.
3.What limitations does pictorial have when compared to

multi-view representation?
4.Describe the basic similarity and difference between

orthographic and oblique projections.

Chapter 4 ED

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Chapter 4 ED

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Chapter 4 ED

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Isometric

Chapter Four : pictorial Perspective

 A pictorial drawing is developed for ease of visualization that shows an object’s

 The projectors make an angle rather than 90 degree

All edges foreshorten

Isometric drawing and isometric

Regular Reverse axis Long axis

View point is looking View point is looking View point is looking

Represents exact shape of an object. Represents overview of an object.

It uses two or more views of an object on It Represents several views of an object at

It gives detail dimensions of a complex

4. Define isometric, diametric, and trimetric drawings.

2.List the three types of pictorial representations.

3.What limitations does pictorial have when compared to

4.Describe the basic similarity and difference between

You might also like